US1699443A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 15; 1929. 1,699,443

M. OWEN COMBUSTION APPARATUS Filed May 6, 1927 INVENTOR Patented Jan. 15, 1929.

PATENT OFFICE.

MORRIS OWEN, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

COMBUSTION Application filed May 6,

This invention relates to certain novel improvements in combustion apparatuses and more specifically to such devices known as boilers and furnaces.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a device which will increase the combustion efficiency in boilers, furnaces and similar combustion apparatus.

Another object of my invention is to produce an improvement in such devices which will greatly reduce the quantity of smoke issuing from combustion in such devices.

Av further object of my invention is to provide an arrangement of parts whereby I shall be enabled to utilize the flue gases in such devices.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, showing the preferred form of construction and in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view through a boiler embodying one form of my invention; and

Fig. 2 is a sectional detail view showing a modification of my invention.

In the drawings wherein I have illustrated the preferred embodiments of my invention, I show a boiler 10 having a fire box 11 and aflue 12. The boiler I have illustrated herein is of the horizontal type, butit is to be distinctly understood that any type of boiler might be employed or the device might be applied to any of the well known types of furnaces.

'Interposed between the fire box 11 and the flue 12 are the boiler pipes 13. A door 14 is provided permitting entrance into the fire box .and the usual ash pit 15 having a door 16 is provided below the fire box. In the flue 12 the usual damper 17 is provided. The mechanisms described thus far may be of any desired style, shape or form. since they constitute no part of my invention.

As is well known, combustion efficiency at the present time is comparatively low and due to this'fact a considerable quantity of com- APPARATUS.

1927. Serial No. 189,395.

bustible gases escapes through the flue. This is true whether the combustible material be coal, wood, oil, or gas, therefore I wish' it understood that while I have illustrated my invention in connection with a coal burning boiler, that any of the other well known types of fuel might be substituted.

The major feature of my invention consists I in utilizing the combustible fuels which usually escape through the flue by directing them back into the fire box. I accomplish this by providing a collecting member 18 in the flue. It is to be understood that this collecting member may be of any desired form and may be mounted in the flue in any desired manner and still not depart from the purview of my invention. If desired, the collector may be formed on the end of the conduit which serves to direct the gases back into the fire box.

In the present embodiment I show a conduit 19 directed through the wall of the flue in communication with the collector 18. This conduitis supported by the upright 20 mounted on the top of the boiler and has an enlarged end forming a sleeve 21. A conduit 22 is slidably mounted in the sleeve 21 so as to be reciprocable therein and it is preferable that a packing (not shown) be provided around the conduit 22in order to provide a gas tight joint therebetween. A collar 23 is provided on the conduit 22 and is adapted to engage the support 24 that is mounted on the upper side of the boiler 10 and which serves to support the conduit 22. The conduit 22 is directed downwardly and inwardly toward the fire box.v Y

It is to be understood that the conduit 22 might be directed into the fire box at any desired point but I have found it preferable to direct this conduit into the fire box through the door thereto since the door is usually located centrally of the fire box and thus affords an advantageous point through which to admit the gases. If desired the gases from the flue may be directed into the fire box without interruptionbut I have found it preferable to mix the gases with air before admitting them into the fire box.

An opening 25 isprovided in the fire door 10 and a directing member 26 is mounted in this opening. Preferably though not necessarily, this directing member 26 is formed with an outwardly flaring opening at its outer end so as to be practically funnel shaped. On the end of the conduit 22 I provide an outwardly flaring member 27 which is flared in the opposite direction from the flared portion on the directing member 26 in the manner depicted in Fig. 1. This construction permits air to be drawn in around the conduit 22 and causes the air to be mixed with the gases coming from the conduit 22, the neck portion of the member 26 serving asa mixing chamber.

