US16694A - Improvement in cordage-machines - Google Patents

Description

UNITE STATES ATENT OFFICE.

JAMES PINELOF HOOSICK FALLS, NEI/V YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CORDAGE-MACHINES.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 16,694, dated February 24, 1857.

To all whom/,it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES PINE, of Hoosick Falls, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rope-Making Machinery; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section of a rope-making machine with my improvements. Fig. 2 isa transverse vertical section of the same in the line 00x of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section of one of the fliers, exhibiting the Inode of producing tension on the strands.

` Fig. 4 isa detail view of one part of the machine.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each of the several figures.

This invention consists, irst, in certain means by which an additional twist is put into the strands simultaneously with or, more strictly speaking, subsequently to a stretching operation, which takes place subsequently to the twisting operation produced by the strand-fuers and previously to the laying operation, such additional twist being intended to compensate for the reduction of twist that is consequent upon the stretching operation.

It consists, secondly, in certain meansof producing friction on the strand -bobbins, whereby a uniform tension of the strands is produced during the twisting operation ofthe main fliers, whether the bobbins contain a large or small quantity of strand.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to described itsconstruction and operation.

A A are two standards erected upon a bedpiece B for the purpose of containing the bearings of the main or laying spindle O, which occupies a horizontal position.

D is a rotating cast-iron head, keyed lirmly to the spindle C for the purpose of containing or carrying the bearings a a for the hollow spindles F of the strand-fliers S, which are like those used in other machines, but which, for the sake of distinguishing them from the fliers for stretching and prod ucingadditional twist subsequently to stretching, may be termed the main iiiers. This head is made of the form of a truncated cone, as

shown in Fig. 1, when the axes of the Iiiers are to be inclined to the laying-spindle, but of cylindrical form when the axes of the iiiers are to be parallel with the laying-spindle. In either case it is hollow and open at the end farthest from where the lay takes place in the spindle C. In the drawings only one of the main Hier-spindles is shown placed in the head D, as that is suiiicient to illustrate my invention.

E is one of a number of liicrs corresponding with the number of strand-iiers, and placed in line with the strand-fliers in bearings ct a2, carried by the head D, the spindles G of the said fliers, which may be termed the st-retching and additional twist fliers,7 standing in line with the spindles F of the main iiiers between the said spindles and the laying-point of the laying-spindle, but being entirely independent ot' the saidl spindles, the said fliers E carrying each two tapergrooved rollers I I, arranged to rotate freely in bearings in their heads parallel with the axes of the said iers for the purpose of stretching the strands after they receive their twist from the main fliers S. One of these liiers E is shown in section in Fig. 4 and entire in Fig. l. The strands pass from the bobbins H of the main fiiers all the Way through the hollow spindles F thereof and through the spindles G of the iiers E as far as the interior of the front heads b of the said fliers, where they pass through holes in the said spindles, as shown at c in Figs. l and 4, and from thence to and around the stretching-'rollersv'I I, from whence they pass back through other holes in the spindles of the fliers E, close to the back heads b thereof, as shown at d in Figs. l and 4, and from thence through the interior of the rear portions of the spindles to the holes in the rear part of the laying-spindle. The stretch is given to the strands after the twist produced by the fliers S S by their passing round the grooved rollers I I from their smaller to their larger diameters, the said rollersbeing caused to rotate by the tension produced by the windlass employed to take up the laid rope. The additional twist after the stretching of the strands is given by the rotation of the Iiiers E on their axes in the same direction as but at a slower speed than the rotation ot the fliers S S on their axes.

