US1165326A - Orchard-heater. - Google Patents

Description

E. W. DUNN.

ORCHARD HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27,' IBM.

1,165,326. Patented Dec 21, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 'ITNESSES: lNVEN'lQR E. W. DUNN.

ORCHARD HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27.194- 1,165,326. Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

2 SHEtTSSHEEY 2.

ED snares PATENT omen EMANUEL W. DUNN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

T azz whom it mayfconcern:

' Be itknown that I, EMANbnL W. DUNN, a citizen of the United States, residing. in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Orchard-Heaters, of whichthe following is a specification.

This'invention relates to orchard heaters. The object of this invention is'to provide a simple, practical combustion and smoke consuming stack for orchard heaters and I stack 5 which .40

by. which air is efficiently mixed with the rising vapors or gas to produce-perfect com bustion and in and at such a position on the heater that the maximum heating efi'ect is obtained and distributed over-a large area; to provide an improved. stack readily adaptable to any type of heater; and to providean orchard heater, the fuel of which be readily and safely ignited.

The invention consists of the'parts and the construction and combination of .parts as hereinafter more fully described and, claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away and part in section, of the'heater with its cover in place. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the heater. partly broken away. .Fig. 3 is a. detail of the stack lock. Fig. 4: is a side elevation of a fragment of the stack showing an air inlet duct. Fig, 5 is a section on line 55, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows an adapter whereby the stack is secured to another type of receptacle. v

2 is a suitable receptacle for holding liquid or other fuel, closed by a suitable cover 3,

with a vapor or gas outlet 4, and having a projects upwardly from the cover.

Any suitable means may be utilized to provide. for the admission of,air into the receptacle below the cover, one form of which is disclosed as. a perforated tube 6 projecting down through and sup'portedon the cover. The'upperopen end of (the tube 6 is covered by a cap 7; having a shutter 8 movable to cover and uncover the apertures in cap 6 to control the down draftof air. Further control" of fresh air inlet is had byian auxiliary regulator 9 coveringa radial passageway 10' leading to the vapor outlet 4.

For convenient, ready and safe lighting of oil in the receptacle, a wick 11, ofsuitable material such as asbestos, may be hung in the draft tube 6 with its little may ORCHARD-HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented D 21 1915 'Applieation filed July 27, 1914. Serial No. 853,331.

upper end at an opening-of the cap 7. To ignite the fuel a gasolene or other oil may be poured on thewlck and a fiame applied. The heat collecting in the receptacle will vap'orie the fuel and the hot gaseous fumes will rise and enter the stack 5. The rate of generation is controlled by the shutter 8 and the regu-- lator 9.

An important feature of this invention is the means by which the admission of air into the stack is had and controlled for the perfeet combustion of the generated vapors or gases and elimination of undesirable smoke and soot residue, and by which the maximum heating efficiency of the combustion is obtained... To thisend the stack 5, which is here shown of telescopic sections 5, 5" and 5, though it may be of a single piece of suitable proportions, is provided at a suitable portion with'air ducts 12, in this instance formed by punching the metal of the stack and bending in (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5) the tongues 14, thus at once forming an aperture 12, Figs. 4 and 5, to let air in andforming a means (tongue 14) to direct the stream of a1r upwardly. 'This. is of dual advantagef first, the tongues prevent the direct trans verse flowv of air from one side of the stack to and out at the other, taking with it valuable vapor or gas; and, second, the movin jets or streams 'of air deflected upwardly by the ductwall act inductively upon the fumes therebelow in the stack and so accelerate tial duets 12, which are staggered, are air inlet holes 16, over which is movable a perforated band or damper 16' to control the loo in-draft. The function of the apertures 16 is to allow a cross draft of air in the stack above. the jet devices 12, this cross draft acting as a fluid check or stop to intercept ment of fumes is had with a speed accelerated over that which would obtain without fresh air in such regulated quantities as to the rising gaseous fumes from the receptacle 2. Thus by the induction means or nozzlelike deflecting tongues 14 anupward movethe devices 12 and in addition to this the inlet holes 15 provide for a cross draft .of

produce a perfect mixture in the stack.

This mixture is then effectually and completely burned in and through the stack to the top and the heatdue to combustion internally of the stack is rapidly andextensively radiated by the latter in a ,manner greatly superior to heaters in which the greatest part of the combustion occurs above the stack and where the heat generated rises vertically with little or no beneficial radiation. In other words, the. present heater -operates by internalperfect combustion to radiate over a large adjacenta'rea a greater amount .of heat than heaters without this' structure.' It is understood that the jet forming ducts may be of any suitable kind.

