US1664632A

US1664632A - X c coking retost oven

Info

Publication number: US1664632A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1928-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 1945-04-03

Description

April 3, 1928t 1,664,632

H. KoPPERs COKIN@ RETORT OVEN Filed Aug. 31. 1921 Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

-UNITE STATES PTET' HEINRICH KOPPERS. F ESSEN-EUHR, GERMANY, ASSlGNOR TO THE KOPPERS DE '/EL- OPMENT CORPORATION- OF PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA, A. CORPORATION GF PENNSYLVANIA.

COKIN G RETORT OVEN.

This invention relates to inclined chamber furnaces tor the production of gas and coke with heat recovery.

Such inclined chamber furnaces` owing to their-marked deviation from the rect-angular cti-ordinate syst-ein preferably for the Whole procedure of coking. cause not only structural difficulties, but primarily also technical difficulties `with respect to heating. In consequence of the different buoyancies at different levels of the chambers a uniform heatin of places corresponding to each other in the chamber inclination, cannot be eected right away. for lexample the furnace according to the American Patent No. 571,558 of Dods, in Yspite of being furnished "with regenerators for the purpose of heat recovery, cannot be used, be .ause the gases must seek their own path in the heating wall and can exert no regulating influence thereon, as also the regenerator owing to its structural union with the heating wall, quite apart from the fact that, due to the only partially :tree lower chamber opening, (joking coal cannot be worked at all.

According to the invention, there is 0biaincd for such 'inclined chamber furnaces, in spite ot the varying buoyancy, a practically1 fully satisfactory uniformity in the heating, this being achieved by arranging.; the rcgencrat'ors directly in parallel with thc heating walls in the first place, and in the second place by dividing the latter into separate individually controllable heating passages` so that the flame and the waste heat gases are prescribed quite definite, conipulsory paths. It is known that regenerators. which are traversed by the fuels-to be preheated from bottom to top. and by the waste heat gases to be cooled from top to bottom. give uniform distribution or division in operation (see the article Grundlagen tur das richtige Entwerfen von ()teiianlagen-Rules tor the correct design of furnace plantin Stahl und Eisen 'i913 page 860). This is due to the'distribut ing or dividing?r eti'ect produced. by the tireprootf checlmrwork of thel r ;rene1atois,corresponding to :l series ot sicves spaced from each other, which ctl'cct occurs owing to tho cons-tanti) occurring path dctlections of the enses and the total resistance encountered. By the direct connection ot' such regenerators with the heating wall the thorough divi- 497,368, and in Germany November .7, 1919.

sion is thus maintained while with the draf reversal a certain equalizing of local i1 t, ularities occurs. Since the thus divided gases are prescribed definite compulsory paths in the heating channels, which are controllable by means of slides lying abo re the same, it is possible, not only to maintain this thorough division, but even to malte it finer, for the side which at any time receivcs the waste heat is o )ei-ated with regw 'lation in the same Way. n this manner the difficult task of uniformly heating inclined chamber furnaces is solved.

This distributing,r influence of the unidi reetional buoyancyv in inclined chamber furn naces is still further obviated according to the invention. and uniform heating 'im-l proved, by cutting away the uppermost corner of the heatingF Wall, otherwise in the form of a inclined parallelograin, so that in the upper corner of the. waste gas collect:- ingI channel a member thereof runs horizontally over the heatingr channels, this Waste gas collecting channel thus receiving on the whole an abrupt change in direction or bend. ln this way the great difference in buoyancy at the two ends oit this collectingr channel can in all cases be essentially diminished.

