US1679874A - Feeding device for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1928.

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 7,1?28.

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 23, 1924 Aug. 7, 1928. Q 1,679,874

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 25. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 H9 5. Iiq. 6'..

44 4 4, fzfib Aug. 7, 1928. 1,679,874

A.PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 23. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 yg qg 9 2 11 lll d ll

fill

Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

TED STATES .AN'TON PASTRIEAK, 01f VELKlll EUNUI'KEE, GQEGHOHLGVAKIA.

application nlert butcher at, rear, tterial No.

The invention relates to an improvement in feeding devices for furnaces and is particularly designed as an improvement over my former Patent No. 1 557322, dated Uctoher so, teas.

The essential feature of the invention consists in that the fuel, instead of being discharged adjacent the front wall of the furnace or boiler as has been the case, is discharged into the proximity of the fire bridge, and pushed and spread towards the front wall of the boiler by means of spreaders. Afurther im rovement consists in the special design of t e bucket wherein the fuel is conve ed to the grate, as well as in the fitting o" an agitator for loosening any clinkers that may be present.

The stroke of the spreaders is adjustable in order to be able to vary the height of the fuel layer. The scraped-off clinlrer and the ash drop into a common clinker pit the bottom of which is fitted with a hinged grate, whereby the fuel residue that may be still unburned continues to burn, thus aiding the combustion within the furnace proper. fly a special driving mechanism the number of fuel discharges within a given time can be varied.

Tn the drawings- Fig. l is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section through the furnace showing the feeding mechanism in connection therewith; I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary top plan, partly in section;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the driving mechanism with the casing shown in section;

Fig. l is a view of a detail;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a detail shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sect-ion on the line ti-ti of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7-l' of Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal section through the party of the feed ing mechanism located at the outer end of the furnace; and

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in ig. 8, parts being broken away and shown in section.

the fuel and for loosening the rat-rare, and in Germany November til, reaa hit igkrIk-ate members 2, the front fire plate 3 ande 'fire bridge 27.

To the free hack end of the frame 8 within which are mounted the spreaders, ll there 1s fitted a tilting bucket or receptacle mounted within the frame by means of pins 29. The rods l2 actuating the spreaders ll and running along both sides of the 'rame engage'the bucket in the manner of a crank and swing it over simultaneously with the spreaders ll. An additional spreader 30 is connected to the bucket Pitt and'ertends toward the the bridge Q7 where 1t rests upon the fire plate 3, when the frame 8 is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2, so as to completely scrape the fuel off of said plate.

Above the bucket t8 there is furthermore fitted to the frame 8 a trellis-lilre cross wall 32 supported by brackets 31, which prevents the fuel from fire bridge. Moreover the bucket 28, at the end remote from the fire bridge, is fitted with rollers 33. Underneath the bucket an agitator 35 is mounted withinthe frame by means of braclrets 3t, and serves for stirring clinlrer. The shaft of the agitator 35 projects beyond the frame on both sides and is provided with supporting rollers 86 which serve for the guidance of the entire frame 8.

'l 7ithin the front spreader ll a guide roller 3'? is mounted which rests on the front tire plate 3 when the frame is in its forward position. When the frame 8 is withdrawn from the furnace the roller 3i? rolls on a traclr 38 having a series of inclines 92 and 94 and an intermediate elevation 93 which efiect the simultaneous rais lid being thrown out beyond the ing, at intervals, of all the spreaders ll,

in the direction of the arrow 1 (Figure 1), together with the bucket 28, said spreaders and bucket being connected by means of the rods 12.

The elevation 93 is adjustable in heightv roe [manner to be fully described later. Likewisesupporting rollers 26 are fitted to the front part of the frame 8, which rest on the fixed rails and allow a reciprocating movement of the frame over the rails.

Furthermore the front end of the frame 8 is, b means of a clamping device, attached to a c ain 46 running over two fixed chain wheels 47. On the shaft of the chain wheel 47 remote from the furnace there is mounted a worm wheel 48 meshing with a worm 49. On to the front end of the worm shaft there is keyed a bevel gear 50 arranged. midway between two other bevel gears 51 and 52. These latter gears are loosely, that is, freely rotatableon the driving shaft proper 53 and are fitted with opposing clutch members 54 and 55.

