US1712902A - Steam valve - Google Patents

Description

P. PASCALE v1,712,902

STEAM VALVE Filed Nov. l2, 1925 2 SheetsrSheI 2 liti Patented May 14, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

'PASQUALE PASCALE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 D Rl-'SIEAMy VALVE GR- YORATEON,.A. CORFRATIN OF DELAWARE.

Application iled ovenlber 'lhis invention relates to steam valves. lt belongs to that class of valves described in my co-pending,r applications Numbers tldi, l'iled March 22, 1922, and 751,796, tiled November 24:, 1924.

rlhese valves involve the principle of passing the steam into and through the valve to the point oit use, through numerous attenuated openings or nozzles in the valve body, which body is maintained `practically at boiler temperature, so that the steam is divided into numerous jets, whereby its velocity is increased, and whereby the steam superheated by `the hot-metal contact, and consequently dried or denuded ol its moisture.

ll`he valve about to be described is particuu larly adapted for use on a locomotive, but its use is not so limited.

'lhe tendency .inbuilding` present day loco motives is to limit their height and incidentally limit the height ol' the steam deine, and the steam space Within the boiler, and such limitation `has conlined the `height of the locomotive to such `an extent that chili-- eulties are being' encountered in order to insure the proper life and measurements ol the superhea-ting equipment, and this is because an excessive amount oli' water is drawn over through the throttle into the superheater. By reason oit the evaporation ol this moisture, an entrained Water scale is formed on the superheating surface, due y.mainly to deposits of sulphate oit lime and magnesiu, the result being to `decrease the eliiciency oit 'the superhcater and to increaseiits `cost el' maintenance.

The objects of the invention are manifold. Une object ot the invention is te so construct the valve `that it may occupy small space, and the same space usually occupied `by the ordinary throttle valve, and adapted 'for installation in the saine manner `without alteration ol the usual control ot the valve.

Another object oit the invention is to so construct the valve that `it Will deliver steam in a dry state into the superheatcr, regardless et the percentage olin'ioistlue at the `inlet ofthe valve, and return the small amount oit.' condensation `incident to its use, to lthe boiler. l further object is 'to provide a Avalve an incident 12, 1925. Serial No. 68,717.

least with infinitesimal loss or reduction in temperature.

An incident of the construction of the present valve, is increase in boiler eliiciency, in that boiler capacity is increased Without incl-eaenig` the boiler size. Boiler ellicieney means fuel economy, since :fuel consumptionL is lessened by theincreased boiler eiiieiency lor a given evaporation, and the fact that with the valve about to be described, the Water consimiption is lessened by reason olf the direct return ol the separated vvater into the boiler, there necessarily results iva-ter economy. Furthermore, the superl'leater collicieney is increased by reason of the delivery to it otdry steam, and its lite is greatly prolonged.

ln the drawings illustrating the invention, Figure 1 Ais a top plan view of the valve, partly in horizontal section.

Figure 2 is a central section, the valve beingclosed.

Figure 3 is a cross section taken enthe line lli-B, of `Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a side elevation.

Figure 5 is a broken elevation ot the valve body showing the ports therein.

Figure 6 is a broken sectional View sho\v ing a modified 'form of' segmental blades or vanes which constitute a turbine or cage through which the steam enters the ports in the valve body, the valve being` partly open.

Figure 7 is a plan view of a portion ojt one oi? the plates constituting' a part ot the cage, of (the form shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a ,detail section taken through two of said plates, say .on plate G-D of Figure 7.

Referringr to the drawings. the numeral l designates the valve body formed with an inverted dome-shaped portion Q, and continuous Wall 3, which Vvvall is provided at intervals with ports et. Body l is hanged as indicated at 5, and bolts G secure it to corresponding flanges 7 ol the outlet pipe 8. The body is further formed with an annular enlargement t), formed with a continuous `'valve seat l0, adapted for a close lit with the lower bevelled `end ll, of the valve l2.

