US1687879A - Forming ways or ducts in plastic material - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 16, 1928. 1,687,879

T. E. MURRAY FORMING WAYS OR DUCTS IN PLASTIC MATERIALS Filgd Aug. 19, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 g-mwntoz 7710 7/67 5 5. Murray MQM Gum/mm;

T; E. MURRAY FORMING WAYS-0R DUCTS IN PLASTIC IA'I'ER'IALS Oct. 16, 1928.

Filedjug. 19, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 2 Sammie; 760/7745 5 Murray similar Patented Oct. 16, 1928.

unites sT 'rnomasn. MURRAY, or BROQKLYN, new YORK.

FORMING WAYS-OR DUCTS IN PLASTIC MATERIAL. I

Application filed Aug'ust 19, 1925; Serial No. SL249.

My invention aims to provide methods and apparatus tor forming ducts or raceways in floors or other structures of concrete or other plastic inatcriahsuch as are commonly use-d for laying Wires'oi' pipes ina building. The accompanying: drawingsillustrate embodiments of the invention.--

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are ve 'ti'cal sections through a floor-illustrating; ditl'erfencesin detail Figs. & and 5 are respectively a side elevation and plan of an apparatus for applying the process;

Fig. 6 illustrates in perspective a floor g'rooved'by the process of 5 with a device for forming an outlet to the ceiling below;

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate supplementary dc vices used in moloing a crossing'and an out- I c p I Fig. 9 illustrates the work done" by. these devices; r 7

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a device for forming a junction box; and

Figs. 11 and-12 are cross-sections showing the invention applied to the making of ducts in blocks of concrete.

In building; a floor, a slab 1 of strong con crete is first placed On this is a fillil ofmoist Cinders or ofcomparatirely Weak cinder concrete; on the top of ivhich is another slab'S ofstrong' concrete.

I propose to make ducts in sucha floor by forming grooves in the top. of the cinder till with a lining 5 or". line concrete: or other durable material. The implication of the layer 3 of concrete above closes the grooves to form a conduit. Where a circul'arconduit is desired I propose to lay in the groove a core 1, Fig. 10, of high grade rubber on Whicl the'layer of concrete Zis poured. .Vheirthe latter has hardened, the core will endwise, contractinqit in cross-section so as to release it from the surrounding}; concrete and to permit its Withdrawal. At crossings or other outlet points, an outlet box may be formed similarto that shown in Fig. 3 comprising; a vertical cylindrical recess 6 communicating with the conduits which are indicated as a Whole at 7 and with an enlarged cylindrical portion 8 at the upper end. Such an outlet box may be formed for example by means of a core (Fig. 10) having a reduced lower portion 9 and a larger upper portion 10. Theends of the duct cores 6 abut this box core. The concrete being hardened, the box core is Withdrawn and the duct cores 6 can be pulled endwise throughthe opening. 7

the upper slab 3 of concrete.

' down to the ceilin; at 12.

, slightly moistened cement or mixture.

- thin layer on top on the centering device. 1

and belowbe pulled v the same asin Fig. 6', and having Another way of completing the duct is shown in Fig. 2; A plate 11 is laid. over the 'QTOOVQ formedjwith the'lining 5, and supports In this connection I have shown an opening or outlet box I 7 Metal anchors 13 are embedded in the ceiling adjacent to the opening 1'2 to'support a lighting or similar fixture and are grounded to the beams as shown. V 5

The groove can be rapidly and economically made in the cinder concreteby-means of a roller 14 (Figs. 1 and 5) having a periphery of the desired shape in cross-section and a handle 15' by which it is pulled across the cinder in the desired line; the roller having weight enough to press the cinder into the desired grooved shape. \Vhere a lining of concrete is desired to the groove, a hopper 16 is handle in front of the roller, carryingdry or Aflat roller 17 travels just behindthe opened lower end of the'hopper and spreads cement in a of the cinder; I Then when reinforce the wall of fastened to the the heavy roller 14 advances, it presses out the cement layer and the cinder below to form a a cement-lined groove as in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 shows the top of the bed of cinder concrete groovedwith linings 5 of cement.

To provide an outlet to the ceiling below, a 5

pointed iron rod 18 is used with handles 19. By putting; sufiicient'pressure on this 'ancl turningit'back and forth, it" may be forced through the cinder and drilled through the concrete slab 1.

