US1697906A - Exhaust-steam injector - Google Patents

Description

BEUTSCH EXHAUST STEAM INJEGTOR Jan. S, 3929.

Filed Jan. 23, 1926 Patented dan. i929.

" A menace .UNITED s'rnrgas serum oFFlcE.

-HANS DEUTSCH, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

Vman? Auer-smania rNJnc'ron.

Application filed January 23, 1926, jSerial No. 83,319, andin Austria March 14, 1925.

. i This invention relates to exhaust steam injectors in which exhaust steam together with a certain uantity of live steam is elnployed for fee ing water into a boiler or other vessel and in which provision is `made for substituting live' steam for the exhaust steam, whenever such exhaust steam is not available, so as to allow operation of the injector at any time lwhether orinot the en gine from which the exhaust steam is derived is running. v l

In injectorsI of this kind in order to change from the operation of the injector with combined exhaust and live steam over to operation with live steam alone a change over device or apparatus mustbe provided and this device or apparatus is` generally and especially in the case of locomotives controlled by the steam .pressure prevailing in the/valve chest of the engine or in the-steam feed pipe leading thereto.

N ow in arrangements of the kind mentioned a certain drawback is experienced whenthe locomotive or engine isrunning with the regulator or throttle valve shut and with the injector out of operation, as in this case the variations of the pressure in the -valve chest are liable to damage the changeover device especially if the pressure is oscillating about the atmospheric line.

valves or pistons influenced by the steam pressure will perform a to and-fro movement in accordance with the pressure variations, which will cause the valves lto clatter ontheir seats or in the' case of pistons will cause wear of the sealing surfaces, capable of finally impairing the operation. of these members vwhich should -be in a perfect-con-v dition to eect a steam tight sealing.

Now accordingto my invention these defects are avoided by providing the chamber or `roomcontaining the change over device' and controlled by the steam pressure in the valve chest or steam feed pipe or a chamber communicating therewith or the steam pipe leading to this member withv an opening leading to the atmosphere and adapted to be controlled bya -nonreturnv valve.

^ Said nonreturn valvein the event of variations of pressure as described prevents the formation of any pressure lower than the atmosphere and therefore also prevents any lifting or other movementpof the controlling member, which therefore rests on its seat or remains in its position of rest the air valve is arranged in the main conto the injector, 2 the passage for the high- In this case the .it forces the valve 6 lfrom exhaust steam to live steam operation of thelinjector is effected by a counter valve. Fig. 2 illustrates the 'application of the invention to a change over device .operated by means .of a piston.

Fig. 3 shows a change over device which trol pipe of the device'.

` The injectors consists of a number of nozlzles'as usual among which the live steam nozzle 21, the exhaust steam nozzle 23, the combining nozzle 24 and the delivery nozzle 25 are the mostimportant. The injector .is enclosed in a casing 20 provided with the necessary inlet and outlet openings.

4 denotes the inlet for the exhaust steam pressure steam from the boiler -ilowing into the injector through the inner steam nozzle 21; 3 is a second passage-for live steam; through which theboiler steam at a reduced pressure reaches the exhaust-steam nozzle 28; 5 denotes av'alve, the upper and largerseat of which shuts oli' a chamber 26 from a chamber 27 which communicates with the boiler by way of an opening-28 and an inlet 1. The chamber 26 is adapted to be shuty 0H by means cfa valve 6 from a chamber 7 which is connected through the pipe 8 with the steam chest of the en ne Aor with the main steam pipe leading from the throttlevalve 4of the engine to the valve chest. 9 When the valve 5 rests against its upper seat oft' its seat.V T he upper seat of the valve may also be slightly roughened, or may be caused to leak slightly in some other way, so that small quantities of steam can pass from the chamber 27 into the chamber 26 even' when Vthis valve is closed. l The chamber 7 or the chamber 9 communicatin therewith communicates with the open air y means of an opening 10. A nonreturn valve 11 controlling said openingand which may be arranged to slide within the central guiding portion of valve 6 closes the said communication ofthe chambers 9 and 7 with the open air, whenever a 11o pressure within the chamber `If the steam higher pressure than the atmospheric pressure prevails in the chamber 9.-

The device operates in the following manner: Y

If the locomotive is running under steam, the pressure which prevails in the chamber 7 will shut the nonreturn .valve 11. The pressure which, however, is lower than the full boiler pressure causes small quantities of steam to leak through the seat of the valves or through the small gaps provided therein from the space 26 which communicates with the inlet 1. in which the full boiler pressure prevails by means of the .chambers 27 and air, so

