US1703239A - Arthur m - Google Patents
Arthur m Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1703239A US1703239A US1703239DA US1703239A US 1703239 A US1703239 A US 1703239A US 1703239D A US1703239D A US 1703239DA US 1703239 A US1703239 A US 1703239A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- acid
- oily
- oil
- oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 70
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 40
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002126 Creosote Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007588 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 2
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019647 acidic taste Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000135 prohibitive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to the preservation of wood by the impregnation thereof with oily wood preserving agents. More particularly, it relates to the treatment of oily woodin'ipregnating materials or mixtures for the purpose of improving their penetrative powers thus shortening and making more easy the process of impregnating wood with same.
- wood is preserved by impregnating same with petroleum oils, coal tar oils, wood tar oils, mixtures of these, and the like.
- these oily agents a thorough penetration is desired for which purpose seasoning or drying of the wood, steaming of the wood, and during the impregnation, vacuum, pressure, and high temperatures are resorted to.
- the present invention relates to the treatment of impregnating oils whereby they are rendered more penetrative and the ease of injecting them into wood for thorough pene tration is thereby greatly increased.
- oily impregnating agent preferably warmed, is agitated with the acid (a 30 per cent solution or other convenient strength of sulfuric acid may be used), after which the mixture is al lowed to stand, the acid settles out, and may be used for treating additional quantities of impregnating oil.
- acid a 30 per cent solution or other convenient strength of sulfuric acid may be used
- a convenient method of practicing this invention is to add to the hot impregnating oil per cent of a per cent solution of sulfuric acid, agitate vigorously with air, allow to settle and draw off the acid solution whereupon the oil may be used for wood impregnation with improved results.
- creosote oil and petroleum residuum a viscous residue of petroleum usually used as fuel
- sulfuric or other acid of any convenient strength, for instance, 30 per cent sulfuric acid, in almost any quan tity, say 0.5 to 5 per cent by volume and up wards, can be made to completely impregnate wood in a much shorter time and at a lower pressure than the untreated mixture.
- the treatment of the oily impregnating agent is applicable to such agents generally and is not limited to any particular acid or strength or quantity thereof but the acid preferably used in quantity and concentration insuiiicient to effect refining of the oil or oily impregnating agent.
- the acid treatment of oily wood impregnating agents for the purpose of improving their penetrative properties in accordance with the invention is to be clearly distinguished from the refining of oils, particularly petroleum oils, by acid treatment.
- the acid treatment ordinarily used for refining oils for instance the typical treatment with sulfuric acid of about Be, is not applicable for, improving the penetrative properties of wood preserving oils in accordance with the invention and oils which are ordinarily refined by the 60 Be.
- sulfuric acid treatment are not ordinarily considered as wood preserving oils and the effects of the acid treatments of the two types of oils are different.
- the refining of mineral oils by means of acid ordinarily requires concen- Ill) trated acid, i. e., 60 Be.
- sulfuric acid which reacts with certain unstable and reactive constituents of the oil and results in a clarification of the oil and improvement in its odor 1 nd ageing properties
- the acid treatment of the invention requires only weak acid of say up to 30 Be.
- sulfuric acid which does not appreciably react with the unstable and reactive constituents of the oil and does not clarity or deodorize it or improve its ageing properties, i. e., it noes not exert an appreciable refining elicct.
- Mineral oils which are customarily refined by means of sulfuric acid of about 50 Be. contain only a relatively small amount of unstable and reactive constituents whereas wood preserving oils ordinarily contain a relatively large proportion of unstable and reactive constituents.
- Wood preserving oils would be removed by strong acid treatment which would involve a prohibitive consumption of acid and woulld leave only a relatively small amount of refined oil which would not be desirable for wood preserving purposes.
- acid treatments tor refining oils and for improving their penetrative properties in accordance with the invention. are different, particularly with respect to the kind and concentration of acid used, the oils treated are different, and the desired results and the results actually obtained pregnating against with a solution of a strong mineral acid of a concentration and in quantity insul'licient to effect refining of the oily wood impregnating agent.
- Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents which comprises contacting an oily wood im pregnating agent with about 5 per cent by volume of a solution of a mineral acid in a concentration insufiicient to effect refining of the oily wood impregnating agent.
- Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents which comprises contacting the oily wood impregnating agent with about 5 per cent by volume of a 30 per cent solution of sulfuric acid.
- Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents which comprises agitating the oily Wood impregnating agent with a relatively small proportion of a dilute solution of a strong mineral acid, and separating the acid solution from the oily material.
- Oily wood impregnating agents obtainable by washing oilv wood preserving materials with acids or a concentration and in quantity insufficient to eliect refining of: the oily wood preserving materials, said agents retaining only negligible quantities of said acids and having penetrative properties at least 100% greater than tne corresponding untreated materials.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 26, 1929.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ARTHUR M. HOWALD, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR- TO THE GRASSELLI CHEMICAL COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.
WOOD IMPREGNATION.
N Drawing.
This invention relates to the preservation of wood by the impregnation thereof with oily wood preserving agents. More particularly, it relates to the treatment of oily woodin'ipregnating materials or mixtures for the purpose of improving their penetrative powers thus shortening and making more easy the process of impregnating wood with same.
As is well known, wood is preserved by impregnating same with petroleum oils, coal tar oils, wood tar oils, mixtures of these, and the like. In the preservation of wood with these oily agents a thorough penetration is desired for which purpose seasoning or drying of the wood, steaming of the wood, and during the impregnation, vacuum, pressure, and high temperatures are resorted to.
The present invention relates to the treatment of impregnating oils whereby they are rendered more penetrative and the ease of injecting them into wood for thorough pene tration is thereby greatly increased.