Between the gears 51 and 52 a clutch collar 56 is mounted by means of a spline and move, and turns with the shaft and is at t e same time longitudinally slidable thereon. A ulle 57 is mounted on one end of the driving s aft 53 and driven from a suitable source of power (not shown) for operating the entire mechanism.

The collar 56 is fitted midway with an annular groove which is engaged by a pin 58. This pin is fixed to an arm 59 pivoted to the shaft 60. On this shaft there is also mounted a double-armed lever 61, the pin 58 engaging, with its other end, a longitudinal slot of the lever 61. At its upper end this lever is fitted with a slide shoe 63 within which is arranged a counterweight 64 capable-of a reciprocatin movement.

The lower arm 0 the lever 61 engages a fork 65 operated b a rod 66 to rock the lever 61 in either irection about its pivot whereby the pin 58 actuates the collar 56 to enga e either of the clutch members 54 or with the gear 51 or with the gear 52, so that the gear 50 is driven in the desired direction. This movement is directly transmitted to the worm 49 actuating the worm wheel 48. The chain wheel 47 will then turn either in one or in the other direction according to whether the gear 51 or the gear 52 has been engaged, and according to whether the frame 8 connected with the chain 46 is to be introduced into, or to be withdrawn from the furnace.

When the frame 8 abuts against the projection 67 on the rod 66 the latter is carried along some distance with the forward or outward movement of the frame, thereby disengaging the gears so that the frame remains withdrawn from the furnace. The connection of the chain drive for the introduction of the frame into the furnace is effected by an automatic device of special desi T is regulating device consists of a ratchet wheel 69 which is engaged by a pawl 70 connected, on one side, with a radial arm 71 and on the other side with a rod 72. Apart from its normal teeth the ratchet wheel possesses two larger teeth 96 and 97.

The rod 72 is eccentrically pivoted to a disc 73 receiving its movement from a worm 74 and worm wheel 75 mounted on the driving shaft 53. j By the reciprocating movement of the rod 72 the pawl 70 is made to rotate the ratchet wheel 69. Fixed to the ratchet wheel there is a disc 76 with a flat edge portion. 'Against the disc 76 constantly abuts the upper arm of the lever 61. As long as the round part of the disc 76 engages the lever 61 the clutch device including the members 54 and 55 remains inactive, so that during thisperiod the feeding device remains stationary outside the furnace. As soon however as with the rotation of the disc 76 the flattened part ofthis disc comes into contact with the lever, the counter-weight 64 comes into action. The lever 61 is thereupon swung over which results in a shifting of the collar 56 towards the gear 51-, so that the latter iscoupled up to the main shaft and actuates the gear 50 together with the entire feeding device.

This movement continues until the frame 8 hits the projection 68 of the rod 66, whereupon the fork swings the lever 61 in such a manner that the collar 56 is disengaged from the gear 51 and engages the gear 52, so that an immediate return movement of the frame ensues.

Every time the collar 56 engages the gear 51 to rotate it, the frame 8 is pushed into the furnace, and fresh fuel fed to the grate, the bucket 28 into which the fuel is poured through the charge-box 19 tilting at the limit of its movement, as heretofore described, and dischar ing the fuel close to the fire bridge 27. ll of the spreaders 11 as well as the bucket 28 remain in the upper horizontal positionuntil the lower hooked extremities of the arms 41, which extremities are at this time engaged with the cross bar 42, are disengaged from said bar by contact of the extensions 43 of said arms with the stationary rollers 44. This contact causes a lifting of the arms 41 to the position shown in Figs. 1 to 8, thereby releasing said bar 42, whereupon all the spreaders 11 as well as the bucket 28 simultaneously tilt downward owing to their own weight.

After this tiltin the frame 8 abuts against the projections o the rod 66 so that with the aid of the fork 65 the movement is reversed, and the frame withdrawn from the furnace. On this withdrawal the-spreader 30 of the bucket 28 will carry along the whole of the fuel charge from the fire plate 3 over a certain distance, thereby completely emptying the plate 3 in readiness for the next charge. The spreaders 11 rest on the lli lllll omere- %rate 9, cleaning and scraping it during this aclr movement and freeing it from any have baked on. When the ro er 87 has carried the last out the spreaders ll over the first part 92 oil th'e traclr 38, all of the spreaders 11 as well as the buclret 98 will partially and simultaneously swing upward, and be lifted trom the grate. i i The spreaders it remain in this raised position throu hout the whole period during which the rol er 8? peritorms its outward movement over the horizontal part 93 ot the clinlrer that may l traclr, and spread and flatten thetuel lying on the grate. As the part 98 can be adjusted to varying heights by means of a spindle and. hand wheel 39, the height of the fuel layer can thereby be. regulated.

