US168888A - Improvement in air-pumps - Google Patents

Description

H. ELLIS.

Patented Oct. f9,1875.

Air-Pump.

NPEI'ERS. PHOTO-LITHGGRAPHER. WA$HINGTON. n C,

. NIT DY ST T S JOHN H. ELLIS, or PEoR A, ILLIN ISJ IMPROVEMENT IN AIR-PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,888, dated October 19, 1875; application Marchv15, 875;

. To all whom it niay 0mm.-

Be it known that I, J oniv H. ELLIS, of the city of Peoria, in the county of Peoria and in .the Stateof Illinois, have invented an Im-' provement in Air-Pumpsand their Attachments, adapted for theuse of schools and col- .leges and do hereby declare that the follow- .ing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadt'o the annexed draw- .ings, making a part of this specification, in which like letters of reference refer tolikei parts, and in which I Figure 1 represents a front elevation of the pump, showing the application of an exhaust- "Fig. 5, jar,showing a sectional view, cap to receive stop-cock; Fig. 6, vertical section of the reversible valve-box Fig. 7, plan of valve;

Fig. 8, sectional elevation of condensing-ves- ,sel, showing application of the stop-cock connection for attachment" to the pump.

The object of this invention is to furnish an I improved and economical air-pump (both for exhausting and condensing) and attachments for experiments. in natural philosophy, particularly adapted for-the use of colleges and schools-the principal improvements being, first, a terminal nozzle so constructed as to admit of various attachments by means of rubber hose, socketed stop-cock, &c.; second, in the employment of reversible valve-boxes, both in pump and piston, which maybe taken out and reversed according to the experiment to be tried-z. e., in exhausting or condensing; third, in the adaptation of ordinary glass fruitjars or lamp-chimneys as receivers or hand-glasses, by means of simple devices, as an economical substitute for the more expensive and specific pneumatic vessels.

I use a vertical pump-barrel, F, secured to horizontal arms D D, which connect two vertical standards, 0 (J, rising from the base A BB. The piston-rod z moves in socket w, projecting from the upper bar D of the frame,

rods 00 :0 just above the piston Gr.

of said valve box.)

uponiwhich the pump-handle H is also pivoted, the latter being connected to the piston-rod by To accomplish the first-described. object the pump-barrel is terminal below i'n a nozzle, F screwed upon the end of said barrel, saidl nozzle ending in bulbb, for the purpose of retailiing a rubber hose, or for entering a socket in thestop-cock connection a, used to connect .the'usual jars with said nozzle,

" The nozzle F, as before said, is made to unscrew from the barrel to accomplish the second-described object-viz., for the purpose of reversing the valve f, which is seatedin a removable and reversible box, I, which is screwed into a recess in said nozzle, and provided with air-orifices e ein the cap (1, screwed down upon the said valve f, leaving a concave space, in

which the valve, may work. Such reversion 1s useful 1n experiments in condensed air, in

.which the latter is forced into a condensingchamber, (as P, Fig.8,) and retained by usual stop-cock, (with groundcock). The piston G, in like manner','is fittedwith a similar box and valve, reversible with that in the nozzle when required, (see Fig. 6) for a larger view A For the purpose of raisin and pressi'n the mouth or stop-cock of a vessel (as L,,Fig. 1)

up to the bulb of the nozzle 1), I use the rotary table E, mounted upon the screwain thebase A, by which vessels of 'dili'erent'ele- Yations may beadjus'ted tosaid'noz'zlaas well as the usual table bearing the receiverplate N N, as seen in Fig. 2, which, for the purpose of elevating the receiver toward the eye, may rest upon a pillar, M, having a nipple on its under surface, which fits into a corresponding socket in said rotary table.

