US1668022A - Motor fuel - Google Patents

Motor fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
US1668022A
US1668022A US916A US91625A US1668022A US 1668022 A US1668022 A US 1668022A US 916 A US916 A US 916A US 91625 A US91625 A US 91625A US 1668022 A US1668022 A US 1668022A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
compound
volatile
lead
fuel
motor fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US916A
Inventor
Jr Thomas Midgley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US916A priority Critical patent/US1668022A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1668022A publication Critical patent/US1668022A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1225—Inorganic compounds halogen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/1241—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof metal carbonyls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/201—Organic compounds containing halogen aliphatic bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/202—Organic compounds containing halogen aromatic bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C10L1/306—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond) organo Pb compounds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a motor fuel
  • ternal combustion engine in the presenceof substances added to a fuel or fuel mixture, 6 including a compound'of a metal, and, more particularly, a compound such as lead tetra ethyl, which decreases fuel knock.
  • the present application is a continuation in part of '20 parts of ethylene dibromide, 7 parts of monochlorinated naphthalene, and .5 parts of propylene dibromide. 4 cc. of this composition is added to a gallon of kerosene or gasoline, a fuel-air mixture is formed and 26 the mixture is burned in an internal combustion engine. The composition vaporizes in the engine cylinder, and the gasoline or kerosene is burned in the presence of these vaors.
  • One of the products of combustion 30 is lead bromide.
  • the ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide are the source for the bromine which combines with the lead and so reduces the formation of lead oxide which fluxes more readily with engine parts such as spark plug points.
  • Either the chlorinated naphthalene or the bromide compound may be omitted but the use of both 18 preferred.
  • Keroseneand gasoline are named merely to as common examples of low compression fuels which give a fuel knock when a gaseous mixture containing the fuel is burned under relatively high compression.
  • the com osition given reduces the fuel knock.
  • Tlie composition may be varied by chang ing the proportions and by using other chemical compounds.
  • Other halogenated aromatic compounds such as brominated or chlorinated benzol, or brominated or chlorinated toluene or oils having similar physical characteristics including stability at relatively high temperatures may be used -in place of mono-chlorinated naphthalenemoron FUEL.
  • a mixture of ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide is preferred in cold weather because of its low freezing point.
  • I may use in the fuel either of these or ethylene chlorobromide, butylene chlorobromide, amylene chlorobromide, tribromaniline, ethyl bromide, or other bromide compounds.
  • bromide compounds are now preferred to the chlorine compounds
  • I ma use ethylene dichloride, propyline dichlori e, or butylene dichloride, trichloranilineor other chloride compounds.
  • the quantity of each of these used depends on the amount of their halide content Since the bromide compounds are, generally, more effective than the chloride compounds, the quantity of bron gldes used may be smaller than the chlo- 1'1 es.
  • hydrocarbon compounds of the metals such as the alkyl compounds, and the carbonyl compounds such as become volatile under engine conditions are best adapted to reduce fuel knock.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compoundof a metal, and a halogenated lubricating oil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of a metal, a. halogenated lubricating oil and a substance adapted to form on combustion, a non-fluxing compound with said metal.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarv such as a halogenated arolllfllllc compound, has been found effective bon, a volatile .compound of a metal and a halogenated oil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocar bon, a volatile compound of a metal and achlorinated oil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of a metal, and a lubricant.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of lead and a halogenated lubricating oil.
  • a motonfuel comprising a hydrocarn, a volatile compound of lead and a halogenatedoil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of lead, and a chlorinated oil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile lead compound and a volatile bromide compound. 7
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon compound of lead, and a volatile bromide compound.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbromide compound.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, lead tetraethyl, and ethylene dibromide.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocar- 80 bon, a volatile lead compound, a volatile halide compound, and a lubricant.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile lead compound, a volatile bromide compound, and a ubricant.
  • a motor fuel comprising a: hydrocar- 1 compound, a volatile bromide compoun and a halogenated oil.
  • a motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, lead tetra ethyl, ethylene dibromide, and mono-chlorinated naphthalene.
  • composition of matter comprising a volatile compound of a metal, and a halogenated lubricating oil.
  • composition of matter comprising a vfilatile metal compound and a halogenated o 19.
  • a composition of matter comprising a volatile lead compound and a halogenated aromatic compound.
  • composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound and a chlorinated oil.
  • composition of matter comprising a volatile lead compound and a volatile bromide compound.
  • composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound and a volatile bromide compound.
  • composition of matter comprising I lead tetra ethyl and a volatile bromide compound.
  • composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound, a volatile bromide compound and a halogenated oil.
  • composition of matter comprising lead tetra ethyl, ethylene dibromide, and mono-chlorinated naphthalene.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Patented May 1, 1928.
UNITED ST TES- PATENT; "orncsp THOMAS MIDGLEY, JB., OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOBi, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION 01' DELAWARE.
no Drawing.
This invention relates to a motor fuel, and
to the burning of fuel mixtures-in an 111-.
