US1680127A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Filed Oct. 31, 1924 I a Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR. 64111.4 WBfifl/VDT BY Q/M 2.1- ATTORNEY.

C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Aug. 7, 1928. 680,127

Filed 001:. 31, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 7a,, ATTORNEY.

Aug. 7, 1928.

C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Filed Oct. 31, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 O O O O O O O O O O O 0752. A. I4. .BfiJ/VDZ' INVEN TOR.

fi a A TTORNEY.

Fatented Aug. 7.192s.

T F m cARL'A. W. BRAND'r,oF ennarnncx, NEW YORK, nssrenon ro THE SUPERHEATER v I COMPANY, for new YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.-

V BOILER.

Application filed October 31, 1924. Serial No..747,032.

My invention relates to water tube boilers and particularly to boilers of this class which are to be used with pressure s of the order [of a thousand pounds or more per square inch. While of special utility in connection with such pressures its use is not restricted to. them.

The object of my invention is to provide a boiler of the type spokenofwhich'shall I be inexpensive to manufacture, and safe and economical tooperate and maintain.

. Two forms of my inventive idea are de scribed in what follows and areiillustrated in the accompanyingshects of drawings,

.wherc Fig. 1 is acompositeview, theright half being. a front elevat-ion of the. boiler and he left half a' sectionon the line 11 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; Fig. 2 isa central sectional view at right angles to Fig. l; and Fig." 3 shows a modification, the left-half being a front elevation and the right half a vertical central section.

. r I shall first describe fully the form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 and;2.

The fuel for heating the boiler according ,to this formis burned on grates 1 1 in the lower part of the space enclosed by housing 2. Above the grates is the furnace3 and the combustion space 4. It will be understood from what follows that if desired the fur-v nace may be designed for burning other fuels, such as pulverized coal, oil, or gas,

inwhich case the grates will be replaced by suitable burners, the heating surface of the boiler is-located at each side of the comw bustion space and isso arranged-that said space has the shape of an A'or an inverted V, being widest at the bottom and narrow- .i'ng. progressively to a point at the top.

The heating surface of the boiler comprises straight 1 tubes whose ends are secured in juxtaposed headers. These headersare arranged adjacent to. the left and right walls.

of .theboiler setting, asviewed in Fig. 2,

or frontand back walls as seen in Fig. 1.-

.. Eachheader rectangular in cross-section and is made up in one or moresections as required, the headers connected by the tubes ,neare st the fire, ,for example, comprising ,;three; sections. Three such sections are {shown ata, b, and 0, respectively, at the left half of Fig. 1. Itr will be understoodthat theepartsof the right half of Fig. 1, are symmetricalwith those, shown in the left throughv them.

" and i.

In each case, the several sections making up a header are interconnected by means of nipples, as at 5 5.

The headers respectively opposite those shown in Fig. 1, i. e.'those, at the forward ends of the water tubes as seen in that figure, are arranged in generally corresponding positions but somewhat lower. This will be clear from an inspection of Fig. 2. The

water tubes 6-6 as a result, have an upward slope from oneset of headers to the other set. The. purpose in sloping the tubes is to facilitate the water circulation through them and to permit an easier escapefor the steam formed in the tubes. The headers at the left (Fig. 2) act as down-comers, those at the r1ght having an upward flow of water through them.

The water tubes connecting the headers a, b, and 0, with the opposite headers are ex posed not only to convection of the gases passing over them, but also to the intense radiant heat of the furnace. It is therefore imperative that they should have an adequate and certain supply of water circulating Similarly, the mixture of steam and water which it is necessary to take off at the opposite ends of these tubes is'large. 3 Itis for this'reason that additional or supplementary circulating headers are provided. These are shown at g, h l, g, h, The sections 9,11,, and '5 are nippled together as shown, andnear their upper ends,

at is and m, the sections 9 and h are nippled to a and 6; while near their lower ends, at p, g, and r the sections 9, h, and z" are nippledto the sections opposite a, b, and a. The sections 9 and 9 have sections and j nippled to them, these two sections 9' and j lying adjacent and parallel to the setting wall and being connected with the water tubes 7; It will be understood that the right half of" the boiler :is correspondingly equippedwith such supplementary circulation headers. g p

The upper'part of the space between the sec nd a d fifth rows-of tubes is occupied The top of the boiler is covered by a partition 19, resting on the uppermost boiler and economizer tubes. r g

Theac'tion of the boileris as follows. The 'fuel burning on grates 1" and in" combustion space 4 generates hot" gases which-travel toward stack connections 17-18, sweeping is not limited to-this form nor to thisfprecise location. For illustrative, purposes the superheater is shown as composed of two headers, 8 and 9, and a series of tubular superheating elements or units 10 10, whose ends are connected totlie' hea d'ersi- The pipe 9 connects the steam drum 14 to the superheater inlet'header 9-, and 8 shows the outlet for the superheated steam.

From the top ends of the uppermost headerf sections, tubes ]i1' 11' and I2-I2 extend, the former connected to a crossbox' 1 3, and the latter to the druml ll The cross-box. 13 is connect-ed to the drum 14: by means of a set of pipes 15 i Itwill again be understood that the superheater and the'pi'pesll', 12 and 15' have their counter arts in the other half of the boiler.

