US1673833A - Die-casting machine - Google Patents

Description

N. LESTER DIE CASTING MACHINE June 19, 1928.

June 19, 1928. l

K N. LESTER v 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 vaoz `:M q

DIE 'CASTING MACHINE F 1ed Deo. 22, 1926 `une 19, 1928.

N. LESTER DIE CASTING MACHINE i Filed Deo. 22, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet June 19, 1928.

N. LESTER DIE CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 22, 1926 5 Sheets- Sheet 4 June 19, 1928-.

N. LESTER DIE CASTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet '5 Filed Deo. 22, 1926 JDJ 707 Jog joa ratentecl June 19, 1928.

. `NATHAN' LESTER, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

DIE-CASTING MACHINE. i

Application led IIJeceinber 22, 1926. Serial No. 156,477..

This invention relates to a machine forA castlng metals' ijn metal molds, known as dles.

The principal vobjectsfoi the invention are to provide a separable die of the ordinary type with means for opening and closing it, preferably under oil pressure, and with means whereby when the die is -opened the casting will be ejected by the die operating l0 means; to provide controlling mechanism by l which the proper sequence of operations islv caused to take placewithout any attention Ion the part of the operator except to turn a'lever for opening and closing the dies and'.

' 'another lever. for .operating the pump; toi

construct the mechanism for performing the -v Vtwo operations 'in 'such-a Way that the-operator cannot turn either handle vat the wrong time and that the metal cannot be forced out of the pump v.unless the mold is closed and forced up to casting position; to provide means operatedby the die operatmg mechanism for moving the pump in the melting pot Orladle up to the position for Vcasting andv making sure that, the same is in i that position before the metal is forced into the mold; to provide a casting pump in which the nozzle will move withthe pump V.accurately toentr the sprue in sucha way a0 as ,to prevent the formation of a projection on the cast .metal that would prevent or interfere with the removal of the casting;

to provide'a movable pump'no'rmally sub-v` merged in the metal in the casting pot when a5 vnot in casting position-for the purposeofkeeping it heated and iilling it with metal; to provide an air operated pump with a mete al ejecting nozzle and an air receiving'noz-- zle, so related that they will both come simultaneously into proper position to conneet the pump with its air supply and the dies; to providemeans for ,cooling the sta-` tionarygland ofthe` mold, which really constitutes the sprue,'in order to prolong the' life of this important element, and to provide improvements in the mechanisms and various Vfeaturesof construction in carrying out these objects.

Reference'is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1is a side View of a complete diecasting machine constructed in accordance with this invention; g

Fig. 2 is a plan o'means for controlling the admission of power fluidto the cylinder treme positions; f

or throughthe frame. to provide for dies of dierentthickness.

PATENT OFFICE.

which operates the dies and air tothe pump;

Fig.` 3 is a side view of ,the connecting parts between the die operating means and Pump;

Flg. 4 1s an end view ofthe same; 60 Fig. 5 is asectio'nal view' on the line5-5 ofF1g.3; v v Figs 6 and 7 are enlar ed views ofthe die operating mechanism siown intwo .ex-

Figs. 8 and 9 are sectionalviews on .the v linesv 8-8 and 9,-9 respectively of Fig; 7;

vFig. 10 is an yenlarged `side view of the pump and its actu-ating mechanism;

v Fig. 11 is a 'front elevation on'enlarged 10 .Y scale of the front mold wall showing the lair connectlons at this point and the water device above mentioned; and .I

Figs. 15, 16 and 17 are views of the cams which control the operation of the rpump and dies, shown in three different positions.

Referring first to the first three sheets of drawings, whichillustrate particularly the die operating mechanism, it will be seen that 4the-machine embodies a frame'l() carryin a stationary vertical plate 11 against'whic one of the'dies 12 is adapted tojbear and l a slidable avertical plate V13 carrying the other die 14 with it. There is `alsof@` sta- "9'0 tionary end piece 15|whichf1s mountd'cn ways on the, bed or lframe 10 and is adjustable therealong by bolts extending into i The` adjustment vis e .05 This end plate 15 is securedto the endplate 11;,by threaded horizontal rodsv 16. The plate 13 has a' slide or base 19 extending to the rear adapted to slide on the ways 18 at the top of this part of the frame '10. 100 Supported by the end plate 15 is a cylinder 20 within whichis a piston 21 provlded with a piston 'rod 22 which carries a'sliding rack 23 which yis of a double character as it has rackteeth on its opposite sides. This rack is adjustedon the` rod `bymeans of screw andA nut connection 24 and it lsprovided ided in .v rying studs 28on oppoffite sides of the rack.

