US1703706A

US1703706A - Overhead heating furnace and burner therefor

Info

Publication number: US1703706A
Application number: US181330A
Authority: US
Inventors: George F Blasier
Original assignee: BUFFALO BOLT Co
Current assignee: BUFFALO BOLT Co
Priority date: 1927-04-06
Filing date: 1927-04-06
Publication date: 1929-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 1946-02-26

Description

Feb. 26, 1929v G. F; BLAslER OVERHEAD HEATING FURNACE AND BURNER THEREFOR Filed April 6, 1927 I'n ven to r 'ewy@ fT/afz'el' WM Attorney CAD Patented Feb. 26, 1929.

UNITED y STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE F. BLASIER, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BUFFALO BOLT COMPANY, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

OVERHEAD HEATING FURNACE AND BURNER THEREFOR.

Application :lled April 6, 1927. Serial No. 181,330.

This invention relates to heating apparatus and more particularly to means for heating the ends of articles such as bolts, said means including a novel construction and arrangement of water-cooled, gas-burners adapted for burning t-he gases or gaseous mixtures commonly used for such purposes, as for, instances, producer gas.

Heretofore, end heat furnaces for bolt blanks and the like have generally been Bred with one or more burners placed either at the back or at the ends of the furnaces. In .auch furnaces, the end of a blank to be heated is not ordinarily exposed to the direct heat from the burners, the burner chamber being in general relatively large and the blank being heated by indirect heat. Naturally, furnaces of this type consume much fuel and one object of my invention is 'to have the flame thrown directly downward on the ends of the blanks, preferably from the upper arch or -roof of an end heat furnace, preferably one of relatively small volume and depth. Y

In order to have such a furnace fired from the top, it has been proposed to use individual cast-iron burners placed as close together as possible, but with such arrangements it has been found necessary to keep the heat away from the burner, for, as soon as the burner gets fairly hot, as, for example, when it shows the least sign of becoming red, the burner will back-fire at once. Consequently, has beenvproposed to have the nozzle of each burner located some distance above the inner surface of the brick arch, and to have a nozzle of refractory material built in, fronr the end of the cast-iron part of the burner to the inner surface or under side of the arch.

@ne object of the invention is to provide a novel and advantageous form of overhead burner suitable for use in the above and similar relations, that is proof against danger of back tiring or other damage from overheating and which does not require a refractory nozzle.

According to a preferred'embodiment of` the invention, the burner is made up of a plurality of inner chambers between two downwardly converging side walls and separated from each other by partitions extending from side wall to side wall and to the top wall, these walls being preferably continuous for all of said chambers. Gas or a gaseous mixture is supplied from a header through individual pipes to said chambers from which it emerges preferably through slots in the narrow bottoms of said chambers. The converging side walls of said chamber-also serve as inner walls of water jackets, the burner as a whole having a generally rectangular cross-section. Water may be supplied to said water jackets at one end near the bottom wall of the biu'ner and outlet means may be provided at the top of the water jackets, near the other end of the burner structure. Preferably, the upper wall or roof of the water space inclines upwardly so that the thermo circulation tendency will operate to carry thehottest part of the water well as any steam toward the high level outlet for the cooling medium. Preferably, the incline is afforded by making the entire structure of increasing height toward the outlet end.

The burner is preferably positioned across the top of the arch with its lower face substantially flush with the brick Work at the under side of the arch in such relation that the jet flame is directed downward on tho blanks. The blanks are inserted from the side immediately over a floor of suitable refractory material, preferably inclined downwardly away from the insertion side. The furnace chamber may be made rather small, as compared with the chambers of furnaces in which the blanks are heated by indirect heat, and naturally requires less fuel.

The above and other features of my invention may be more fully understood from the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a sectional side elevation of a furnace embodying one form of the invention; j

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the burner;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the burner, partly broken away at the top to show the internal structure; and

Fig. 4 is aV vertical longitudinal sectional view of the burner. v

As shown in Fig. l, a burner 1, constructed in accordance with the present invention,

is mounted in the upper part of the arch of a furnace 2. The furnace 2 comprises a rear arch portion 3, a lioor 4 and a suspended arch portion 5 hung on an I-beam 6 which may be supported inanysuitabie manner, all Aof these parts being formed of suitable heat-resisting material. Preferably, the burner l is located above and the flame is propagated between the arch portions and 5. rlhis is in marked contrast with arrangements wherein the refractory material covers the metal outle so that the refractory material constitutes the nozzle from which the {iame develops. As shown, rear portion 3 of the arch may be formed of a plurality of superimposed courses each extending, forward beyond the nent lower course, the burner itself forming the final step or roof ofthe arch. Preferably, the floor 4 is constructed so that its upper surface has a downward slope away from the side of the furnace where the blanks are inserted.