In ac dit'ion to the sectional headers and thetubes above mentioned there are further tubes and headers located more remotely. from the furnace; and constituting an economizer. Some of these headers are seen at AA; and tubes connecting those shown to corresponding ones opposite them are seen at 16' 16. willbe understood that these econormzer headers and tubes are so connectedup with each other and with the waterj supply to the boilerthat the: water flows immaterial and no detailed-showing seems called for.

Stack co nnectrons ar'e shown at 17 and over the boiler, superheater, and economizer surfaces; From theformand disposition of the parts a natural contraction of the area a of the gas path occurs about proportional to 1 the contraction whichthe gases experience 1 as they surgtaces. V a a The water flows downward through the headers shown at the left in Fig. 2, toward the right through the water tubes 6,- upward? through the: headers at the right and the tubes 11 into box '13, through circulating pipes 15 to the drum :14 and thence through tubes 12 back to the headers at'the left. The steam generated is carried by pi e 9 to the superheater by which it is delivered in a" beIca-rsuperheated state to the outlet 8 to rie'd' to the point of consumption.

The principal advantages of my boiler form of the headers.

are cooled by the heat absorbing will be readily seen by those"- skfil ledin this art. Among these advantages the following may be pointed out:

Throughout the boiler only straight-tubes are used. Large drums, which "are very expensive for high pressures, are avoided a,

ti-rely. A comparatively large .lproportion The headers to which the water tubesare secured are sectional and of forged steehrol lefd" steel, or cast'fs'teeh The decrease in the gas area about prepertreeal to the decrease in the specific gas volume is maintenanee: under accomplished" without resort'. to any bathing,

which is alwaysexpensiveto "install and.

maintain- The fact that there are no-re versa'ls in the gas flo'wj cuts down the draft losses. The superheater vrs' arranged close enough to. the furnace to fLIIIllSll the high against any excessive radiant othertheat by the interpositionof water-cooler? surfaces.

The tubes are so arranged that with respect to the direction of gas fiow they are staggerechand this is feasibiein myboiler without the necessity of complicating the V In the form of my 3, it will be noted attheoutset that; while thegeneral disposition of the furnace 'a nd boiler surfaces is like that-in the form first described, the headers to whichthe' beiler.

tubes are connected are' here-iplacefdin a vertical position. Those at the-farther'side' (as viewed the figure)' are lowerthanthe ones atthe front so that thetu'beseonneeting boiler shown in Fig.

degree of super-heat which modern engineering demands, and yet is suliici'ently protected 4 the two sets have the slope reqtrii'edfor eircul ation'. The headers increase pre res sively in length aswe go from' the center of the'bo'iler' outward, and theyar'e ma'dief sectional for convenience, these sections being superheatei elements lying generally parallel to the inclined sidesof the combustion-space and being separated from it by a limited number of the water tubes: H

No' auxiliary means are shown? in this ification for insuringsufiicient water circuas many in number as required forfpur'poses 0f manufa cture or as thought-'de'sirab'lea A space is) left for the superheater 10; the

lation, butrsiiehnieainsi may be provided if V desired; V v At the side viewstaa mascara as the; Fig.3, the brick trail is suewmprotected by a water screen, the pipes 30 of which are connected at their upper ends to the boiler headers, and at their lower ends to the screen header 31. This header 31 is in communication with the water space of the The operation of this form is very similarto that of theform first described, anddoes not appear to call for further statement.

' What Iclaim is: 1

1. In a boiler of the class described the combination of a boiler setting, a furnace in the lower part of the setting, substantially horizontal boiler tubes extending across the boiler space and arranged in two unbaffled "substantially triangular. groups with the points of the triangles down defining an inverted V-shaped combustion space immediately above the furnace with said boiler tube groups adjacent to the space, headers at opposite ends of the tubes to which the tubes are secured, the headers at one end being in a higher position than those at the other end, whereby the tubes have a slight upward slope, a drum above the lower set of headers, a box above the higherset of head'- ers, and tubes connecting the lower headers to the drum, the drum to the box, and the box to the upper headers, and a connection to the stack from each of the upper outer corners of the triangular spaces. a

2. In a boiler of the class described, the combination of a boiler setting, a furnace in the lower partof the setting, substantially horizontal boiler tubes extending across the boiler spaceand arranged in two unbafiled triangular groups with the points of the triangles down defining an inverted V-shaped combustion space immediately above the furnace with said boiler tube groups adjacent to the space, a free space being left within each tube group parallel to the side of the triangle facing the combustion space and separated from it by one or more rows of water tubes, headers at opposite ends of the tubes to which the tubes are secured, the headers at one end being in a higher position than those at the other end, whereby the tubes have a slight upward slope,

blow oil pipes adjacent to the lower ends of the headers and connected to them, adrum above the lower set of headers, a box above the higher set, tubes connecting the lower headers to the drum, the drum to the box,

and the box to the upper headers, a connection to the stack from each of the upper outer corners of the triangular spaces, additional substantially horizontal water tubes below the points of the triangles and adjacent to the walls to form water-screens, end headers to which these tubes are connected, and superheaters in said free spaces.

CARL A. W. BRANDT.

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