The third objectis accomplished, in the case of the use ofa fruit-jar, by using one ot'these which are sold with a screw-cap, it, upon them, whose innerupper edges clasp the cover, holding the same sealed by means of a thread upon the neck of the jar. I modify the cap of this readily-obtained jar (see Fig. 5) by making the cover 'm thick enough to receive a screwsocket for the reception of the stop-cock connection u. (Shown in Fig. 1.) This jar, having a bottom, unusual with the ordinary glass chambers furnished or sold with air-pumps, is thus qualified, by cl.osin g the ground stop-cock, to he removed om, t e p p whe exhau e of air"a particularly useful thing in illustrating the absence of sound in ringing the inclosed bell, as the jar can be handed round forobservation. The adaptation of an ordinarylamp-chimney as an-e'xhaust-chamber is accomplished by providing a disk, q, through which is screwed the threaded stem 1', or-airpassage, of a metal cone or cork, It, provided with rubber ring or packing 1) (see Fig.3) upon its conical surface, which is pressed tightly against the upper tapering interior surface of the chimney by screwing the disk q down upon the chimney'top. A hose, 8, may be then used. to connect the stem 1' with -the nozzle or bulb b of the pump, as well also for connection to the other vessels.

In like manner, the bulb b may be connected with the nozzlet of thereceiver-plate N. The hose will thus prevent the jar or oscillation which is givenby "the pump-handle H to the same, when said plate is connected rigidly with said pump, by which means (t'. the hose 8) all objectionable oscillation is avoided, asfor instance, when liquids are evaporating and crystallization is taking place.

The ad-vantagcspf this pump, connections, and attachments are, first, the pump is so made that it can readily be taken apart,

cleaned and packed, and put together by per- *sons of ordinary skill; second, that-the workin g of each-valve in separate reversible boxes makes 'the'pump an exhauster or condenser, *atpleasure, and protects the valves from derangement, whether used in condensing or in "exhausti 1g-i.e.,with the valves downward or upward third, in its adaptation for many different attachments, as of ordinary fruit-jars, 'lamp-chim'neys, bottles, 850., by means of the hose and other'describ'ed devices, the hose --making the glass vessels comparatively inde-' pendent of the pump; fourth, the advantage in the-use of a fruit-jar as a chamber, having a ground-stopcock, (which holds the exhaustion much longer than similar 'dev-icesof -pneu matic ins-truments,) so thatv the jar can be removed from the pump, as in illustrating the "ringing of bells in vacumboiling water at low.

temperature, experiments on insects without danger of their getting into the air-passages, andthe cheapness and ease with which a broken glass may be replaced from any drug or grocery store; fifth, in not preventing the attachment to the terminalnozzle of the time-honored metal disk N and tube U with the bell-glass.

What I claim as my invention is-- 1. In combination with the nozzle F, the reversible valve-box I and the piston G, with its reversible valve-box I, substantially as and for the purposes described. v

' 2. The valve-box I in the nozzle, when provided with a screw-cap 0r valve-cover, d, and inclosed valve, so constructed as to be reversible, for exhausting or condensing, in connection with a corresponding valve-box in the piston, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, by means of the bulb b of the nozzle F, with the socket h of the pipe t of the pneumatic receiver-plate N, with its table N", by which the receiver plate is readily attachable to and detachable from said nozzle F.

4. The combination, by'means of bulb b and socket h, of the nozzle F, the pipe 25, the metal disk of the ordinary air-pump, and the-rotary table E, substantially as and for the. purposes described.

5.As an attachment to an-air-pump,the fruit-jar L, of awell-known form--.-t'. 0., having a screw-thread around its neck, an outer 3 screw-cap, n, in combination with a cover, m, :provided with a screw-socket to receive the stop-cock connection u, substantially as and for the purposes described. I

' 6. The combination, with the nozzle F, of

Y the hose s, pipe 1, provided with thread toreceive "the disk q. cork K, provided with the rubber packing 10, glass Q,'and disk q.

In testimony that I claim the abovedescribed improvement-in air-pumps and attachments, I have hereunto set my handthisdth J OHN H. ELLIS.

day of March, 1875.

Witnesses:

ANDREW RUNSTETTOR, JAMES M. Mouse.

Images