The rotation of the fliers on their own axes is produced simultaneously with their revolution round the laying-spindle by the following means: .I is a hollow shaft or sleeve it' ting to turn freely on the laying-spindle, but prevented from moving longitudinally thereon. This hollow shaft or sleeve carries a gear K, gearing with a gear L on the spindle F of each strand-flier S, and also carries a gear M, smaller than K, gearing with a gear N, larger than L, on the exterior of the forward head b of each of the stretching and extratwist fliers E. The gears K L M N are all beveled when the axes of the fliers are inclined to the axis of the layingspindle, as shown in the drawings; but when the axes of the Iiiers are parallel with the laying-spindle the gears will have parallel faces. The shaft J carries, in addition to the gears K and M, a pulley O, which receives a band e from a pulley P on a short shaft Q, that is arranged in bearings below the laying-spindle, said short shaft receiving motion by a band f, running to its pulley P, from a pulley R on the laying-spindle- The pulleys O, P, and R are of such relative sizes and the bands e and fare so arranged that the hollow shaft J receives rotary motion from the laying-spindle at a higher velocity than the rotation of the laying-spin-- dle itself, and consequently the gears K and M give rotary motion to the fliers on their axes, and as the gear K is larger than the gear M and the gears L smaller than the gears N the fliers E rotate at a higher velocity than those S, though in the same direction. The amount of strand twist may be varied by shifting the bands e and fto larger and smaller portions of their respective pulleys to change the relative velocities of the laying-spindle and its external shaft or sleeve J; but such change will not affect the relative velocities of the fliers S and E.

The device for producing tension on that part of the strand receiving twist from the main fliers by producing friction on the bobbins H consists in a curved lever g, attached by a fulcrum-pin i to the back of the flierframe and having rigidly attached to it one end of a curved spring j. This spring is practically the same as a portion of the curved lever, or the whole may be considered as an elastic lever; but the spring is made in a separate piece to enable it to be adjusted, as will presently be described. The spring is intended to bear on the surface of the yarn or strand on the bobbin, while the opposite end of the lever to that to which the spring is attached bears upon the periphery of one of the heads of the bobbin at a point almost diametrically opposite to where the spring presses on the yarn or strand, and thus the tension of the spring, which is exerted in such a way as to curl it up, is caused to make friction both between the lever and the head of the bobbin and between the spring and the yarn or strand.

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This friction is greatest when the bobbin is full and the spring most strained, and it is least when the bobbin is empty and the spring least strained, and hence it will be seen that the greatest friction is produced when most neededthat is to say, when the tension of the yarn is exerted at the greatest distance from the center of the bobbin, and vice versa, and if the spring is properly constructed the friction will always vary inversely with the diameter of the external coils of yarn or strands on the bobbin. The force of the spring is graduated by means of a screw 7c screwing through the lever 7L in a proper position to press against the outer side of the spring, as shown in Fig.

The means of heating the strands in making tarred rope consists of a double cylindrical steam-jacket U, arranged concentrically to the laying-spindle to surround all the working parts of the machine. This jacket is to be closed at the ends with movable wooden shutters V V or otherwise, so as to inclose the whole of the working parts of the machine when in operation, leaving onlyT the ends of the laying-spindle and the drivinggear exposed. The jacket U may be supplied from the exhaust-pipe of a steam-engine or by a pipe direct from a steam-boiler to heat the jacket and keep all parts of the machine with which the strand comes in contact, and the strand itself, as far as or beyond the laying-point, well warmed, by that means making it exible and easy to work.

I do not claim the use of stretching-rollers I I, except when used in a flier E, applied as described, nor do I claim producing friction on the bobbins of the iiiers by means of springs applied otherwise than as described, but

That I do claim as my invention, and desire to Secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The additional fliers E, carrying the stretching-rollers arranged relatively to the main fliers S, substantially as described, and deriving motion in the same direction as the said fliers, but at a less velocity, and operating, substantially as herein specified, to stretch the strands after they have received the usual twist and to impart an additional twist to compensate for the reduction of twist by stretching.

2. The device for producing a uniform tension on the strands by friction upon the stran d-bobbins, consisting of the elastic curved lever or combined lever and spring hj, attached by a fulcrum-pin 'L' to the {lier-frame and operating on one head of the bobbin and upon the surface of the outer coil of yarn or strand on the bobbin, substantially as herein set forth.

JAMES PINE.

l/Vitnesses:

S. PARsoNs CORNELL, J. GORDON RUssELL.

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