26. 4 So long as the difference of pressure and consequently the .velocity oflflow between the inlet 1 and chamber 7 do 4not ex- ,ceed a certain value, the valve 5 will bear against its lower seat and close ,the auxiliary live steam passage 3, the injector being then operated by the live steam flowing through the conduit 2 and the exhaust, steam flowing through the exhaust pipe 4. When the throttle valve is-closed and the engine is consequently running without steam, a drop in ressure takes place in the pipe 8 and also 1n the chamber 7, causing the velocity of the steam flowing from tle inlet 1 to the chamber the valve 5 is 'forced against its upper seat, thus stopping the liow of steam to the chamber 7 and opening the way to the auxiliary live steam passage 34. The injector is then working under live steam alone, the steam "7 to increase so that to establish the valve chest. The small quantities of steam leaking from the chamber 37 around the piston to' the other side owing to the unavoidable defects in the tight seating ofthe piston would after 'a certain time cause the steam to be equal at both sides of the piston, whereby the application of the steam chest pressure would be inoperative. In order to prevent such a pressure equalization devices of this kind are always provided with an outlet, such as the pipe 39 shown in the drawing, by means of which these small quantities of steam may` escape to` the open that in the left side of the cylinder atmospheric pressure is always prevailing. The piston 12 has a diameter that is larger than the diameter of valve 13 and 4it holds such valve`113 in its closed position and therefore prevents 'the access of live steam through the pipe 33 'to the exhaust steam chamber of the injector whenever exhaust steam is iowing to the same. Pipe 33 is preferably provided with a restricted cross section 34.' at the inlet end in order to reduce the pressure ofy the steamentering through pipe 33. into the exhaust steam nozzle. An 'opening 30 controlled by a valve 31, which may be .ball-shaped, allows communication between .the chamber 37 and the atmospheresif no pressure is present in the chamber 37, which in operation and if for instance the locomoflowing through the pipe 3 taking the place r`tive is running without steam as when run# of the exhaust steam. At the same time the valve 11 dro s on account of its own weight I as it is no onger held by the high steam l pressure'in the valve chest and rees the opening 10, thus admittin atmospheric The valvesl are in this -case no longer under the iniuence of the pressure in the steam chest, l

be'. variable and oscillates about the atmospheric line.

The live steam flowing through the passage'3 in place of the exhaust steam must be throttled rior to enteringV the nozzles. throttled at the small openlng 28 which it passes before reachingthe valve 5, a comparatively small pressure will.

5 being lifted against its' upper seat `andv uently when the throttle-valve is again ne even a certain though comparativelyA ight pressure in the valve-chest above the atmosphericl will cause the valve 5 to come down to lits lower seat again and to close the passage 3 while at the same time the nonreturn valve 11 is closed.

ning downa hill or when entering a .sta tion then variations of pressure will occur in` .the valve chest which oscillate about the atmospheric line and will cause the pressure periodically to raise above and to fall below the atmospheric pressure. In this case however owing to the communication of he chamber 37 with the atmosphere through the opening 30 the controlling member 12 is not lifted or moved but remains in its po sition o f rest, the injector being at'this time outv of operation as already explained and the steam supply being therefore shut oil.

The construction of the injectoraccording to Fig. 2 is identical to that shown vin Fig. 1

and the tubes 32 and 33 in 2 are joined in the same way to the injector as according to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1.

Fig.' 3 arrangement described with reference to Fig. 1 andv controlling .an identical injector as that shown in Figure 1. In this ca'se however'the opening 40'is not'provided at the top of 1the structure in a chamber 9 as in Fig. 1 but is arranged in a sleeve inserted in According tol the arrangement shown in the pipev 48, leading to the valve chest. It

Fig. 2 a piston 12 is provided insteadof the valve 6, which is subject tothe pressure of .the steam innthe chamber 37 and fed to this chamber by means of a pipe 38 leading from is shown controlled by a ball shaped valve 41which will act inthe same way as the nonreturn valves 11 and 31 of the modification shown 1n Figure lor. 2 and'will shows another"v modification of the close the I las opening when ahigher pressure than the iat- `kind specified adapted to be Worked by the exhaust steam of an engine, an exhaust steam I nozzle adapted to be alternately fed by an exhaust steam branch an-d by an auxiliary live steam branch, an automatic change over device controlling the admission of steam to said auxiliary live steambranch and making said branch operative When the Working steam for the engine is cut off fronrthe engine, said change over device comprising cooperating members one of which being operated by the Working steam pressure within a. pressure system, consisting of a chamber and a steam admission ,branch carrying steam ot the Working pressure of the engine, one of the parts of said pressure system being provided With automatic means controlling the admission of atmospheric pressure to said.

system and admitting atmospheric pressure Whenever the supply of working steam to the engine is cut off.

2. In an exhaust steam injector of the kind specied adapted to be Worked by the exhaust steam of an engine, an exhaust steam nozzle `adapted to be alternatively fed by an exhaust steam branch and by an auxiliary live steam branch, an automaticchange over "device controlling the admission of steam to said auxiliary live steam branch and makmg said branch operative when the Working steam for the engine v1s cut oil from the engine," said change over device comprisingr cooperating members controlled by the pressure of the live steam and by the pressure of the Working steam of the engine, the last lnamed controlling means comprising a chamber communicating withA a steam pipe ,v carrying steam of the working pressure and gine, said change over device' comprising cooperating members one of said members being a valve actuated by the live steam pressure `and the second member being arranged Withinl a chamber adapted to be set into communication with some part of the engine containing steam ofthe Working pressure. when the engineis Working, said chamber ,being provided With an opening and said opening being controlled by a non-return.

valve adapted to close-said opening when steam of Working pressure is admitted and to open it when steam of Working pressure is eut off from the engine.

4. In an exhaust steam injector of the kind specied, a change over device according to claim l, wherein said change over device comprises tWo valves, one valve being capable to lift the other valve and being provided' With two seats, one seat controlling Ithe admission of live steam"'to the auxiliary steam pipe and the other valve being arranged in a chamber adapted to be set in to communi-cation With some part of the engine l containing steam of the Working pressure of the engine and Withthe atmosphere, the latter communication being controlled by a non-return valve adapted to be actuated byl the admission of steam of the Working pres-` 'sure to'said chamber and opening the communication vWith the atmosphere when the l steam is cut off from the engine.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

HANS Deursen.

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