In order to facilitate the opening of the door 14 I provide the construction comprised of the sleeve 21 and the conduit 22 which permits the conduit 22 to be pulled outwardly so as to be free from the fire door and thus permit opening thereof. It is apparent that this construct-ion affords a detachable connection between the conduit 22 and the directing member 26. This connection is also arranged so that it forms a venturi, the outwardly flared portion of the directing member 26 constituting the bell of the venturi and the end of the conduit 23 forming the inner portion thereof. This construction aids in drawing the gases from the conduit 23.

While the foregoing construction increases the efficiency of combustion to a considerable extent I have found that the temperatures of thegases in the flue are considerably lower than the temperature in the fire box 11. In

view of this it is readily apparent that it would be advantageous to heat the gases be fore admitting them into the fire box.

In order to accomplish this I provide the construction depicted in Fig. 2 wherein the cylindrical member 28 is mounted in the fire door 1 1. This cylindrical member is formed so as to comprise a tortuous passage 29 which is formed by arranging a cylinder 30 so as to T be supported from one end of the structure and having its opposite ends out of engagement with the opposite end and by mounting the cylinder 31 from the opposite end and having its outer ends out of engagement with the end carrying the'member 80. The tortuous passage 29 terminates in the passage 32 which is in communication with the outlet member 33. The outlet member 83 is mounted well within the fire box 11 and disperses the incoming mixture over the area of combustion. The conduit 22 is arranged in the same manner as depicted in Fig. 1 and the directing member 26 is arranged so that it can be secured to flanges provided in the member 28. The member 26 is formed so as to comprise an outwardly flared end similar to that provided on the member 26. As is apparent the major portion of the member 28 is contained within the fire box 11 and it will therefore become heated and will effectively heat the incoming mixture. The gases from the flue and the air will be there intermixed in the chamber provided in themember 26. A heating device such as that depicted herein is described in my co-pending application, Serial No. 149,214, filed Nov. 18, 1926.

From the foregoing it is apparent that I have provided a device which enables the collecting the flue gases and introduces them into the fire box after having intermingled them withair so as to produce a combustible composition. A structure such as I have depicted herein highly increases the eficiency of combustion and serves to reduce the smoke resulting from combustion to a point where it is practically negligible. The collecting member may be located at any point in the flue, that is any point between the end of the boiler tubes adjacent the fire box and the top of the flue but I have found it preferable to have it located between the damper and the outer end of the boiler tubes.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification, without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but'desire to avail myself of such variations and modifi cations as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what- I claim as new and desire to protect by Let-- ters Patent is: v

1. In a device of the class described, in combination, a fire box, a flue for said fire box, a door for said fire box having anopening therein, a sleeve extending through said openings and having an outwardly flaredpor tion on the outer end thereof, a gas collector in said flue, a conduit having one end thereof in communication with said gas collector and having a substantially funnel-shaped portion on the other end thereof, said funnel shaped portion being adapted to be disposed in the outwardly flared portion of said sleeve'in spaced relation thereto whereby air may enter into said sleeve around said funnel-shaped portion so as'to be intermixed with the gas emitted from said portion. r r

2. In a device of the class described, in combination, a fire box, a flue for said fire box, a door for said fire box having an opening therein, a sleeve extending through said'ope'ning and having an outwardly flared portion on the outer end thereof, said sleeve including a portion adapted to extend into said fire box so as to be disposed over the fire therein, said portion having a tortuous pas sage formed therein and having an outlet formed at the inner end thereof, a gas col lector in said flue, a conduit having one end thereof in communication with said gas collector and having a substantially funnelshaped portion on the other end thereof, said funnel shaped portion being adapted to be disposed in the outwardly flared portion of said sleeve in spaced relation thereto whereby air may enter into said sleeve around said funnel-shaped portion so as to be intermixed with the gas emitted from said portion, said conduit including means adapted to permit said funnel shaped end to be withdrawn from said outwardly flared portion whereby said door may be opened.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MORRIS OWEN.

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