ternal combustion engine in the presenceof substances added to a fuel or fuel mixture, 6 including a compound'of a metal, and, more particularly, a compound such as lead tetra ethyl, which decreases fuel knock. The present application is a continuation in part of '20 parts of ethylene dibromide, 7 parts of monochlorinated naphthalene, and .5 parts of propylene dibromide. 4 cc. of this composition is added to a gallon of kerosene or gasoline, a fuel-air mixture is formed and 26 the mixture is burned in an internal combustion engine. The composition vaporizes in the engine cylinder, and the gasoline or kerosene is burned in the presence of these vaors. One of the products of combustion 30 is lead bromide. The ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide are the source for the bromine which combines with the lead and so reduces the formation of lead oxide which fluxes more readily with engine parts such as spark plug points. Either the chlorinated naphthalene or the bromide compound may be omitted but the use of both 18 preferred.
Keroseneand gasoline are named merely to as common examples of low compression fuels which give a fuel knock when a gaseous mixture containing the fuel is burned under relatively high compression. The com osition given reduces the fuel knock. Tlie composition may be varied by chang ing the proportions and by using other chemical compounds. Other halogenated aromatic compounds such as brominated or chlorinated benzol, or brominated or chlorinated toluene or oils having similar physical characteristics including stability at relatively high temperatures may be used -in place of mono-chlorinated naphthalenemoron FUEL.
Application as January s, 1925. Serial No. 918.
Apparently these compounds give lubrication and protection to valve stems.
A mixture of ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide is preferred in cold weather because of its low freezing point. I may use in the fuel either of these or ethylene chlorobromide, butylene chlorobromide, amylene chlorobromide, tribromaniline, ethyl bromide, or other bromide compounds.
-While the bromide compounds are now preferred to the chlorine compounds, I ma use ethylene dichloride, propyline dichlori e, or butylene dichloride, trichloranilineor other chloride compounds. The quantity of each of these used depends on the amount of their halide content Since the bromide compounds are, generally, more effective than the chloride compounds, the quantity of bron gldes used may be smaller than the chlo- 1'1 es.
The lubricant,
with compounds of othenmetals, such, for example, as arsenic, tin, nickel, iron, zinc, and many others. The hydrocarbon compounds of the metals such as the alkyl compounds, and the carbonyl compounds such as become volatile under engine conditions are best adapted to reduce fuel knock.
What I claim is:
1. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compoundof a metal, and a halogenated lubricating oil.
2. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of a metal, a. halogenated lubricating oil and a substance adapted to form on combustion, a non-fluxing compound with said metal. I
3'. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarv such as a halogenated arolllfllllc compound, has been found effective bon, a volatile .compound of a metal and a halogenated oil.
4. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocar bon, a volatile compound of a metal and achlorinated oil.
5. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of a metal, and a lubricant. v
' 6. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of lead and a halogenated lubricating oil. I
.7. A motonfuel comprising a hydrocarn, a volatile compound of lead and a halogenatedoil. I
8. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile compound of lead, and a chlorinated oil.
V 9. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile lead compound and a volatile bromide compound. 7
10. A motor fuel comprisinga hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon compound of lead, and a volatile bromide compound.
11. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbromide compound.
12. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, lead tetraethyl, and ethylene dibromide.
13. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocar- 80 bon, a volatile lead compound, a volatile halide compound, and a lubricant. 14. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, a volatile lead compound, a volatile bromide compound, and a ubricant.
:5 bon, a lead alkyl compound, and a volatile bon, a lead alk 15. A motor fuel comprising a: hydrocar- 1 compound, a volatile bromide compoun and a halogenated oil.
16. A motor fuel comprising a hydrocarbon, lead tetra ethyl, ethylene dibromide, and mono-chlorinated naphthalene.
17. A composition of matter comprising a volatile compound of a metal, and a halogenated lubricating oil.
18. A composition of matter comprising a vfilatile metal compound and a halogenated o 19. A composition of matter comprising a volatile lead compound and a halogenated aromatic compound.
20. A composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound and a chlorinated oil.
21. A composition of matter comprising a volatile lead compound and a volatile bromide compound.
22. A composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound and a volatile bromide compound.
23. A composition of matter comprising I lead tetra ethyl and a volatile bromide compound.
24. A composition of matter comprising a lead alkyl compound, a volatile bromide compound and a halogenated oil.
25. A composition of matter comprising lead tetra ethyl, ethylene dibromide, and mono-chlorinated naphthalene.
THOMAS MIDGLEY, JR.
US916A 1925-01-06 1925-01-06 Motor fuel Expired - Lifetime US1668022A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468544A (en) * 1945-11-10 1949-04-26 Gen Electric Stabilized halogenated compositions and electrical devices
US2479901A (en) * 1948-07-31 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2479900A (en) * 1948-07-24 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2479902A (en) * 1948-07-31 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2496983A (en) * 1948-11-20 1950-02-07 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2618612A (en) * 1950-06-01 1952-11-18 Standard Oil Dev Co Concentrated lead fluids
US2872303A (en) * 1955-05-18 1959-02-03 Exxon Research Engineering Co Anti-stalling gasoline agent
US3246965A (en) * 1958-12-24 1966-04-19 Standard Oil Co Motor fuel composition containing a halocarbon compound
DE980064C (en) * 1950-06-10 1970-07-09 Shell Res Ltd Fuel for combustion engines

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468544A (en) * 1945-11-10 1949-04-26 Gen Electric Stabilized halogenated compositions and electrical devices
US2479900A (en) * 1948-07-24 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2479901A (en) * 1948-07-31 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2479902A (en) * 1948-07-31 1949-08-23 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2496983A (en) * 1948-11-20 1950-02-07 Ethyl Corp Antiknock mixtures
US2618612A (en) * 1950-06-01 1952-11-18 Standard Oil Dev Co Concentrated lead fluids
DE980064C (en) * 1950-06-10 1970-07-09 Shell Res Ltd Fuel for combustion engines
US2872303A (en) * 1955-05-18 1959-02-03 Exxon Research Engineering Co Anti-stalling gasoline agent
US3246965A (en) * 1958-12-24 1966-04-19 Standard Oil Co Motor fuel composition containing a halocarbon compound

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