US1705480A - Electroscopic apparatus - Google Patents

Description

ELECTROSCOPIG APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE CONDUCTIVITY OF VARIOUS MATERIALS Filed July 30, 1924 March 19, 1929. H. T. SCOTT-HUNTINGTON Patented Mar. 19, 1 1

HUMBERT mmmsron UNIVERSAL TEXILSCOP I 1,705,430 FFICE.

SCOTT-HUNTINGTON,

E' co. mo.

F HARROW, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTROSCOPIQ APPARATUS EOR TESTING THE CONDUCTIVITY OI VARIOUS MATERIALS.

' Application filed July 30, 19241 Serial No.

It is acknowledged that in previous proposals attempts have be successful, for t-he dete en made, more or less rmlnlng the complete or partial insulative qualitiesjof wool, silk,

5 and also of the existen cc of electrostatic instruments for measuring the ionization of gases or the varying intensitles of the R6nt gen rays.

The present invention refers more partic- 10 ularly to the ascertain specific inductive ca ment of conductivity orpac1t1es 1n quartz, mlnerals, and porous structures and the insulative properties or characteristics of various insu- 70 lating materials or compositions, ject of the present invention is determining th portable means for and the obto provide e electrical conductivity of such materials.

In the accomp tion is schematically to like parts.

anying drawings the invenillustrated according to I the present invention; like letters referring Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of my improved structure with a portion of better illustrate t-h Fig. 2 is a top showing a part t partially in section, and the cover plate removed to e position of the parts, plan view of the structure, hereof in section, and,

Fig. 8 is a side elevational view of the structure with a portion thereof cut away to show the position of the operating parts and their relation to each other.

It is known that the similar precious matter may be suc-cessfull the various synthetic processes. If such mmerals, quartz and the like ally,

diamond, emerald, and stones, quartz, and like y manufactured by are extracted naturits conductivity is virtually nil therefore contacting them with the charged. electrode currents. transmitted to the indicating med from their charged 0 by manifest the presence of such of this apparatus will not dis tralize the electro-stat-ically in which may have been transmitted to the said apparatus; contrariwise,

g any conductivity will by the indie this latter media I partially or wholly discharged of charge or neuany imitations of ating media becoming the said it, thereby causing ia to deviate materially position, and it will thereconductivity,

1 in any matter or composition.

The. triangular body, made with one or more ered with; transparent or a, Fig. 1, may be sections, b-b, cov translucent material duced currents 1 729,095, and in Belgium January 30, 1924.

permitting observation of the apparatus interlor. From the apex of this body protrudes the insulator, a, made of any suitable insulating material, preferably ebonite. The channel, w, is bored thru this insulator into which is fitted the electrode, 03. On the end of the electrodes exterior is attached the cup, e, these two receiving and retaining static currents transmitted to them.

Thru the body, a, may be pierced the slots, f-f, wh1ch lead, to and are in alinement with,

the grooves g-g of the detachable plates, These plates may be affixed by slipping them over the abutments, these grooves slide the covers, jj, acting as protectors to the indicating media, or arms, mm, while the apparatus is in a state of rest. These indicating media maybe made of any composition, preferably of metal. In this case they are of gold extraction and oblong in shape. Their upper ends are attached to the plates in such manner as to permit the ma or portion of its length to dangle loosely. hat portion of the electrode which projects within the casing is reduced in mass in order to better distribute the electrostatic charge ereon.

The primary function of the insulator is to retain, to the utmost measure, the electrostatically induced currents. The retention of these currents or energies is a cardinal feature of this invention, for such retention depends upon the extremely n n-hygroscopic properties of the material used for the said insulator and the manner in which this is aflixed to the body of the apparatus. The apparatus may be charged by supplying a charged body to the cup It is presumedyhowever, that the covers, j-j, have been lifted Wholly so as to uncover the arms, inm.

Testing.Having thus charged the apparatus, the material to be testedis-now lightly placed upon, and contacting it with, the cup, e. If there is any conductivity within that matter, the indicating arms will now relent their position, (in this case from the horizontal) This relention or relaxation of their position'from the charged state will be in proportion to the degree or amount of conductivity or specific inductive capacity contained by the matter. This will be so in imitations of many precious stones or quartz,- in many real the electrohh. Into seim-precious stones, such as i the agate, bloodasper, moonstone,and the' quoise,

fall to a substantially definite extent. An artificial turquoise would possess a degree of porosity at variance with that of the genuine, and would, on presentation to the cup-shaped portion of the elect-rode, cause such appreciable variance in the movement of the metal leaves, as com pared with the genuine, as to immediately in dicate its lack of genuineness to the observer.

Contrariwise if the matter possesses no conductivity or specific inductive capacity such as the real or natural diamond, emerald, feather, wax, fleece or wool from animals, spawn of insects, such as the-silk, and the like, the charged position of the indicating media will not be altered by such contacting, but will be altered by imitations or adulterations of the above materials, providing said imitations or adulterations or composed of or include materials possessing more or less conductivity or specific inductive capacity than the genuine material.

The apparatus is so made as to permit the matter being tested to be in constant ground with the earth, through the medium of the operators personal and/or natural touch.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. A portable electroscopic apparatus for testing the conductivity or specific inductive capacity of materials, comprising a casing provided with grooves, an insulated electrode fixed to said casing, said electrode being provided with an external cup, one or more exible metal leaves mounted grooves and adapted to be attracted by said electrode and protecting members secured to said casing and adapted to slide in said grooves to protect the leaves when the apparatus is not in use.

2. A portable electroscopic apparatus for for testing the conducivity of materials which comprises a triangular shaped casing provided with transparent sections located at opposite sides thereof, an insulating lnishing positioned in said casing and located at the apex thereof, an electrode mounted in said bushing and provided wit-h an enlarged inverted cup-shaped portion located outwardly of the casing and having a reduced lower portion projecting within the casing and located substantially centrally thereof, flexible metal leaves located upon oposite sides of the reduced lower portion of said electrode, and means for preventing movement of said flexible metal leaves when the apparatus is not 1n use.

3. A portable eleetroscopic apparatus for testing the conductivity of materials which comprises a triangular shaped casing provided upon opposite sides thereof with transparent sections, an electrode located at the apex of said triangular casing and insulated therefrom, said electrode being provided with an enlarged cup-shaped portion located outwardly of the casing with the concave face thereof uppermost/in the normal p sition of the casing and having a reduced lower end portion located within and substantially centrally of the casing, flexible metal leaves located upon opposite sides of the reduced portion of said electrode, and slidably mounted in each of said cover for preventing movement of said fiexible met al leaves when in use.

ated this 4th day of September, 1925. HUMBERT THURSTON SCOTT-HUNTINGTON.

the aparatus is not

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