Adjacent the valve seat there is formed in the vulve body an annular sump 13, inter-` "l by a. suitable number nl dr l 'f is denuded, or the water of condensation, is

' directly returned to the boiler.

ception of the flange 17 so that said flange and the portion of the valve body immediately adjacent, serves as a gasket. The upper portion ot the cylinder 15 is provided withmany attenuated openings or nozzles 19, arranged in circumferential rows, the openings flaring slightly from the inner periphery of the cylinder.

The valve body is providedy at proper intervals with apertured lugs 20, to which are secured by bolts 21 a corresponding number of ears, 22, integral with a flat ring 23, which rests upon the ledge 24 of the enlargement 9 of the valve body. The numeral 25 designates an upper ring provided at intervals with apertured studs 2G, for the passage of short bolts 27, by which sections of the ring may be secured together. VInterposed between these rings 23 and 25 are a series of vanes 28, slightly curved, as best shown in Figure 1, constituting what may be termed a turbine or cage. These vanes are arranged tangential to thevalve body and the different series of vanes are in quadrant arrangement with their openings so disposed that steam entering between them will be defiected in opposite directions for each lateral haltet the valve body, so that the steam will come into the valve body with a whirling motion and be directed similarly through the ports in the valve body and through the nozzles or attenuated perfor-ations in the cylinder 15, with a. velocity greater than the velocity of the steam in the space surrounding the valve.

The valve 12 is provided with a centra-l enlargement 29 having therein a recess 30. Let into the enlargementr29, is a. sleeve or bushing 31, which is held therein by threads 32. This sleeve is held in proper position by a set screw 33. Slidable in this sleeve is the pilot valve 34, provided at its lower end with a head 35. The upper part of the sleeve is bevelled as indicated at 36, and serves as a seat for the correspondingly bevelled portion of the pilot valve. The lower part of the pilot valve stem is provided at intervals with splines 37, by which the stem is spaced properly from the inner periphery of the sleeve, so' as to permit steam, when the valve stem is lifted, to flow into the space between the valve body and the valve to balance the valve. As shown in the detail Figure 6, the

upper portion of the pilot valve is recessed and threaded internally as indicated at 38,

and the head 35 is provided with a shank that extends through the valve stein and is threaded into said threaded opening.

The numeral 39 designates the control levers. These extend vertically oi the valve as a whole, and their upper ends are eonnected by a cross bar L1t), held between the arms of a yoke L11, by a pin 42,

These levers 39 are pivotally connected at their lower ends to two bell crank levers 11-, which levers are fixed to a transverse pin '15, rockably supported in two properly spaced lugs 4G, cast with the steam pipe connected with the valve body. A bell crank lever -17 is provided, to whose upper end is pivoted. at 48, the valve operating rod A19. It is through this operating rod, and connected parts, that the valve 12 is slidably operated upon the valve body to open the ports more or less as the exigencies ot the case, may require, to permit more or less steam to be admitted to and through the nozzles 18.

.In operation, steam surroumlingthe valve in the steam dome or steam space in which it may be located, will upon raising the pilot valve through the instrumentality of the control levers, lift said pilot valve t rom its seat suiiiciently to permit steam to flow into the recess 30, round the stem oi the pilot valve, and into the space between the valve body and the valve. This immediately establishes a balance between these two parts. On further movement of the operating lever, say for instance to open the valve to admit steam to its work, the head 35 will engage the lower part of the central enlargement ot the valve, and carry the valve upward, opening the ports more or less as has been just stated.

The steam passing through thc blades ot the turbine is directed generally in the drections indicated by the arrows, only a icw of which are shown, and delivered to the space between the cylinder 15 and the wall of the valve body, and thence through the nozzles into the cylinder and into the out let pipe. It will be apparent from Figure 1 that the wall of the cylinder 15 is spaced considerably from the wall ot the. valve body, and that the ports are so arranged that they are larger' than the portions ot the wall oi' the valve body that is between them.

lVith the exception of the formation ot the cage or turbine the construction .shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8 are identical with that already described. In this embodiment the, turbine is constituted by a series ol concavoconvex rings or plates 19, provided at intervals with lugs 50, the lugs being provided with apertures 51 for the passage of bolts 52, the lugs being adapted to rest one upon the other to hold the rings properly spaced apart, to form steam openings 53, the openings being so shaped that the steam will pass between them in entering in an till fl t) lili) llt) upwardly oblique direction, and then in a downward oblique direction, to be aga-in delected and distributed with a whirling motion in the space between the valve body and the valve, and from thence through the nozzles.