On each of the pivot studs'is pivoted a gear Se ment 29.meshing with one of the racks. Flxed to'each segment is an arm 3() which swings with the...gear segment and is connected by a lever 38 with a link 39 pivoted thereto and also pivoted on a projection on the movable plate 13. These levers 38 and arms 39 are provided with projections 40 and 41 which, when the parts are in the extreme position shown in Fig.l 7, abut against each other and prevent the link andl lever constructions from passing beyond the dead center, thus limiting the action. The levers 38 are pivoted, it will be obvious, at one end to the arms 30 and to the link 39 at the opposite end. In the middle they are pivoted to a' head 42 which is arranged to move longitudinally butat a different rate vof speed from the rack 23. This will be obvious from the eimncctions Lhewn in Figs. 6 and 7. This head is provided with a pair of ejectors 43 in the form of rods or'plates. While in casting position, these ejectors project 'beyond the plate 13 into spaces in the die 14 and extend clear to the casting face of the vmold cavity of which their ends constitute a part.i l/Vhenmoved Th from the position shown in Fig. 7, 'to that shown .1n Fig. 8, these rods eject a casting. This ejection is due to the fact that, on aecount of the leverage, the die 14 is retracted fasterthan the head 42 and ejectors 43.

The cylinder' and plunger 21 which are used for operating the die section 14 and the ejection of the castin is intended to be operated by any kind o fluid but I have by oil. The oil is furnished by shown herein a mechanism for yoperating it d an oil pump 43, the detalls of which are not shown, but 1t dellvers and discharges through two pipes 44 and 45 to a valve casing 46 an'd is so `constructed 'that the oil in these pipes is under pressure all the time while the oil ump is running. In this casing 46 there are valves, mounted on a shaft 50, which control the passage of oil from the j and 48 which lead 1nto the opposite ends of the cylinder 20.

'It will be obvious that inaccordance with the operation of these valves the oil will be admitted to one end or the other of the cylinder-and force the pistonback or forward.

- This cylinder itself has no valves', being controlled entirely by the direction of flow of the operating liquid.` The valves 1n the easing 46 are located on the shaft 50 which pipes 44 and 45 re? spectlvely to two pipes 4 19. Mounted on brackets 53 on the frame 10 is a shaft 54 carryinga gear 55 meshing with the rack 52. On this shaft 54 1s a crank 56 which is connected with a rod 57.

Theereciprocation of the rack v52 causes the gear to oscillate and the rod 57 to be moved back and forth. This rod is provided with an adjusting screw 58 meshing with a rack 59 cut on the surface of a link 60 which is in turn connected with an larm 61 for a pur B5 pose to be described. It will be seen therefore that the reciprocation of the double rack 23 by means of the piston in thecylinder opens and closes the die and ejects the.

casting therefrom and further operates Ithis arm 61 to swing it about its axis. This arm 61 operates the pump to lill the dies as will appear, below.'

The pumping means for this machine comprises a melting furnace 62, preferably on the frame 10, having therein a melting pot 63 in =which a supply of metal is maintained.

e pump is operated by air pressure controlled from a handle or lever 64 fixed on a shaft 68 which handle is located near the handle 51 so that the operator can attend to both of them. The shaftv 68 extends to the pump and is provided with two cams or eccentrics 73 and 74 which operate valves in'a valve casing 77 to control the'connection'of the pump with two pipes 75 and 76 which, as will be described later,.exert presure on the metal in the pump to force it vinto the mold at certain times. d On the'controlling shaft 50 is a cam 66. This cam is of circular shape. all around except for a notch 67 at one point. On the shaft 68 below there is another cam 69 which 1s of general circular form but also with a notch 70 of the same size and shape as the notch 67. Each of .these'notches, as will be 'observed from comparison of Figs. 15, 16

and '17, is of such shape that the other earn can rotate when in registratlon with that notch but not otherwise. Each notch 1s of 'the shape of anarc of the circle ofthe other cam. The . shafts 50 and 68 have their axes at a distance apart less, by thewidth of one of thevnotches, than the sumof the radn of the two cams. o I

' In the position shown 1n Fig. 16, elther cam can be turned from its posltion, but 1n the positions shown in Figs. 15 and 17 only vone cam can turn. The cam 69 also has another notch 71 which vcooperates withl a pin 72 to constitute a stop. This cam' oscillates the length of `t-his slot andv cannotl 'move beyond it.' The valves 73 and 73.- connect the air`inlet 75 v vith the pipe` 76when the cam`74 closes its valve andthe cam,7 3

opens the other valve.

