US168765A - Improvement in methods of drying and burning bricks - Google Patents
Improvement in methods of drying and burning bricks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US168765A US168765A US168765DA US168765A US 168765 A US168765 A US 168765A US 168765D A US168765D A US 168765DA US 168765 A US168765 A US 168765A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- air
- drying
- improvement
- burning
- kiln
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 18
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
- C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
- C04B35/465—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
- C04B35/468—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates
- C04B35/4682—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates based on BaTiO3 perovskite phase
Definitions
- My invention consists in the introduction of ozonized air, produced by the electrizin-g of atmospheric air, into the kiln, for the purpose of aiding in the process of burning, or of drying and burning, the bricks or other Wares therein contained.
- One method of carrying my invention into practice is as follows: In connection with any ordinary kiln for burning bricks, I arrange a pipe or system of pipes to enter the interior of the kiln, by means of which ozonized air is introduced into the presence of the brick or other wares while undergoing. the process of drying or burning.
- the pipe or pipes may be forced or conveyed through the pipe or pipes by means of an air-pump, pressureblower, or other apparatus for propelling air, and the air may be acted upon by electricity supplied from a battery or other apparatus for exciting and accumulating electricity; or the pipes or other means of conveyance between the air'propeller and the interior of the kiln may contain metals of different oxidizable qualities, combined and arranged in such a manner as to generate electricity by the friction caused by the air passing over them while in transit, and before it enters the kiln.
- the chief agent in my process is the ozone, occasioned, as before mentioned, by electrizing the oxygen of the air.
- the effect of ozone is the ozone, occasioned, as before mentioned, by electrizing the oxygen of the air.
- I claim as my invention The improvement in theart of drying and burning bricks and other wares and materials, consisting of the introduction of electrized air,
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFEIoE.
- AUGUSTUS MORAND, OF GERMANTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.
IMPROVEMENT IN METHODS OF DRYING AND BURNING BRICKS, 8:0.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,765, dated October 11, 1875; application filed December 15, 1873.
CASE B.
Brooklyn, New York, have invented an Improvement in the Art of Drying and Burning Bricks and other Wares, of which the following is a specification:
My invention consists in the introduction of ozonized air, produced by the electrizin-g of atmospheric air, into the kiln, for the purpose of aiding in the process of burning, or of drying and burning, the bricks or other Wares therein contained.
One method of carrying my invention into practice is as follows: In connection with any ordinary kiln for burning bricks, I arrange a pipe or system of pipes to enter the interior of the kiln, by means of which ozonized air is introduced into the presence of the brick or other wares while undergoing. the process of drying or burning. be forced or conveyed through the pipe or pipes by means of an air-pump, pressureblower, or other apparatus for propelling air, and the air may be acted upon by electricity supplied from a battery or other apparatus for exciting and accumulating electricity; or the pipes or other means of conveyance between the air'propeller and the interior of the kiln may contain metals of different oxidizable qualities, combined and arranged in such a manner as to generate electricity by the friction caused by the air passing over them while in transit, and before it enters the kiln.
It is well known that theelect-rizing of air,
' or the charging it with electricity, has the effect of generating ozone or oxygen in active state, so that air which becomes charged with electricity becomes consequently charged with ozone. It is also well known that a current of electricity, when its circuit is broken, or when it passes through an imperfect conductor, produces heat; and of these properties I propose to avail myself, but do not confine myself to the use of electrized air only for heating purposes, but use it in connection with the heat obtained from the ordinary combustion of fuel neither do I desire to limit my- The air so introduced may self to the kind of apparatus which is employed to generate or apply electricity, or in i the method of introducing air charged with it into the kiln, as such may be made the subject of future applications.
The chief agent in my process is the ozone, occasioned, as before mentioned, by electrizing the oxygen of the air. The effect of ozone,
through its powerful oxidizing properties, is
to greatly improve the color of the brick, and such other wares as derive their color from oxide of iron as a constituent of the clay, in. consequence of the more effectual oxidation thereof, and by the same property the combustion in the kiln is rendered more vivid, and the heat consequently intensified. The
' electricity with which the airis charged, while forming in itself the means of generating the ozone, has also an independent action on the contents of the kiln, and from its passage or circulation through the substance of the wares, produces heat, and thus acts as an auxiliary to the calorific effect of the ordinary furnaces.
By the use of electricity and ozone in the kiln, the air within the same is rarefied, and the gases which result from imperfectconibustion of the fuel, and retard the process of burning, are more effectually consumed, thereby producing a more perfect combustion, and intensifying the heat to that state of incan dcsceuce necessary for the proper burning of the brick or other material under treatment.
I claim as my invention The improvement in theart of drying and burning bricks and other wares and materials, consisting of the introduction of electrized air,
or of air charged with ozone, into the interior of the kiln, for the purpose of intensifying the combustion therein, and of heightening the color of the brick, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
M AUGS. MORAND. Witnesses:
CHARLES M. HIGGINS, ARTHUR O. FRASER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US168765A true US168765A (en) | 1875-10-11 |
Family
ID=2238174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US168765D Expired - Lifetime US168765A (en) | Improvement in methods of drying and burning bricks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US168765A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030219898A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-11-27 | Kiminobu Sugaya | Novel mammalian multipotent stem cells and compositions, methods of preparation and methods of administration thereof |
-
0
- US US168765D patent/US168765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030219898A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-11-27 | Kiminobu Sugaya | Novel mammalian multipotent stem cells and compositions, methods of preparation and methods of administration thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4048026B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for incineration and vitrification of waste, especially radioactive waste | |
| US1443091A (en) | Christian petersen | |
| US3250643A (en) | Method for decoating utilizing a heated fluidized bed | |
| US168765A (en) | Improvement in methods of drying and burning bricks | |
| ES368560A1 (en) | Improvements in or relating to the production of sponge iron | |
| GB1111411A (en) | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of titanium dioxide | |
| US1847527A (en) | Combustion-arc process | |
| US1238011A (en) | Sheet-heating furnace. | |
| US3632979A (en) | Converter for producing controlled atmosphere for heat treating | |
| US684296A (en) | Electric furnace. | |
| US1244863A (en) | Blast-heater. | |
| US443464A (en) | Process of manufacturing steel-coated wire | |
| US1556260A (en) | Construction and operation of tunnel kilns | |
| US1443439A (en) | Process and apparatus for introducing electric energy into a space of action | |
| US239394A (en) | maxim | |
| US1071303A (en) | Apparatus for burning cement. | |
| US417943A (en) | James burgess readman | |
| US2181094A (en) | Metallurgical process | |
| GB720359A (en) | Process and apparatus for carbonising iron and iron alloys | |
| US676576A (en) | Electrode connection for electric furnaces. | |
| US596704A (en) | Process of and apparatus for utilizing waste products of blast-furnaces | |
| US799189A (en) | Producing wrought-iron sponge. | |
| US900345A (en) | Method of bessemerizing copper matte. | |
| US659029A (en) | Combustion process. | |
| US854342A (en) | Manufacture of hydraulic cement. |