US1701817A - Segmental clay-block structure - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 12, 1929.; 1,701,817

F. H. MEIER SEGMENTAL CLAY BLOCK STRUCTURE Filed May 21, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 F: H. MEIER SEGMENTAL CLAY BLOCK STRUCTURE Feb. 12, 1929,

2 sheets sheet 2 Filed May 21 1927 Q 4.4/ m3 w \%8% Patented Feb. 12, 1929.

FREDERICK MEIER, OF SHEFFIELD, ILLINOIS.

SEGMENTAL CLAY-BLOCK STRUCTURE.

Application filed May 21, 1927. Serial No. 193,188.

lhe object of my invention is to provide a segmental clay block structure of simple, durable and eflicient construction adapted for use for sewers and drains, walls, hollow tile blocks and the like.

A particular object of my present invention is to provide a sectional clay block structure comprising sections adapted to be assembled and put together on the job for making a tile, culvert, wall or the like.

It is my particular purpose to provide sections in such a structure having coacting inter-engaging members for making a joint oi great strength.

making joints of great strength between adjacent tile or wall portions.

In this connection, it is my object to p'roviee sections preferably formed with inner and outer walls having air spaces between them and with suitable transverse connecting menr.

hers, which sections are provided at their coacting adjacent side edgeswith parts 25 adapted to inter-engage and providemeans, whereby a locking post of concrete or other material may be received for making strong, light joints.

Another purpose is to provide such sec lions peculiarly arranged. For connecting the ends of one tile or block or the ends of a series of sections with the ends of another tile or block or series (it sections.

l Vith those and other objects in view, ly invention consists in the. construction, arrangelnentand combination of the various parts of my segmental clay lock structure, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more i'ullv ,e forth, pointed out in. my clain'is, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure tie aperspective view of a segmental clay block structure made in the form or a tile, parts being broken away and parts being shown in section.

Figure is a detail, sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure 1, illustrating the arrangement of two tile placed end to end.

Another object is to provide such sections constructed and arranged for conveniently Figure 3 is a detail, sectional view taken on, the line of Figure Figure 4 a perspective view of two sections of the kind used in forming the upper half of a tile.

Figure 5 is a similar view of two sections of the kind used for forming a lower hall of a tile. r

Figure 6 is a perspective view of one of the locking plates used in connectingtogether the ends of two tile atthe upper half thereof.

Figure 7 a similar view of thelocking plate used for connecting togcther the ends of two'tileat thelower half thereof. 7

Figure 8 is an end view of a portion of ore tile comprisingasegmentel block structure embodying my invention. r

' Figure 9 is a detail, sectioinil view taken on the line 99 of Figure 1; and

Figure 10 is a detail, sectional view taken on theiine 101O of Figure Clay is economical material for manufacturing a great many structures. its use involves, however, certain problems due to the difiiculties of t ansporting large blocks and particularly large tile from the factory to the place of installation. v

ll he bei'u-tiit of using the chi may be had and substantial ccontuuies can be ille(j*iied,-it the product can be used in the form oi sectional blocks adapted to be assembled togetln or into walls, completeijl tile or the like on the b. Such sections must he builtin .ch manner that when connected togetherythey will make a strong" structure with tight joints.

Where large tile are used the use of sections is advantageous because the sections can be assembled on the job without the necessity for handling the very heavy complete tile.

Another problem that arises in connection with large clay tile is that of connecting together the ends of successive tile in a sewer or the like for fastening the tile together and making a tight joint.

All of these problems I have sought to solve by the structure herein to be described.

I prov. series of blocks or sect-ions pe culiairly adapted to be connected together in a curved wall or in hollow blocks or in the form of ordinary tile.

In Figure 1, I have shown some of my sections assembled together in a complete tile.

In Figures 4: and 5 I have shown some of the sections.

All of the sections are formed with an outer wall and an inner wall 11, spaced from each other and connected together by radial connecting walls 12.