, Un continuin its movement the roller 3'? reaches the inc ine 9t whereby all oi? the spreaders ll are swung into their uppermost position where they are out of contact with the luel, remaining in this position during the liurther withdrawal of the frame.

When the spreadersll. are thus actuated rods 12 are shifted and the hoolred ends ot lll til till

the arms all. will again engage the cross bar 4th oil the rods l9 and ha them in this positime together with the spreader-s ill and the buclret 28. x Y

As soon as the buclret 28 with its roller has reached the hinged bottom of the chargingbon l9, it moves this bottom about its pivot and is thereby tilled with fresh ltuel. The trams 8 remains in this position outside ol the furnace tor a prolonged period and is thus allowed sutlicient time to cool down, and as it remains within the furnace over a comparatively short period it escapes damage from the heat owing to the protracted cooling. I

Although on its withdrawal from the turnace the ltrame 8 has abutted against the outer projection 87 ot the rod 88, and disengaged the lever 811 by means of the lorlr 85, no coupling-up can be elilected for the urpose ct reintroducing the lrame into the lturnace, inasmuch as the round part of the disc 78 is in contact with the lever 81. This coupling-up, as already mentioned belore, is not possible unless the flattened part of the disc 78 is in contact with the lever 61, permitting a shitting oil this lever towards the gear til.

in order to be able to regulate the travel ol the frame 8 into the furnace, and'to let the trams perltorm this travel in certain in tervals of time only, a segment 77 is fitted to the shalt oil the ratchet wheel 69, which may be adjusted into various positions by hand by' means of the arm 78, and fixed in any of these positions by a pin. The upper edge oil the segment 'll' projects beyond'the normal teeth oil the ratchet wheel so that the pawl 'l'tl glides on the circumference of the segment. The larger teeth 96and 97 project beyond the edge of the segment. I

The pawl 'ZO'engages the edge of the segment 77, and has a regular engagement with the ratchet wheel 69 which engagement is periodically shortened'as follows. The pawl 70, on hitting the edge oi the segment 77, is disengaged from the ratchet with which it has meshed and continues to glide idly over the circumference of said segment 77.. Accordingly, the ratchet wheel 89 has performed a smallerrotation than would correspond tothe travel of the pawl 70 and ponsequently the rotation of the ratchet wheel and of the cam disc 78 is slowed down so that the frame 8 remains outside the fur nace at a standstill for an appreciable period. Only when the pawl 70 engages one oi the larger teeth 96, 97 will the ratchet wheel 69 perform a correspondingly greater rotation without interruption. Now the teeth 98 and 97 are arranged at such a point oi the wheel that whenever the pawl 'Z 0 engages the tooth 98 the cam disc 76 is swung with its flattened part toward the lever 61, whereas when engaging the other tooth 97 the fiattened part of the disc 76 is moved away from the lever 81. The teeth 96, 97' serve to adjust precisely the flattened part of the disc 76 in relation to the lever til, while the tooth 97 effects a quiclr and sudden change oi? the lever 81 from its coupling position.

Consequently by adjusting the segment l? the duration of the interruption of the reciprocating movement of the trams 8 may be regulated according to circumstances, whereby it is also possible to regulate the fuel charges on the grate.

The worm wheel driven by the worm 74: on the driving shaft 53 is connected with the chain wheel 79. by means of the chain 80, drives a gear 81. By this gear a shaft 83 running in bearings 82 underneath the frame guide is rotated. The shaft 83 is connected with a conveyor worm sa running underneath the grate 2 and serving toremove the dropping ash from the ash pit.

As shown in Figs. 6 and 8 the lower part of the fire tube forming the ash pit and through which the worm 84 extends can be reduced in size in order to allow a thorough removal of the ash by the worm. The outer end ot the worm 84 extends into a box 85 having lateral openings 86.

The ash, after being pressed into this box, drops through the lateral openings into the ash and clinker pit 87 the bottom of which is fitted with a grate 88. The pit is in direct communication with the front part oi the furnace, and the clinkers scraped oil by the last of the sprea-ders 11 also drop into the pit 87 through the channel 89. As suific-ient air enters the pit through the grate, the ash and clinlters that are still unburned can continue to burn in the pit, and the lit ltld

lid

combustion gases developed will, through the channel 89, reach the furnace proper.

