US1713545A - Starting and stopping apparatus for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

May 21, 1929. R. MILLER 1,713,545

STARTING AND STOPPING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 27, 1926 I E i 5% @I: pv 5 p i ,B jlj H T if E F y;

I INVENTOR.

QH/J A TTI) EY- Patented May 21, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RALPH MILLER, or ms'ron, rnunsnvama, ASSIGNOB TO iNGEBSOLL-RAND couramr, or .nmsnv our, NEW messy, A con-romr'ron or new messy.

STARTING AND STOPPING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed July 27,

This invention relates to internalcombustion engines and more particularly to startmg and stopping apparatus for internal combustion engines of the reversible type.

In operating internal combustion engines of the reversible t pe it is usually necessary to let them idle after turning off the supply of fuel and to wait for them to come to a stop before reversing their direction of operation. This consumes considerable time and wastes the energy which is stored up in the fly wheel. Furthermore, where there is a plurality of cylinders the compression of air In the cylinders by the piston does not necessarily tend to stop the engine for, upon the next stroke of the piston, the compressed air re-expands.

It is an object of this invention to permit the engine to operate as a pump to provide 0 a braking action and to utilize ener y of the fly wheel to accumulate storage air for starting or other purposes.

Other objects of the invention will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the drawing, which shows in longitudinal section an engine and associated mechanism in longitudinal cross section constructed in accordance with the invention.

The engine is provided with a cylinder A preferably water jacketed within which the piston B is adapted to reciprocate. The en gine as shown is preferably of the solid inection type operating in its cycle in accordance with the principles more completely described in the patent to William T. Price, issued Nov. 25, 1924, Number 1,517,015, and includes a head in two parts, the lower part- 0 providing the lower half of a double conical combustion chamber D and the upper half E forming the upper half of the combustion chamber. Suitable intake and exhaust valves F are provided in the upper half E of the combustion head and have a fixed cycle throughout operation of the engine. Opposed spray nozzles G arearranged to inject fuel into the combustion chamber to generate pressure for actuating the piston B.

In the lower art of the combustion head C there is provided an aperture H to receive the casing J of the air starting valve which includes a po pet ty e valve head K having a stem L hel close by a spring 0 bearing 1926. Serial No. 125,219.

against a cap P on the exterior of the eas- 1ng J. The valve stem L is provided with a spring retainer Q, held in place on the stem by means of a nut R. Engines of this type are started by compressed air stored for instance 1n a tank S connected by means of piping T to the interior of the valve casing J. The valve U is provided to admit air to unseat the valve K for depressing the piston B. By this invention means is provided to unseat the valve K when the fuel supply to the engine is cut off, so that air compressed in the cylinder by the piston B may pass into the reservoir S. To this end there is provided a cylinder V coaxial with the valve stem L on which there is provided a piston \V in the cylinder V. Air under pressure is supplied to the cylinder V by means of piping X having a controlling valve Y, in this instance hand operated. If the piston W is depressed the valve K is lifted from its seat and the piston B reciprocating in the cylinder A pumps air into the valve casing J and past a check valve Z of any suitable description into a pipe 1) leading to the reservoir S. The check valve Z is prevented from passing air in the opposite direction by a spring 0 bearing against the valve Z and held in place by a plunger d threaded into the casing J and actuating as a guide for the check valve Z.

Air under pressure is prevented from accumulating at the back of the piston W by an atmospheric vent e at the end of the cylinder V. A guide for the valve stem L is provided in the form of a plug f threaded into an aperture g in the casing J. The cap P acts as a head for the cylinder V.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

To start the engine, the valve U is opened which admits air into the interior of the valve casing J and unseats the valve K. The compressed air in the cylinder depresses the piston B in the usual manner and starts the engine operatin v If it be desired to stop the en ine for reversing purposes, the fuel supply not shown) to the injection nozzles G iscut oil and the valve Y is opened. This depresses the piston W opening the valve K permitting reciprocation of the piston B to force of air past the valve K into the interior of the casing J and ast the check valve Z into the reservoir S. e power thus stored u in compressing air on the alternate upwar strokes in the 110 cylinder A of the four stroke cycle type of engine shown is not returned to the piston B since on the suction stroke of the piston a partial vacuum is formed in the combustion chamber D which, in addition to the pumping action, retards the engine.

Thus by the above construction are accomplished, among others, the objects hereinbefore referred to;

I claim:

1. A stopping apparatus for internal combustion engines including a cylinder, a combustion head for said cylinder, a valve casing having an aperture opening into the cylinder, a valve in said casing, a reservoir having pipe connections to said valve casing, means to unseat said valve to receive air compressed in said cylinder into said valve casing and said reservoir, and inlet and exhaust valves for the cylinder having a fixed cycle throughout operation of the engine.

2. A stopping apparatus for internal combustion engines including a cylinder, a combustion head for said cylinder, a valve casing having an aperture opening into the cylinder, a valve in said casing, a reservoir having pipe connections to said valve casing, pneumatic means to unseat said valve to receive air compressed in said cylinder into said valve casing and said reservoir, and inlet and exhaust valves for the cylinder having a fixed cycle throu hout operation of the engine.

3. 1% starting and stopping apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising a combustion head for said cylinder, a valve casing extending into said combustion head, a valve in said casing controlling communication between said combustion head and the interior of said casing, a reservoir, a pipe connection from said reservoir to said valve casing, a valve to control the admission of air from said reservoir to said valve casing for starting the engine, a check valve in said valve casing, and pneumatic means to unseat said first mentioned valve to receive air compressed in said combustion head into the valve casing and said reservoir.

4. A. starting and stopping apparatus for internal combustion engines comprising a combustion head for said cylinder, a valve casing extending into said combustion head, a poppet type valve in said casing controlling communication between said combustion head and the interior of said casing, a reservoir, a pipe connection from said reservoir to said valve casing, a valve to control the admission of air from said reservoir to said valve casing for starting the engine, a check valve in said valve casing, and pneumatic means to unseat said poppet valve to receive air compressed in said combustion head into the valve casing and said reservoir, said means including a piston on the stem of said poppet valve and a cylinder formed integrally with said valve casing adapted to receive air from the reservoir to depress said piston.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

RALPH MILLER.

Images