While the nozzle tongues-14 are shown as with rounded ends and as concaved, it is understood that their form may be varied,

as desired.

For controlling the escape of the gases from the receptacle. intothe stack a throttle plate or spreader disk 17 is suitably arranged adjacent to the vent ,4,- whereby the "gases are made to travel through a ring opening around the plate and to be forced outadjacent to the stack wall to insure proper mixing with the incoming air through sunier is readily adaptablefto many typesof orchard heaters manufactured and in use.

Having thus described my invention, what .I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is.

l. The combination with an orchard heater vessel adapted for,the generation of "apor from oil'therein, of a stackdisposed upon the heater vessel to receive the'vapor, means onthe stack whereby air is directed inwardly'and upwardly to mix with the rising vapor in the-stack, the latter having apertures for admitting air in a draft across the rising mixture, and means intermediate the stack length for regulating both the updraft of air and the cross draft of air.

10,12 and 16, and also to throw' the heat outward and increase the temperature of the radiating surface. ,The stack 5 may be detachably lockedto the cover by any suit.- able means, as a pin and slot device 18, shown in detail in Fig; 3, and tofit the stack to' a different type of heater receptacle an adapteror collar 19 is shown in Fig. 6.

- When. a sectional stack, as shown, isutilized, it may be' telescoped for compactness and-covered with a tubular cowl 20 with a flaring cape 21, whereby the entire upper surface of the heater is inclosed-to keep out moisture and dirt when the heater-is unused.

For a'temporary cover a cap 22 is provided i to fitthe top of the stack. When the stack is tobeextended for use, the sections arefirmly seated at their joints readily by passing a piece of wire or iron 23 through the outside top section 5 and pulling them up The sta'ck, whether sectional or unitary, may be readily and efficiently utilized upon any typeof heater providing for the generation of a combustible vapor or gas from the fuel and which is directed into the stack.

Thus I provide a stack withmeans for admitting a quantity of air which isdivided into a pluralityof small, upwardly directed streams or jets readily mixing with the more or'less compact, upwardly moving column of vaporin the stack and generated from the fuel. These streams of air quickly mix with the vapor and produce a perfectly combustible mixture, thereby consuming all carbon and producing a smokeless fire. It is understood that this stack and smoke con- 2. A stack, for orchard heaters having a receptacle adapted for the generation of 'vapor from oil therein, with adjustable, cirto the cover, said stack being provided with openings for the admission of air to mix with the rising vapor.

4. The combination in an orchard heater, of an oil receptacle for the generation of 'vapor from the oil, a collapsible combustion stack, having sections co'ciperating, when the stack is extended, to form tight self-sustain- .ing joints, and means detachably securing the lower section to the receptacle, said stack having means for directing air' inwardly and upwardly to mix with the vapors.

.5. The combination in an orchard heater,

of an oil receptaclefor the generation of vapor from the oil, a collapsible combustion stack,havmg sections co6perating, when the stack is.,extended,,to form tightself-sustain;

ing joints, means detachably. securing the.

lowerlsection -to the receptacle, said stack having means for directing air inwardly and upwardly to mix with the vapors, and having perforations for providing a cross draft above the zone of mixture in the stack;

6. The comblnationin an orchard heater, of an 011 receptaclefor the generation of vapor from the oil, a collapsible combustion staclgllaving sections cotiperating, when the stacki's extended, tosform tight self-sustain mg oints, means detachably securing the lower section to the receptacle, said stack having means for directing air inwardly and upwardly to, mix with the vapors, .and having means for providing a cross, draft above the zone of mixture in the stack, and for regulating the up and cross drafts,

7. The combination in acovered orchard heater, of an oil receptacle adaptable for the generation of vapor from the oil, a combustion stack having sections collapsible to rest upon the cover, and a cowl having a cap to cover the receptacle and a tubular body to cover the collapsed stack and also covering the receptacle top.

8. An orchard heater comprising a covered receptacle having an aperture in the cover for the inlet of air to support combustion of oil within the receptacle, an obliquely arranged tube within the receptacle in communication with said aperture, a wick extending through said tube with one end adjacent to the aperture and adapted to be ignited throughout its full length, and a combustion stack carried on said receptacle.

9. The combination in an orchard heater,

of a covered receptacle for fuel oil, a collapsible stack therefor, comprising a pluupper end, with the smaller end fitting over the vapor outlet, said stack being made in telescoping sections to collapse one over the other without removal from the receptacle, and each section resting on the cover when collapsed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMANUEL W. DUNN.

. lV'tnesses:

TV. TV. HEALEY, E. M. EWING.

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