Claims- 1. In a steam valve, a hollow body having steam ports therein, a cylinder in said body provided with numerous small holes therein constituting nozzles, a valve seat on said body outside the nozzles, means surrounding the body outside thereof, and outside the nozzles for breaking up the steam into attenuated streams, and directing the resulting currents through the ports and toward all et the nozzles, a stop valve enveloping a part ol' the body and slidable over said ports, between said means and nozzles, and adapted to seat upon the seat on the body.

2. In a steam valve, in combination, a hollow body having steam ports therein, a cylinder in said body provided with numer ous holes therein, arranged circumferentially in said cylinder and constituting nozzles, and an annular valve seat on said body outside the nozzles, a cage surrounding the valve body and formed of a series of vanes through which the steam passes and is divided into attenuated streams in entering the valve, the vanes being so positioned as to direct the resultant currents toward all of the nozzles, a stop valve enveloping the body and slidable over the ports, in said body, and between the vanes and nozzles, and adapted to seat upon the annular valve seat.

3. In a steam valve, in combination, a hollow body having steam ports therein, a cylinder in said body and provided with numerous holes therein constitutingr nozzles, an annular seat surrounding said body and located below the ports, a cage including a plurality ot vanes between which the steam passes to the ports in said body and is divided into attenuated streams in entering the valve, and directed toward all of `the nozzles, a stop valve enveloping the upper part of the body and slidable over the ports therein and between the vanes and nozles, said stop valve being adapted to seat upon the annular seat on the body.

4l. In a steam valve in combination, a hollow body having steam ports arranged therein, an annular valve seat on said body below the ports, a cylinder within the body and provided with numerous holes constituting nozzles, a cage surrounding said body outside the nozzles, said cage including nu merous vertically arranged vanes ou axes different from the axis of the cylinder and adapted to project the steam obliquely against said nozzles, for the purpose set iiorth, and a stop valve enveloping the upper part of said body and ,slidable between the vanes and the nozzles and adapted to seat upon the seat and to be operated to open the ports more or less, as may he required.

5. In a steam valve, in combination, a hollow body having steam ports arranged therein, an annular valve seat below said ports, a cage surrounding said ports and outside thereof, said cage comprising upper and lower rings connected by numerous vertically arranged vanos which provide spaces for the admission of steam, said. vaines being so arranged as to direct the steam .in attenuated currents toward Ythe ports, a cylinder in the body and provided with numerous holes arranged circuniterentially therein and in rows, said nozzles flaring toward the ports, a stop valve enveloping the upper part el the body and slidable between the ports and 'tage and adapted to seat upon the annular seat upon the valve body.

6. In a steam valve in combination, a hollow body having steam ports therein, a valve seat on said body and an annular seat on said body andan annular sump adjacent said seat, there being communicating with said sump a series et drain holes whereby water et condensation will be returned to the boiler, a cage surrounding the body and including numerous vanos in qua lrant series, the vanes ot one quadrant on the lateral side oi the valve being curved in one direction and those in the adjoining quadrant curved in the opposite direction, the spaces between the vaines forming atteiulated openings through which steam is projected in an oblique direction, a cylinder in the valve body provided with numerous holes ai ranged in rows circumferentially of the body and constituting nozzles for the passage of steam into said body, and a stop valve en- -velo} ing the upper pai't oi' the body and slidable between the cage and the nozzles.

7. In a steam alve, in combination, a hollow body having steam ports therein, a cylinder in said body provided with numerous holes constituting nozzles, Ia valve seat en said body and outside of the nozzles, means surrounding the body also outside the nozzles for breaking up the steam into attenuated streams and directing the resultant currents obliquely toward the ports in the hollow body and toward all of said nozzles, a stop valve enveloping the upper part of the body and siidable over said ports, and between said means and nozzles and adapted to seat upon the valve seat.

In testimony whereof he atlixes his signature.

PASQUALE PASCALE.

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