US1706185A - Transmission of pictures and views - Google Patents

Transmission of pictures and views Download PDF

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Publication number
US1706185A
US1706185A US33272A US3327225A US1706185A US 1706185 A US1706185 A US 1706185A US 33272 A US33272 A US 33272A US 3327225 A US3327225 A US 3327225A US 1706185 A US1706185 A US 1706185A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
image
ray
plates
electrons
cathode ray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US33272A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Camille A Sabbah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US33271A priority Critical patent/US1747988A/en
Priority to US33272A priority patent/US1706185A/en
Priority to GB11521/26A priority patent/GB252696A/en
Priority to FR618323D priority patent/FR618323A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1706185A publication Critical patent/US1706185A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/26—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output
    • H01J31/28—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output with electron ray scanning the image screen

Definitions

  • My invention relates to the electrical trans- 1lSSlOl1 of pictures and views.
  • An object f my invention is the provision of improved method and means for the rapid transmission of still pictures and views, and for the transmission of moving pictures and views.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide apparatus for this purpose which shall have no moving material parts and which is thereby free from inertia effects.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of one form of.
  • Fig. 2 shows one form of wave used for movlng the cathode ray
  • Fig. 3 shows the spiral path which the cathode ray is caused to take
  • 4 is a
  • Fig. 5 shows a modification of what is shown n Fig. 1.
  • F 1g. 1 I have shown diagrammatically a cathode ray tube 1 having at one end the filament 2, which is'adapted to be heated by ture or View represented by' the arrow 10. 7
  • the cathode ray which passes between the plates will be distorted or bent and that by suitably varying the charges on the two pairs of 95 plates relative to each other the ray can be made to follow any desired path. If the plcture or view to be transmitted is still, movement of the ray in scanning the image need only have such speedthat the move- 10 ment of the corresponding spot of light in the receiver may not be detected by the eyeof the observer.
  • the ray should scan modified form of wave, 55
  • Various methods may be employed for varying the field between the plates 18 and the plates 19 to cause the ray to cover the image on the plate 6 with the desired speed.
  • A-well known orm of self-rectifying circuit is employed comprising the two pliotrons 20 and 21. lVhen the rectifying circuit is fed by the transformer 22 connected for example to a ten cycle source of alternating current, the current in the oscillation circuit 23, 24, 25, 26 may be of the form represented by 27 in Fig. 2, the high frequency oscillations being modulated by the ten cycle current.
  • winding 28in inductive relation to the oscillation circuit is connected in circuit with an inductance 29 and resistance 30.
  • One pair of plates, for example, plates 18, is connected across the inductance'29, the other pair of plates is connected across the resistance 30.
  • the current impulses traversing the resistance 14 as a result of the cathode ray scanning the image and the repulsion of electrons by the negative charges on the wall 6 may be transmitted to a distant station either by wire or by radio.
  • Two amplify- .ing pliotrons 32 and 33 are shown connected together by the transformer 34, the grid and filament of the first pliotron being connected with the resistance 14 and the plate of the second pliotron being connected through the transformer 35 with a suitable wire or radio transmitting apparatus not shown.
  • the ten cycle current supp ied to the transformer 22 causes ing perforations in plates 11 and 12 rapidly scans the image formed on the'cnd wall 6 of the tube negative charges are acquired by the various small portions or unit areas of the end wall in proportion to the intensity oi the image at those areas. ()n light areas the charges are relatively small and the repulsion of the electrons due to the negative charges is accordingly relatively small; on dark areas the charges are relatively great and the repulsion of the electrons is accordingly relatively large. As a result, the number of electrons collected by the plate 11. will be less when the ray passes over dark portions of the image than when itpasses over light portions thereof.
  • the current flow through the resistance 14 therefore varies in accordance with the degree of brightness of the various unit areas of the image.
  • the current collected by the plate 12 also varies in accordance with the brightness of the image but in the opposite manner, the current being greater when the ray passes over dark portions of the image than when it passes .over light portions thereof.
  • the variations in potential drop across the resistance 14- are amplified by the pliotrons 32 and-33 and the amplified current may then be transmitted to the distant receiver by wire. or radio transmitting apparatus not shown.
  • the ray may be made narrow enough and the turns of the spiral close enough to produce a picture having the desired sharpness.
  • the entire image is thus covered twice during each half of the ten cycle current.
  • ⁇ Vhile I have used terms such as light illumination and brightness in speaking of the image formed upon the plate 6, I desire. it to be umlerstood that I use these terms in their broadest sense to cover not only the visible portions of the spectrum but also the invisible portions thereof since the phenomenon described is not confined to those portions of the spectrum which are visible.
  • the cathode ray instead of causing the cathode ray to cover the image by tracing spirals upon the plate (5. it may be caused rapidly to sweep up and down over the plate while advancing back and forth across it. thus tracing a path after the fashion of that illustrated by the line 37 in Fig. 4. In this way the entire image is covered during each horizontal traverse of the ray.
  • the self-rectifying circuit il lustrated may be dispensed with and one pair of deflecting plates may be connected to a source of sustained high frequency while the other pair of plates may be connected to a source of lower frequency which may be of the order of sixteen or twenty cycles per second, or higher, if desired.
  • the apparatus includes no material moving parts and hence no inertia effects have to be considered.
  • the only moving element is the cathode ray and this is adapted to respond instantly to the deflecting force.
  • I may use a cathode ray tube having means similar to that already described for moving the ray and in which the voltage between anode and cathode is caused to vary in accordance with the impulses received from the transmitting station.
  • the ray in this case may fall on a semi-transparent film of phosphorescent substance and the plate may be viewed through a suitable lens or eye-piece.
  • Synchronization of the transmitting and receiving apparatus is obtained by employing oscillation circuits 23, 21L 25 and 26, in the transmitter and the receiver having the same frequency and by slight manual variations in the constants of the circuit maintaining the exact synchroni zation necessary to prevent distortion of the picture.
  • the end wall of the cathode tube which may be of glass or quartz, is covered on the inside with a transparent film 37 of a conductor such as the semi-transparent silver layer in a Michelson interferometer.
  • a transparent film 37 of a conductor such as the semi-transparent silver layer in a Michelson interferometer.
  • I use a screen 38 of silk gauze made of single or double silk fibers spaced at about one two-hundredth of an inch and an electron collecting screen 39 of fine metal gauze.
  • Circuit connections as in the preceding form are made between both film 37 and collecting screen 39 and the cathode 2, the resistance 14 being included in the connection from the film 37.
  • the amplifying apparatus, the means for moving the ray and circuit connections are otherwise the same as that illust ated in Fig. 1.
  • the image is formed on the silk gauze screen 38, the light rays passing through the film 37 on the end of the tube.
  • the cathode ray scans the image on the gauze screen 38 the negative charges acquired by the various small unit areas thereof depend upon the illumination or brightness of the image at those portions. Vhere the image is bright the negative charges and consequently the repulsion of the electrons are small, hence large numbers of electrons pass through the screen 38 to the film 37. Where the image is dark the ray encounters a greater repulsion due to the greater opposing negative charges at that point and zu-cordingly a less number of electrons will pass.
  • the resulting variation in current passing the resistance in the return path to the cathode is amplified as in the preceding form before being transmitted to the distant receiving station.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising a member on which an image is adapted to be formed, means for causing a cathode ray to scan the member, whereby charges are acquired by the member depending upon the image, conductive means adjacent the member from which means electrons are repelled by said charges, means providing a return path for the electrons collected by said conductive means, and current responsive means arranged in said path.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising an insulating member, means forming a cathode ray, means for causing the ray to scan the member, means for forming an image on the member whereby electrons comprising said ray are repelled in accordance with the dark portions thereof, and conducting means arranged adj acent the insulating member for receiving electrons not repelled.
  • Apparatus for the transmission of pietures and views comprising a cathode ray ,tube having a non-conducting member toward which the cathode ray is directed, means for forming an image on the member, means for causing the ray to scan the image, a conducting member arranged adjacent to and parallel with the non-conducting member, circuit connections between the conduct ing member and the cathode of the tube, and current responsive means arranged in said circuit connections.
  • Apparatus for the transmission of pietures and views comprising a cathode ray tube having a non-conducting plate toward which the ray is directed, a pair of conducting plates adjacent to and parallel with the non-conducting plate, means for projecting an image of the picture or view to be transmitted on the non-conducting plate, means for moving the cathode ray to cause it rapidly to scan the image, means providing a return path for the electrons reaching the conducting plates, and means for amplifying the current flow in the return path from one of the conducting plates.