This special arrangement ot the heating wall receives its external embodiment by a cori-espondingl` cutting away of the upper corner ot an inclined chamber furnace, so that :i natural platform for the personnel is produced at this place. It is thus also possible to carry out the. charging conveniently troni this point in the manner known for horizontal chamber furnaces, since with the aid of charging trucks running on the plattorni the chambers can be charged through vertical filling; openings. In this charging there forms at both sides a conical angle of. repose which ou one side corresponds t0 the inclination of the chamber, while on the other side :i dead space is avoided by Cutting away the upper corner also in the 'actual coke or coal chamber. this being done about in accordance with the angle of repose assumed by the coal. so thatl eithera peutagonal cross-section or a cross-section .in the toi-m ot 'a trapczium is produced. It is thus possible. to make the lie of the coa [it thev hcinl or kink in thc waste gas colecttg channel. so that on the one hand the whole iii) to heating spaces not filled by the charge 1s avoided. Y

In the accompanying drawing a constructional example of the subject matter of the invention is represented for the purpose of explanation, butnot for the limitation of my invention to constructive details. In said drawing Fig. 1 is a transverse section through the furnace chamber, Fig. 2 is a similar parallel section through a heating wall.

Below the inclined furnace chamber Pare arranged the

regenerators

12 and 13 separated by an intermediate wall 11, and the legenerator 12 can be connected by pipe bends 14 either to the waste heat channel 15 or to the 1fresh air, while the regenerator 13 can be put into communication through the pipe bends 16 with the waste heat channel 17 or` with the air. In the case of simultaneous preheating of gas and air, the regenerator chambers for the preheating of air alternate with those for the preheating of gas. If a partial heating with poor gas and rich gas is provided a separate supply channel for the non-preheated rich gas also haste be furnished. The

regenerators

12, 13 are conhorizontal.

trolled in a known manner with half hourly reversal, whereby the cold air enters the regenerator 12 and the waste4 heat gases arrive in the waste heat channel 17 by way of the regenerator 13, whilst on reversal of the draft the regenerators 13 serve for jreheating air and the Waste heat gases ow through the regenerator 12 into the waste heat channel 15.

` By means of nozzle like ducts 18 the

regenerators

12 and 13 are directly connected to theeheating passages 19 which have at their upper ends nozzle like constrictions 20 'which can be controlled by slides 21 overlying the same, actuated by means of rods 22 which can be inserted through openings 23 in the furnace cover. While the most of these heating passages 19 are arranged stepwise with the inclination ofthe chamber, the uppermost heating passages.- six in this case. are arranged on the same level so that the-waste gas collecting channel 24 has here a bend *from its sloping position into the Thereby the most of the buoyancy difference is appreciably diminished in the waste gas channel 24. Corresponding to the fact that the. rokiqg chamber dirci-ges downwardly to allow a ready loosening of thc charge. the dividing of the heating wall, which is'intended forthc draft reversal. is not made in the middle but displaced down` wards therefrom. so thatl corresponding to the greater corner coal space there. u greater amount of heut .is .supplied (sce German Patent 150,117).

The gases developing in thc chamber l0 are led upwards by a rising' pipe 25 to the collector 26. (ln the platform 27, correspending to the bending of the waste gas c annel 24 to the horizontal, run the charging trucks 28, which as in coke oven charging, charge the furnace chamber 10 through filling openings 29, the coal filling the chamber uniformly, the latter being arranged Substantially parallel with the angle of rey pose of the coal. In order also to obviate dead spaces on the other side, the upper end of the chamber 10 is also sloped in accordance with the angle of repose by means of a wall 30, in such a manner that a pentagonal In order not to cut into this service platform unnecessarily, access to the slides'21, for the short horizontal extent ot the channel 2li, can. be made from the end throughjan opening 32, which can always be closed by a brick.

What is claimed isl. An inclined furnace chamber structure for producing gas and coke, comprising in combination: an inclined retort;' vertical hea-ting llues arranged alongside the lower end of said inclined retort having their lower ends arranged in an inclined plane substantially parallel to the plane of inclination of said retort; vertical heating flues arranged alongside th'e u per ,end of said inclined retort having t eir lower ends arranged in a substantially 'horizontal plane; a regenerator below and communicably connected with the vertical lues alongside the lower end of said retort; a regenerator below and communicably connected with the ertical llues alongside the upper end of id retort, each of said regenerators .being vaptedA to alternate for inflow and outflow; tue regenerator forthe vertical flues alongside the lower end of said retort having its upper part arranged stepwise, each step being -dircctly connected 'with avertical flue, und the regenerator for the vertical fines alongside the upper end of said retort having the major portion of its upper part in a single horizontal plane for direct,` connection with its vertical .iluesa waste `gas collecting channel above said vertical tlues and communicably connectedA therewith, said channel being inclined throughout a portion of its length over the vertical filles alongside the lower end of said retort.. and extending horizontally throughout a portion' of its length over the vertical Hues alongside the upper end of said retort; the furnace `structure being formed to provide a chargloav ing platform over said horizontally extended portion of the waste gas collecting channel.