It has been found that if oily wood impregnating agents, regardless of their viscosity, be treated with acids, their ease of injection into Wood is materially increased and the time, pressure, and temperature required to obtain a given impregnation may be corresponding ly decreased. Also if the usual conditions of treatment are adhered to a greater depth and completeness of penetration and corresponding preservative effect may be obtained.
In practicing this invention the oily impregnating agent, preferably warmed, is agitated with the acid (a 30 per cent solution or other convenient strength of sulfuric acid may be used), after which the mixture is al lowed to stand, the acid settles out, and may be used for treating additional quantities of impregnating oil.
Any convenient strength of sulfuric, 11y- (lrochloric, phosphoric or other acid, or acid salt such as niter cake, waste acids from petroleum refining, etc., may be used. A convenient method of practicing this invention is to add to the hot impregnating oil per cent of a per cent solution of sulfuric acid, agitate vigorously with air, allow to settle and draw off the acid solution whereupon the oil may be used for wood impregnation with improved results.
Eifects amounting to an increase of from 100 to 500 per cent in the amount of oil injected into the wood under otherwise equal conditions have been obtained. A -50 Application filed November 30, 1926.. Serial No. 151,838.
mixture of creosote oil and petroleum residuum (a viscous residue of petroleum usually used as fuel) treated by the procedure described, i. e., washed with sulfuric or other acid of any convenient strength, for instance, 30 per cent sulfuric acid, in almost any quan tity, say 0.5 to 5 per cent by volume and up wards, can be made to completely impregnate wood in a much shorter time and at a lower pressure than the untreated mixture.
As has been indicated the treatment of the oily impregnating agent is applicable to such agents generally and is not limited to any particular acid or strength or quantity thereof but the acid preferably used in quantity and concentration insuiiicient to effect refining of the oil or oily impregnating agent.
No definite theory explaining the effect of the acid treatment upon the oily impregnating agent has been determined. The change in the oil as a result of the acid treatment evidently results in a change in the capillarity relations of the oil and the wood whereby the oil more readily wets the wood and more easily forced into its minute pores. Although it appears that the change in the acid ity of the oil produces the change in its penetration properties since washing the oil with alkali has an opposite effect, it has been obi served that no more than a negligible quantity of acid or alkali is retained by the treated oil in either case. The invention is particularly valuable in the treatment of woods which are difficult to impregnate with oily preservative materials, such as fir, spruce, and the like.
The acid treatment of oily wood impregnating agents for the purpose of improving their penetrative properties in accordance with the invention is to be clearly distinguished from the refining of oils, particularly petroleum oils, by acid treatment. The acid treatment ordinarily used for refining oils, for instance the typical treatment with sulfuric acid of about Be, is not applicable for, improving the penetrative properties of wood preserving oils in accordance with the invention and oils which are ordinarily refined by the 60 Be. sulfuric acid treatment are not ordinarily considered as wood preserving oils and the effects of the acid treatments of the two types of oils are different. The refining of mineral oils by means of acid ordinarily requires concen- Ill) trated acid, i. e., 60 Be. sulfuric acid which reacts with certain unstable and reactive constituents of the oil and results in a clarification of the oil and improvement in its odor 1 nd ageing properties, whereas the acid treatment of the invention requires only weak acid of say up to 30 Be. sulfuric acid which does not appreciably react with the unstable and reactive constituents of the oil and does not clarity or deodorize it or improve its ageing properties, i. e., it noes not exert an appreciable refining elicct. Mineral oils which are customarily refined by means of sulfuric acid of about 50 Be. contain only a relatively small amount of unstable and reactive constituents whereas wood preserving oils ordinarily contain a relatively large proportion of unstable and reactive constituents. These unstable and reactive constituents in Wood preserving oils would be removed by strong acid treatment which would involve a prohibitive consumption of acid and woulld leave only a relatively small amount of refined oil which would not be desirable for wood preserving purposes. Thus the acid treatments tor refining oils and for improving their penetrative properties in accordance with the invention. are different, particularly with respect to the kind and concentration of acid used, the oils treated are different, and the desired results and the results actually obtained pregnating against with a solution of a strong mineral acid of a concentration and in quantity insul'licient to effect refining of the oily wood impregnating agent.
3. Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents, which comprises contacting an oily wood im pregnating agent with about 5 per cent by volume of a solution of a mineral acid in a concentration insufiicient to effect refining of the oily wood impregnating agent.
at. Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents, which comprises contacting the oily wood impregnating agent with about 5 per cent by volume of a 30 per cent solution of sulfuric acid.
5. Process of improving the penetrative properties of oily wood impregnating agents, which comprises agitating the oily Wood impregnating agent with a relatively small proportion of a dilute solution of a strong mineral acid, and separating the acid solution from the oily material.
6. Oily wood impregnating agents obtainable by washing oilv wood preserving materials with acids or a concentration and in quantity insufficient to eliect refining of: the oily wood preserving materials, said agents retaining only negligible quantities of said acids and having penetrative properties at least 100% greater than tne corresponding untreated materials.
7. An oil wood impregnating agent resulting from the treatment of an oily material capable of use for wood impregnation with a relatively small quantity ot a comparatively dilute solution of a strong mineral acid, said agent having penetrative properties at least 100% greater than those of said oily material.
In testimony whereof, I afiiz: my signature.
ARTHUR M. HOlVALD.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1703239A true US1703239A (en) | 1929-02-26 |
Family
ID=3417437
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1703239D Expired - Lifetime US1703239A (en) | Arthur m |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1703239A (en) |
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0
- US US1703239D patent/US1703239A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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