I Fig. 7 illustrates the making of an outlet box at a' crossing with openings both iabove. 7 At the intersection atool (Fig. 8) is used havinga shank. 18 and handles 19, at a proper height a cylindrical portion "20 of the desired diameter. First, a metal oenoering device or guide is used comprising troughs 21 (Fig. 7) with flanges 22 at the top" connected across the corners by Webs 23; with acircular opening at the center in which the part 20 I of the tool fits.

This serves to center the tool and at the same time to guard against injury to the corners of the concrete. ing form is laid in the grooves with linings 5, after which the tool of Fig. .8 is thrust down into the concrete in the manner previously described. V

Fig. 7 shows also the use of a simple rod 18 for making an outlet in the ceiling below,

The concretit to locate the tool 18 and to prevent breaking the edges of the concrete therewith.

After these operations, the forming devices will be removed, leaving the top ot the cinder bed as in Fig. 9. Thereupon the core 9l0 (Fig. 10 will be set in the central opening 2st and the cores A abutted against it and laid in the desired lines. The top layer of concrete 8 will then be applied and the rubber cores withdravm as above described.

The invention may be applied in many other structures than lloors and without the reinforcing lining 5. Figs. ll and 12 for-example illustrate tl'ie making oi? a hollow reinforced block of con First a slab ot concrete is laid in a mold 26. While the concrete is still soft, a heavy or weighted roller 27 is drawn along the top of it and forms a semi-circular groove 28 (Fig. 12). Reinforcing Wires or rods 29 are also laid on the top of the slab. Arubber or similar removable core is laid in the groove 28 and a second slab 3-0 is cast thereon and preferably pressed down and smoothed by a flat roller 31 drawn over the top. The rubber core forms the semi-circular upper portion 32 of the duct. Or the groove 28 may he covered in various other Ways to form a closed duct, using either a removable core or support for the upper concrete or a permanent support such as the plate 11 in Fig. 2, which may be of various shapes in cross section. The

' groove 28 may be lined with line cement or concrete if desired. And in all the constructions described, other materials than cement or concrete may be used for the lining of the groove. Where dry cement is used, the water in the cinder fill unites with it and makes the lining practically integral with the material below. 3

The outlets into the floor above may be closed with a thin plug leveled oil. with the floor and made of plaster or other easily removable material.

The same scheme may be applied to the making of conduits in other locations. Street conduits, for example, may be made in this way, the soft earth, generally moist, being substantially theequiva'lent of the cinder fill and other plastic materials referred to. The apparatus of Fig. 4- Will form a groove in the earth and line it, after which it may be covered by any of the methods above de scribed. v

v In Figs. 1 and 2- I have shown, the grooves formed for a depth equal to the entire diameter oi the proposed duct. In the other figures I have shown the groove formed to a depth of only. halt thediameter. In the lat, ter case the superposed layer will enclose the upper half oi the duct as in Fig. 12, for ex ample.

Various modifications oi" the described embodiments may be made without deo'artin'g from the invention asdelined in the following claims.

What I claimis 1. In the making a floor containing a layer of comparatively poor plastic material, the method of forming grooves in said material which consists in applying a comparatively rich plastic material to the top of said layer and passing over the same a roller hav ing a'periphery of the desired cross-section of the grooveand pressed down sufliciently to force the comparatively rich material down into the comparatively poor material and to form a groove lined with such comparatively rich material. V 3

2. The method of making ducts in plasticmaterial Whichconsists in providing a bed of comparatively poor material laying a Coating thereon of richer material, forming a groove in a coated portion of said bed with a lining of such richermaterial andapplying a second bed of material above-the first to close said groove andform a duct.

3. In the making of a floor or the like or plastic material, the method of forming Ways therein which consists in applying "permanent limng material thereon and presslngthe .lining material andthe supporting plastic.

material at the same time to form them into a grooved shape.

l. In the forming o'tways inplastic mav terial, the method which comprises. apply-1 ing a plastic lining material to a plastic tou ndation material and pressing both such ma terials at the same time to form them into a grooved shape. f I: I In Witness whereof, I havehereunto signed my name.

THOMAS E. MURRAY.

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