2. An inclined coking retort structure for producing*r gas and coke comprising, in conibina-tion: an inclined distillation chamber; vertical lues arranged alongsidey the lower end oi' said inclined distillation chamber havin;r their lower ends at ranged in an inclined plane substantially parallel to the plane of inclination ot' said chamber; vertaal llues arranged alongside the higher end of said inclined distillation chamber havin;Y their lower ends arranged in a eubstantiall)Y horizontal plane; regenerators directly connected with said vertical lines, said regenerators underlying;r said lues and being adapted to alternate for inflow and outflow. one ol said regenerators being: connnunicably connected with the vertical fines alongside the lower end of the distillation chamber. the upper part otl said one of said regrenerators being; arranged stepwise and each step directly communicating with a vertical tine; another of said rcgrenerators being connnunicably connected with the vertical tluei-` alongside the higher end of said distillation chamber, the upper part of said another ot said regenerators being' arranged horizontally to directly connect with the vertical lines thereabove; slides at the upper ends ot said vertical lues `l'or regulating the flow therefrom: a waste gas collecting channel above `said vertical fluege and communieabl)v connected therewith and arranged to provide an inclined channel over the vertical flues alongside the lower end ot the distillation chainber and a horizontal channel over the vertical flues alongside the higher end of the distillation chan'iber: said cokingn `retortstructure providing' a horizontal platt'orni above the horizontal portion of the waste gas collectinefy channel for charging the distillation chamber, said distillation chamber having the inner surface ot' its upper rear wall `sloping downwardly and outwardl)v at a substantial angle to the vertical whereby to prevent dead gas spaces resulting troni the charging ol said distillation chamber.

3. An inclined coking retort structure as in elainl 2, ehaacterized in that the slides for the upper ends of the vertical tlues alongside the higher end of the distillation chamber are arranged in the horizontal portion of the waste gas collecting channel and the adjustillig of the slides of said vertical tlues may be effected from one end ot the horizontal portion ot' the waste gas channel through an opening in the retort structure which can be closed b v a brick, whereby the horizontal platform is not unnecessarily eut into.

4. A coking oven having, in combination: an inclined coltinglr chamber; rcversibly operable regenerators thereunder adapted to alternate'for inflow and outflow; a series of upright heating fines alongside the coking chamber and coinnnlnicating with said re- `generators: a part of said series of heating flues being: disposed alongside the lower portion of said inclined coking chamber and arranged stepwise at successive greater heights and having their lower ends arranged in an inclined plane substantially parallel to the plane ot inclination of said chamber; and a part of said seriesy of heating flues beiner disposed alongside the upper portion ot' said inclined col in; r chamber and arranged in a substantially horizontal plane one after the other and having their lower ends arranged in a substantially horizontal plane; a waste `ras collect ing channel connnunicabtxv connectingr the tops of the upright heating fines disposed alongside the lower portion ot'v said distillation chamber with the tops ot' the u'iright heating fines disposed alongside the upper portion of said distillation chamber; said waste gas collecting channel having an upwardly inclined part over the stepwise lues and a horizontal part over the filles in said substantially horizontal plane: gas tlow control means at the top of each of said upright heating flues for controlling the flow through each of the heating fines to and from said waste gras channel: and elongated vertically arranged access paasages extending upwardlyv from above said waste gas channel through which the flow control means for the stepped fines may be adjusted.

ln testimony whereof, I have; hereunt sety niy hand this 25th dav of July, 1921.

HEINRICH KOPPERS