The'control of the air to the pump and the control of the `oil to the-operating cylinder are both manual.` The latter, as stated above,

actuates the arm 61- which is located ona.

g shaft 91. This shaft is mounted on a base 83 which isprovided with Ways below and is l zo capable of aslight sliding motion.` This is an important't'eature, becausel it is secured by longitudinal rod 84 to the stationary plate 11. Orhaccount of the expansion ofthe metal of which the parts are made under the influence of heat and the .subsequent contraction, some ofthe meta-l parts would break. rIhe support 83is mounted in this vvay so that it can moveback and forth, but

v of course it Will be understood that `,this is through the nozzle. .It issupported byja :in link 90 which depends therefrom andis'co nected with the stud 86 so as tov support o f by a bolt 94.

a '103, under which extends the endsjofa '.larhpfthe pump 'toi move rectilinearly gland '111v which`isprovidedfwithfavvate circulating grtmve 112z appliediin anyde'sire "Way t0 keep this glnde, -Y life. `n'thefurnaceis`gi1''stu' i l suitable [bearings andlcarry ingaL-...fpla

`by abolt for holdingvthe'lcove 106 passage 107 and a nozzle 108.31v Thisl only a slight movementin accordance with 2f the temperature of theparts o n'which these elements are supported. i

On the shaft 91 is an arm 85. i This is conv nected by' link 88 with a stud 86 on the pumpv 81. Thls pump is of the` goose-neck? type, provided with a nozzle 82 and locatedv within g the melting pot and normally belovvr th'ejglevel of metal therein so that it will till by gravity pair of brackets 87 extendingupwardly troni the melting. furnace'and carrying a, cross shaft 89. On this cross shaft isfpivoted end of the meltingpot from .above. efV Each bracket 87 carries at' the top a clamp93havj-'fing projecting 'endsbelow extending the ends of the bearing and heldinkp At the .top ofthe pot 81 arein "lugs 104 similar' to the'fclamp 93` 'se'ciiredffabove the' pot. `This cover is provided with is" adapted to fit in acup#shaped nip P which is directly connected with'the `'pip 76' l" Adjacent to this nipple 1097Lar'gguid entering holes in the cover up tov positionffor operation? Wh happens' the nozzle 82 isalso reglstered'i to. av

dem@

' opening rest or bearingilOl ya lprojection 102 fixed to, or cast" integral with, 'matic pump 81.' This .arrangement 0f :the

parts 91, 89 and 100, together with the loca-v the pneu# e pneumatic pump 81 'from the filling in which it is "verticallybelovv it as shown. The valves arein positlon to prevent flow v `of airto the'pum thedies being open and being heldlopen.- y :the oil in the pipe 47. Now thefirst effect-not the turning of the vhandle into this position is to open'one valve in the casingv 46,'tojrelease the oil from in frontof thev piston 21. 1 Then the other valve f is opened: to allowthe oil'4 to beI forced throughthe pipe; 48 into the cylinder-f be- "hindthe piston@ The result of this is to i svffrom the Iposition shown inv movefthe pa ostionfshown in Fig. 7 This the slidingplate 13,' 'closes xthdravvsfthe ejectors 43'.- The je l Q1 ibrW-ardly through f the 'wofthc constructionformf ed O *thearm and vthe link 88 and -forces ingin-ftheplate 11;Vv lAt the same time the Terankfj51, having now reached the'bottom, y the notch'6'Z wil 1. have come" into re ister inf 1*`ig 1'5zinto that shown in Fig. 16.VA Now the handle- 6&011 the shaft 68 1 s turned -to tothe pneumatic pump 81v at thetop as will bernbvlous.' New the 'metal is forced vinto 'e inoldabyftheair. The parts are left in "thifsjconditioni al very `short period, just long h- Vfor the castingto chilli and retain n the pump I and then exhausted. aving 4been accom lished, the crank oits original position. This results opposite action of the valvesinthe 16 ;'fsoj as 1 to' release the bi1. from the l f 4the pistonin` the cylinder-20. 1I,- medi elyj.; the v4'otlier-yvalve f changes and jisforcedthough the pipe 4T to ci le' bringjthis-shaft-around. This admits air i 110,

l jfl'henthe'handle 64 is turned back, he air released .from the top` of ,the

s turned 4thei rest -f t e way around' the au racl-iffrvrard actuilses l` ingltuepum 1 upwar y.

ward limit of its stroke,

the nozzlef82`directlyfinto'the spruevopen.-

10's i l withz'the notch 70,from the positions own. Y

M'wackkthe'w kiston. This .restores the n? .pait'stothe position shown in Fig. 6 and-it will be lseen that the: ejectors 43, although drawn "back slightly, are not drawn bapk a'.s j n`iui 2l1asthe plate 13. Therefore thev castbodily under the control of the handle 51' and the location of the several points of support and connections which have been shown. It is forced to assume the different positions in proper s equence/ without any attention on the part of the operator except to operate the handles 51 and 64. The castlug is released from the mold on account of the arrangement of the nozzle of the pump and the ejccting devices which have been described in full. This ejection is not left to, chance but is made positive by theejectors which will force it out, even though therel might be something to cause it otherwise to stick. The whole operation is very simple and the machine'itself is reducedl to a small number of parts and yet has all the safety features which are necessary in these machines. j

Although I have illustrated and described only a single form of the invention I am aware of the fact that modications can be made therein by any person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed' in the claims.