The entrance of air into the furnace, 1s solely from underneath the grate through the channel .95.

The complete feeding device 1s, on its withdrawal from the furnace, enclosed m a casing 90 having hinged flaps or inspection holes for checking the worklng of the device. Likewise the entire driving mechanism is enclosed in a casing 91.

This feeding device, being completely enclosed, prevents the admission of cold air into the furnace and thereby largely enhances its efliciency. Moreover this furnace requires no operator, since all the necessary work such as the feeding of the fuel, its stoking and spreading evenly to a given hei ht, as well as the removal of ash and cliriliers, is effected automatically.

The drawings show the feeding device in operation with a fire tube boiler with normal air feed, but of course it can be used with any kind of boilers and also, with low draft furnaces, in which case an air pipe leading into the ash pit must be provided.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a stationary grate and a fire bridge at the in-' ner end thereof; of fuel depositing means movable inwardly toward said fire bridge and operable at the end of its inward movement to deposit fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, and means movable in an opposite direction toward the front of the grate and engageable with the fuel deposit adjacent said bridge for evenly distributing said fuel over said grate, and means for actuating said fuel depositing and fuel distributing means.

2. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a stationary grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of fuel depositing means movable in one direction relative to said grate and operable at the termination of said movement to deposit fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a plurality of spreaders movable in an opposite direction relative to said grate for evenly distributing the deposited fuelthereover, means connecting said spreaders and the fuel depositing means to cause the latter to deposit fuel upon the grate when said fuel depositing means has reached its osition in proximity to said fire bridge, an means for actuating the fuel depositlng and fuel spreading means.

3. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with agrate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a bucket movable to dumping position for depositing fuel upon the grate 1n proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved out of the furnace, means for actuating said bucket and spreaders, and means for reciprocatin said frame.

4. In a fuel ceding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltable bucket for depositing fuel on the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is moved out of said furnace, means connecting said spreaders and bucket to simultaneously tilt the latter to depositing position and move the spreaders to their spreading position, means for actuating the last named means, and means for reciprocating said frame.

5.- In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof, of a bucket movable to dumping position for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a spreader carried by said bucket, a frame carryin said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality of other spreaders also carried by said frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is moved out of said furnace, means connecting said other spreaders and bucket to simultaneously move the latter to dumping position and the spreaders to their spreading position, means for actuating said connecting means, and means for reciprocating said frame.

6. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, means to tilt said bucket, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable therewith toward the front of said grate for evenly distributing the fuel thereover, means for reciprocating said frame, and an agitator supported by said frame and engageablewith said fuel to agitate the same during the movement of said frame.

7. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire revetmbridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said rame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved out of said furnace, means for tilting said bucket to de posit said fuel and for moving said spreaders to spreading position, and means for elevating said bucket and spreaders relative to said grate as the frame approaches the end of its outward movement.

8. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved out of said furnace, means for tilting said bucket to deposit said fuel and for moving said spreaders to spreading position, and means for intermittcntly elevating said spreaders to different heights above said grate as said frame ap' proaches the end of its outward movement.

9. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality of spreaders also carried b said frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved out of said furnace, means for tilting said bucket to deposit said fuel and for moving said spreaders to spreading position, means for elevating said bucket and spreaders as the frame reaches the end of its outward movement, and means preventing tilting of said bucket to depositing position until said frame has again reached the limit of its inward movement.

10. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying sald bucket and movable longitudinally into and out of said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable therewith, said spreaders engaging the fuel during a portion of their outward movement, means for actuating the frame, means for tilting the bucket to depositing position and the spreaders to fuel engaging position as the frame reaches its inner position and for moving the spreaders to inoperative position and the bucket to fuel receiving position while the frame is moving outward, and means for automatically controlling the reversals of the movements of the frame.

11. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable longitudinally into and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movable therewith, said spreaders engaging the fuel during a portion of their outward movement, means for actuating the frame, means for tilting the bucket to depositing position and the spreaders to fuel engaging position as the frame reaches its inner position and for moving the spreaders to inoperative position and the bucket to fuel receiving position While the frame is moving outward, means for automatically controlling the reversals of the movements of the frame, and mechanism for controlling the last named means to Vary the times during which said frame is in and out of the furnace.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ANTON PASTRNAK.

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