US1661566A - Motor fuel and process of refining oils - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 6 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAZAR EDELEANU, F BERLIN-CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR To ALLGE- MEINE GESELLSCHAFT FUR CHEMISCHE INDUSTRIE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

'MOTOR FUEJL AND PROCESS OF REFINING OILS.

No Drawing.

This invention relates to liquid fuel for hydrocarbon motors and contemplates the treatment of liquid hydrocarbons of the general character of commercial gasoline produced by fractional distillation or cracking processes to improve its volatility and reduce the tendency to knock in high compression and high speed explosion engines,

eing an adaptation of the invention described in my Patent No. 1,585,473, dated May 18, 1926.

It is known that present day commercial gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons of different family groups, including parafiines, napthenes, benzols, ethylenes and acetylen'es, and I have discovered that the ob'ectionable knocking may be improved by reeing the gasoline of certain of the saturated hydrocarbons, particularly the paraflines, having boiling points in excess of about 170 C.

38 F. boiling hydrocarbons from such gasoline would result in the loss of 30% to 40% of the fuel and the waste would be prohibitive commercially because the portion eliminated would be a poor uality kerosene of little value on account 0 .the presence of the unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons.

As an illustration of the operation of my improved process, I redistill commercial gasoline stock roduced by straight run fractional distil ation, particularly from crude oils rich in aromatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons, or by cracking processes, and containing various constituents boiling between the limits of 130 C. to 220 C. (about 265 F. to 428 F.), carrying the distillation to a terminal temperature of about 160 C. to 170 C. (320 F. to 338 F.). The distillate goes into the motor fuel, and the residuum is further treated with liquefied sulphur dioxide (SO to dissolve the unsaturated and aromatic constituents, for example, .according to the process of my Patent No. 911,553, dated Feb. 2, 1909. The extracted portion, freed from liquefied sulphur dioxide by heating until the latter is vaporized, is added to the motor fuel. The undissolved portion, which will vary in amount, dependtains mostly high boiling paraflines and may be finished to a very high grade kerosene or burning oil on account of the absence of aromatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons. u The motor fuel thus produced, although The elimination of all high points ing upon the nature of the distillate, con-- Application flled March 24, 1927. Serial No. 178,151.

containing substances boiling up to about 220 0., has a higher average volatility than the original gasoline stock, and is free from substances that cause objectionable knocking in engine cylinders. The loss in volume will vary according to the nature of the gasoline treated, and will be from about 5% for the more suitable stocks to about 15% for the less suitable stocks, which is not prohibitive commercially in viewof the greatly improved character of the product for use as a motor fuel and the by product, which is a very high grade kerosene.

The process is not restricted to operation upon gasoline fuel nor at the temperatures mentioned, as obviously it may be applied with advantage to any desired grade or kind of fuel for internal combustion engines to improve its volatility and reduce the objectionable knocking.

I claim the following as my invention:

1. The process of producing motor fuel from hydrocarbon stock containing ingredients boiling between 130 C'. and 220 C. by collecting the distillate from fractional distillation below 170 0., treating the residue with liquefied sulphur dioxide to dissolve unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbon constituents, freeing the extract thus obtained from sulphur dioxide, and adding the freed extract to the distillate. 2. The process of producing motor fuel from hydrocarbon stock containing a mixture of paraflines with napthenes, benzols. or other liquid hydrocarbons suitable for use as motor fuel, by collecting the distillate from fractional distillation below the boiling point of the heavier components of said stock, treating the residue with liquefied sulphur dioxide to dissolve unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbon constituents, freeing the extract thus obtained from sulphur d1- oxide, and adding the freed extract to the distillate.

3. A motor fuel com rising a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling low 170 C. with hydrocarbons soluble in lig uefied sulphur d1- oxide boiling under 220 1.

4. A motor fuel having an upper end bolling pointabove 200 C. comprising a mlxture of hydrocarbons, including parafiine hydrocarbons boiling at a maximum temperature over 30 C. below the upper boihng point of said mixture, and includlng na thenes, benzols or other hydrocarbons so no uble in liquefied sulphur dioxide and boiling heavier components, extracting the unsatat and below said up er boiling point, suburated and aromatic constituents from the 10 stantially as describe residue with liquefied sulphur dioxide, and

5. The process of treating commercial finishing the'insoluble ingredients of the 5 gasoline to produce anti-knock motor fuel residue as kerosene.

and kerosene that comprises fractionally In testimony whereof, I have signed my distilling said gasoline at a temperature name to this specification. substantlally below the boiling point of its TIAZAR EDELEANU.