The walls 10 and 11 may be curved on the arc of a circle having its center at the center of a contemplated Complete tile.

In each section as it comes from the die in the clay works, the walls 10 and 11 are connected together at the side edges of the section by means of walls ll and 15, inclined toward each other, as shown for instance in Figures 4 and 5, and connected by a short radial cross wall 16.

The outer and inner faces of the respective walls 14 and 15 are inset from the outer and inner faces respectively of the walls 10 and 12.

The angles of the inner face l l and the outer face 15 of the walls 1% and 15 are so arranged with relation to the angles of the outer and inner faces of the said walls respectively that said walls are thicker adjacent to the walls 16 than adjacent to the walls 10 and 11.

These faces 14 and 15 are inclined from the adjacent cross wall 12 as shown in Fig ures 4 and 10 for instance, so as to leave between the walls 12, 1d, 16 and 15 a longitudinal passage 20 (see Figure 1).

It will therefore be observed that in the completed structure of each section, there is provided ateach side edge a longitudinal hollow extension not so thick as the main body of the section, tapered toward its outer edge or wall 16, said extension being comprised of the walls M, 15 and 16.

In completing each section, portions of each of such extensions are cut away longi tmlinally of the section by means of a suitable machine employing cutting wires or the like.

As shown for instance in Figure l, the portions of the extensions remaining are indicated as at A and the recesses between them formed by cutting way certain parts of them are indicated at B.

Thus along the length of each side edge of each section, there is provided a series of projecting extensions A, alternating with a series of recesses B.

In each section, the extension members A at one side edge are staggered with relation to the extensions A at the other side edge (see for instance Figure 5), so that when two sections are placed with their side edges adjacent, the extensions A of one section will it into the receses B of the adjacent section. (See Figures 1. and 4.)

In forming sections designed for use in tile or the like, wherever sections are to be connected end to end, portions are cut away at the ends of the sections in the following 1nanner:

For instance in those sections which are to be used for the top half of a tile, such as that shown in Figure 1, I cut longitudinally of the section from the end on a line having curvature c rresponding to that of the walls 10 and 11 for a substantial distance and then cut radially inwardly, thus forming in the out-er face of each section adjacent to each end a rabbet indicated generally in Figure t at (7. This rabbct extends in ardly from the outer face of the wall 10, less than half of the thickness of the section.

A similar rabbet is cut on the inside of each section designed for the lower half of a completed tile at each end thereof for less than half the thickness of the section. This rahbet is indicated at D in Figure 5.

Sections of this kind may be used for curving walls, may be made with the curvature for hollow blocks with sectional walls, or may be used for drain tile and the like.

For purposes of description, I will refer more particularly to the use of the sections in drain tile.

The sections or blocks, such as those shown in Figures t and 5 are made at the factory and are shipped to the job and assembled there into the completed tile.

In making a tile, the sections for a tile may be set on end and slipped together with the extensions A of each section received in the recesses B of the next adjacent section.

The sections are easy to slip together in this way because of the beveled faces of the walls 1% and 15, and because when the porlions of the extensions are cut out to form the recesses R), the walls i l and 15' are cut or lines indicated by dotted lines at 22 and 24: in Figure '10, inclined from the junction of the faces 14 and if) with the wall 12 to the junctions of the outer and inner faces respecticely of the walls i-iland 15 with the walls 10 and 11.

When the sections are thus assembled in a. tile, there is the junction of each section with the next section a continuous longitudinal open ng 20 extending through the extensions A of the respective adjacent sections. That opening may be filled with any suitable locking means, such for nstance as with slush cement, which when hardened will form a longitudinalipost 26 in the continuous pasor hole 20, extending lengthwise of the finished tile.

It will. be noted that this post when formed of concrete does not have a smooth wall lengthwise of the tile because the opening 20 in the extension A. of one section does not register exactly with'the opening 20 in the next adjacent extension A of the adjacent section. This is illustrated in Figure 10. in which a portion of one of the posts is illustrated in longitudinal section.

it thus follows that the post 26 which fills the holes 20 has portions extending radially beyond the joint lines for thus making a very strong interlocking means for the sections.