Therefore, I do not wish to be limited to all the details of construction herein shown `and described," but what Ido claim is L In a diecasting machine, the combination with a piston and cylinder, of an oil pump, two outlet pipes from the oil pump, a pipe extending to each end of said cylinder for conducting the fluid to operate the piston, a valve casing to which all of said pipes extend, a shaft in said valve casing, means for connecting` one pairv of pipes with f the other pair so that the oil can be supplied to either end of the cylinder for operating the piston and there will be no chance for it to enter both ends at the same time, and a handle on the shaft for oscillating it.

2. In a die castin machine, the combination with a pair of dies and means for operating the dies comprising a double rack and gear segments on the opposite sides of the rack, a slide lconnected with said gear segments for reciprocation to operate one of the dies, and vguides on said slide for receiving the rack and guiding it to move in a rectangularmanner. l

3..The combination with a pair of dies and a rod, of means for reciprocating said rod, of a double rack adjustablyr fixed on the rod, a pair of gear segments on opposite i sides of the rack, meshing therewith,- and each pivoted vat a stationary point, levers pivotally connected with the segments, a link pivoted to the other end of each lever .anduto 'one die,-a head freely slidable and having an ejector for ejecting a casting from the mold, said head being pivoted to said levers, whereby when the rod is with- "drawn the head will be withdrawn but at a slower rate so that the ejectors will project further and eject the casting'.

4:.- In a die casting machine, the combination with a-pair of dies, an ejector for the casting, and means for operating the dies comprising a double rack and gear segments on the opposite sides of the rack, a slide connected with said gear segments for reciprocating one of the dies and ejector, another rack fixed with respect to said slide, a. gear meshing with the last-namedv rack and adapted to turn on a stationary axis and having an arm projecting from its shaft, a pumpfor supp ying the dies with metal, and means operated by said arm for operating the pu'mp.

5.- In a die casting machine, the combination with a pair of dies and means for op-` erating one of them, of a rack connected to and 'mevable with one die when it is operated, a gearmeshing with said rack, an adjustable link connected with said gear to be reciprocated thereby as the ear oscillates, a pump for` supplying the dles with molten metal, and means operated by said link for moving the pump bodily up to casting position.

6. In a pump for a die casting machine, the combinationl with a melting pot, of a pump body adapted to be submerged in the metal of `the melting pot for filling the pump, means for moving said pump bodily,

said pump having a horizontal nozzle for delivering to the dies in a horizontal direction a second nozzle above, and a stationary plate having a metal receiving gland for receiving the lower nozzle anda xed ni ple connected with a compressed `air supp y for receiving the second nozzle so that air can be admitted to the pump over the metal therein, the two nozzles being adapted to come to their two seats simultaneously as the pump moves up to casting position.

n a pump for a die casting machine1 the combination with a meltingpot, of a pump body adapted to be submerged in the metal of the melting pot for filling the pump and heating it, means for reciprocating and rocking said'pum'p with a motion that will dip it in the molten metal and lill it through its nozzle and bring it up out of the metal for delivery, said pump having a nozzle for delivering to the dies, and a second nozzle above, a nipple connected with a compressed air supplyv for receiving the second nozzle so that-air can be admitted to the pump over `ther molten metal, the two nozzles being adapted to come to their two seats simultavneously as the pump moves up tov casting tposition, a plate on which one member of a ypair of dies ismounted, said plate having anl o ening for receiving the metal delivery nozz e, and a gland-in said opening, the nipx the combination with 'a' melting pot, of a' l plev also being supported 4in fixed position on said plate.

8.` In a pump for a die casting I'nachinc,

' Vpump body adapted to be submerfgled in the Vmetal of the melting potfor pumpand"heatingit, a cover for the pump,

ling the means forreciprocating said pump with a motion that will dip it in the molten metal and then fill it and bring it up out ofthe metal for delivery,v said pump having a nozzle'for deliverin to the diesand a second nozzle above, a mpple connected with a compressed ai'r supply for receiving the second nozzle so that air can be admitted to the pump,- the two nozzles Abeing adapted to come-to their two seats simultaneouslyas `the pump moves'up to casting position, horizontal guide rods carried by said plate ad- Ajacent tosaid nipple adapted `to'engage the. i

top of the pump for gulding both nozzles horizontallyginto proper position, and means for'clamping the cover onthe pump.

9.. In a` pump for delivering molten metal,

the combination with `a melting pot,of a

pump body located therein, means for vmovner inwhich it is free to reciprocate to compensate for contraction `and expansion of4 the parts-'of the device;

In testimony whereof I. have hereunto aixed my'signature.

' NATHAN LESTER.

40 a support for said'shaft, and means on .the vfurnace for carrying said support in aman-

Images