The burner 1 may be cast iron but is preferably formed by weldingv rolled steel plates. It comprises inner walls 7, converging from the top of to the bottom, substantially parallel outer walls 8, av botten or fuel-outlet wall 9 and a top or fuel-inlet wall 10. rlhe converging walls form the side walls of a number of similar burner chambers 11, which are lli-shaped in crosssection and are separated from each other by ef-shaped transverse walls or partit-ions 12. The chambers are separately connected at the top with individual pipes i3, connected with a header let. At the bottom of each chamber 11, is a narrow slot 15 in the lower wall 9, adapted to serve as the nozzle for the gas jet. rlvhis nozzle slot ends asubstantial distance lfrom the partition walls 12, the length of the slot outlet being,` in the present case, only about two-thirds the distance between the partitions. rlhus the flame heat can be dissipated in the metal endwise of the outlet as well as laterally. Each of the nozzle openings at the bottom of the chambers 11 is shown as a continuous slot but a row of shorter slots or a series of small holes may be used as in ordinary gas stove burners.

Included between the upper and lower walls ofthe burner Iand between the converging inner walls 7 and their respectively adjacent outer walls 8, are two chambers 16. Preferably, these chambers are not partitioned transversely, each extending the entire length of all the burner chambers, serving as water jackets to cool the burners. The relatively great vertical height of the jackets as compared with the width of 'the exposed lower surface ensures an ample sup- ;ply of the cooling medium free to circulate vertically into and out ofthe region of greatest heat; also the great length of the bottom surfaces of the jackets as compared withthe length of the nozzle slots, ensures proper cooling of the nozzle walls. The water is supplied to the respective jackets 17 at -one erich-near the lower wall of Vthe burner, through inlet pipes 18 and the hot water and steamescapes from the water jackets at the other end throughhigh level outlets 19. rlhe burner being` of greater heightA at the end outlets then at the inlets, the latter feature also tends to compensate for the higher temperature of the water toward the outlet ends of the water jackets,-altliough this is `less important than the factors of the vertical circulation natural tendencv of the colder water to flow along` the bottom ant great width as well as great length of the jacket bottom as compared with the nozzle slot. l

wtrom Fig. l it will be evident that when a blank 2G is inserted into the furnace 3 from the side, the 'liame from the burner 1 will be diected downwardly toward the blank and the floor s-, preferably so that the blank 2O will be heated directly by the flame.

lt should be understood that the number and sizes of the burner chambers passing` through a water chamber may be varied widely and that they may be surrounded by the water instead of merely separated by partitions; also that there may be a plurality of single burners each of the cross-section shown in Fig. 2; also that a plurality of cit er single burner units, or multiple burner units herein shown, may be arranged end to end or in parallel rows or otherwise. Various other changes may be made in the arrangement and construction of the path and some parts may be used without others, without departing from they true spirit and scope of my invention.

l claim:

1. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, .consisting of a chaml f having a refractory lining and means if' heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging; downwardly through said refractory lining, s burner including,` side walls, an outhft having burner openings therein, and separate fuel conduits extending through said burner to corresponding burner openings, said burner being constructed for the passage of water therethrough to exert a cooling effect on said side and outlet walls and on sait. fuel conduits.

2. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining andmeans heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, burner including an elongated box-like structure having side walls, an outlet wall forming` a bottom member extending between said side walls and having burner openings ranged lengthwise vthereof, and eparate fuel conduits extending .through said burner to corresponding burner openings, said box- Aburner including a longitudinali'y like structure having conduit chambers permitting the passage of Water therethrough from end to end to exert a cooling effect on said Walls and said fuel conduits. n

3. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging doivn- Wardly through said refractory lining, said burner including a longitudinally extending outlet Wall provided With longitudinally-extending slots arranged at intervalstherealong, longitudinally extending side Walls, a Wall opposite said outlet Wall, and means within said Walls to direct fuel independent-ly to said slots and to cooperate with said Walls to provide Water-jacket space extending from end to end of the burner.

4t. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including a longitudinally extending outlet Wall provided With longitudinallyextendine' slots arranged at intervals therealong, longitudinally extending side Walls, a wall opposite said outlet Wall, means Within said Walls to direct fuel independently to said slots and to cooperate with said Walls to provide Water-jacket space extending from end to end of the burner, Water-inlet means communicating with said Water-jacket space at one end, and Water-outlet `means communicating with said Water-jacket space at the other end.

5. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, said extending v outlet wall provided with longitudinally extendingkslots arranged at intervals therealong, longitudinally extending` side Walis, a wail opposite said outlet Wall, means Within said Walls to direct fuel independently to said slots and to cooperate with said Walls to provide Water-jacket space extending from end to end of the burner, and of greater cross-sectional area at one end than' at the other, Water inlet means communicating with said Water-jacket space at the end of smaller cross-sectional area, and Water outlet meansv communicating With said Water-jacket space at the other end. l

G4 A furnace for heating articles to a very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles vin said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including side Walls, an inlet Wall extending longitudinally of said side Walls and having fuel inlets spaced therealong, an outlet Wall having longitudinal slots arranged thcrealong in correspondence with said inlets, and means to connect said fuel inlets with said slots and to cooperate vvith said Walls to provide Water-jacket space extending from end to end of the burner.

7. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of achamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set inl and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including side Walls, an inlet Wall extending longitudinally of saidrside Walls and having fuel inlets spaced therealong, an outlet Wall having longitudinal slots arranged tlierealong in correspondence with said fuel inlets, inner Walls extending from said fuel inlet Wall to said outlet Wall on opposite .sides of said fuel inlets and said slots and setting off cooling water spaces at the sides of the burner, and transverse partitions between said innei' Walls to cause each s fuel inlet and the corresponding slot to be shut off from all of the rest of said fuel inlets and slots. u

8. A furnace for heating articles to very high teinpeiature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downwardly through said refractory lining, said burner including relatively thin, elongated horizontally extending box-like structure of substantially greater height than thickness, comprising relatively long top, bottom and side Walls, and transverse end Walls, said J(op Wall having fuel inlets spaced therealong and said bottom Wall having longitudinal slots arranged thcrealong in correspondence with said fuel inlets, spaced apart inner walls extending from said top wall to said bottom and lengthwise of said-structure, on `opposite sides ofsaid fuel inlets and said slots, so as to set off cooling Water spaced I on tWo sidesof the burner, transverse partitions betiveen said linner Walls to cause each` fuel inlet and the corresponding slot to be shut off from all of theirest of said fuel inlets and slots, Water inlet means communicatingy with said Water spaced at one end of the burner adjacent said bottom Wall, and water routlet means communicating with said water spaces at .the other end of the burner and adjacent said top Wall.

9. A furnace for heating articles to very high temperature, consisting of a chamber having a refractory lining and means for heating the articles in said chamber, including a burner set in and discharging downoppoeite'sides of said fuel verging 'ronisaid Outlet Well freni the wat# 4 info Wardly throuoh said refractory lining, Said burner including side Walls, an inlet Wall ezfgtinding` longitudinally of Said side Walls and having fuel inlets spaced 'tlnerealo-ng, an outlet Wall having longitudinal slots arranged therealeng in correspondence with seid fuel inlets, 'inner Walls Lending' nein said fuel inlet 'wall to i( outlet `wall on inlets and sail k r Space@l at the sides of the burner, "tranfnfcree partitions between saidinner 'Walls to Cause each 'fuel inlet and the corresponding yslet te he shut oil' from all of the reet el' i'uel 'inlets Iand slots, Water inlet inca-ns communicating with said Water agaces at one end o'f the burner adjacent said outlet W- ll, and wa'Y outlet means comn-iunicating with said wa'V spaces at the other end of the burner and adjacent said inlet Wall, said inlet Wall uislots and setting off ceolinoa w inlet end toward the water outlet end or the burner.

l0. A furnace including` an -arch o1" hea;'

resisting material, a 'loor o'l' heat-resisting material, and .a Water-cooled burner iii-eet,

. air-tight, to form a surface oi 'the upper peri' enne -ipose'd Water cooled surface thereof', which is of great area as compared with said outlet.

l2. A 'furnace including side and top cnclosing Walle of heat-resisting inarial, a floor of heat-resisting 1naterial, and a downwardly directed Water-cooled burner Yin-se'i, air-tight and 'orined at its outlet Wim e large area water-cooled sur'l'ace'iorinng a part of the top interior ejur'rzice of 'said furnace enclosing Walls.

13. A furnace for heating' article-e inse 'te at one side thereof, incl-udin heet resisting material, a doWnuar-dlv i. ed Water-cooled 1burner inthe upper the arch adjfaee-nt V'the inner ceV o-'r the liront Wall oi said 'fur-nace, l il a neat resistloor elopino' downwardly freni the in- Se'rtion side of tne Alurnace.

'14. A 'furnace for heating articles at one eide ihereoll, inclndingr'an arch of heat-resisting,` material, a floordownwardly inclined from 'theinecrtion side at the ineertion position, anda burner eet in top of vsaid arch and including en exposed lower Wall provided Within yseries of slo1"'z=rranged longitudinally of eaid'lowei' Wall, ineane for supplying Vgaa-nous fuel to said elo-fre, and Water-cooling means for cooling Said lower Wall at opposite sides el the series oi slots.

Signed at North Tonowanda in the county of Niagara, and Sta-te of New forli this J' dey lof April, A. D. 1927.

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