Landscapes

  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
US33272A 1925-05-27 1925-05-27 Transmission of pictures and views Expired - Lifetime US1706185A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33271A US1747988A (en) 1925-05-27 1925-05-27 Transmission of pictures and views
US33272A US1706185A (en) 1925-05-27 1925-05-27 Transmission of pictures and views
GB11521/26A GB252696A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1925-05-27 1926-05-01
FR618323D FR618323A (fr) 1925-05-27 1926-05-20 Perfectionnements à la transmission à distance d'images ou vues immobiles ou animées

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33272A US1706185A (en) 1925-05-27 1925-05-27 Transmission of pictures and views

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1706185A true US1706185A (en) 1929-03-19

Family

ID=21869460

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US33272A Expired - Lifetime US1706185A (en) 1925-05-27 1925-05-27 Transmission of pictures and views

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1706185A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR618323A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB252696A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440250A (en) * 1940-04-04 1948-04-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Radio location system
US2570738A (en) * 1944-05-15 1951-10-09 Scophony Corp Of America Radio location
US2598612A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-05-27 Times Facsimile Corp Modulating system and apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB446661A (en) * 1934-08-03 1936-05-04 Alan Dower Blumlein Improvements in or relating to television transmitting systems
DE892299C (de) * 1934-12-01 1953-10-05 Telefunken Gmbh Speichernde Bildsenderoehre mit Bildwandlerteil
GB721948A (en) * 1951-07-09 1955-01-19 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to television pick-up cathode ray tubes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440250A (en) * 1940-04-04 1948-04-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Radio location system
US2570738A (en) * 1944-05-15 1951-10-09 Scophony Corp Of America Radio location
US2598612A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-05-27 Times Facsimile Corp Modulating system and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB252696A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1927-04-28
FR618323A (fr) 1927-03-07

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