It will, of course, be understood that in making a tile, I select enough of the sections of the kind shown in Figure i to form the upper half of the completed tile and enough of the sections of the kind shown in Figure 5 to form the lower half thereof.

lVhen a series of sections have thus been connected together to make a tile of the kind shown in Figure 3, there is produced a structure of great strength.

I have shown in making tests of my tiles of this kind and of the kind shown in my prior Patent, No. 1,4309%, issued Septenn on. the tile will first crack along a line, such as that indicated at 28 in Figure 1, extending from the junction of the wall with the cross wall 12.

By making the walls i l and thicker in the manner already described along their lines of connection with the body of the section and cutting the recesses B on the lines 22 and 24 (see Figure 10) in the manner already described, I have discovered that the block will have far greater strength as compared with the block in which the faces 26 and 14; and 15 might be cut in planes parallel with the outer and inner faces of the section.

I will now describe in greater detail the means for connecting together two successive tile in a drain or sewer.

It will be noted that in the completed. tile, as shown in Figure 1, the tile is provided at both endsat its upper half with a rabbet in its outer surface and at both ends'of its lower half with rabbets in its inner surface.

I cut sections such as that shown in Figure liuto transverse strips and then cut these midvav between the inner and outer walls 10 and 11 for thus forming inner and outer binder strips 30 and 32 such as are shown in Figures 6 and 7. The lower rabbet at the end of the tile is then filled with slush cement and binder strips 32 are then placed in position to fill the rabbet. One of the binder strips 82 may be broken in two between its ends to form a smaller binder strip 32 such as is shown in Figure 3, and the joints between the successive binder strips 32 and 32 at the lower part of the tile are lorokenwith relation to the the tile.

by the walls 12 from which the rabbet has been cut. a

The inner faces of the binder strips 32 complete a smooth inner surface for the tile.

The strips 32 and 30 are wide enough to overlap the joints between the successive tile.

The strips 30 are placed in the rabbets at the upper half of the tile in a similar way. The manner in which they overlapthe oints between the successive tile is illustrated in Figure 2. a

Thus the successive tile are locked together when the soft concrete 3ft hardens by means of the strips and 30 which serve as anchoring and fastening means and also to provide smooth finishing surfaces.

There is thus provided a oint between successive strips which has great strength. The successive tile can be easily placed with their ends snugly abutting and no overlapping of parts of the tile is necessary.

A segmental clay block structure of the kind herein described has many features of advantage, some of which have been already referred to. 7

Two of the features wherein my present structure differs from that of my prior patent already mentioned I find in the shape of the walls of the extensions A and in the position of the rabbets D and G and the locking strips 30 and 32. The shape of the extensions A facilitates the assembling of the sections to gether and increases the strength of the completed tile wall or block.

It will be readily seen that by various slight changes curved walls could be built with sections of the kind herein explained.

It is my purpose to cover by the claims of the patent to be issued upon mypresent application any modifications in structure and arrangement of parts and adaptation of the sections for different shapes and types of structure, so far as such changes and adapta tions may be included'within the scope of such claims.

I claim as my invention i 1. In a structure of the class described, a

plurality of sections of plastic material each having an outer and an inner wall and transverse connecting walls, said sections having rabbets formed at their ends exposing the said connecting walls, and means for connecting together sections placed end to end, compris ing binder strips arranged to fit into said rabhets and overlapping the joint between the successive sections, said binder strips having portionsextendingfbetween the exposed transverse connecting walls of thesections. 7 I I 2. In a structure of the class described, a tubular section comprising a plurality of sections of plastic material each having inner manner as to overlap the joints between the tile, said strips Inning radially projecting Walls overlapping and interlocking with the exposed radial connecting walls of the sections where the i'ahbets have been cut in the ends thereof.

Des Moines, lows, May 13, 1927.

FREDERICK H. WEIER

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