US1655835A

US1655835A - Expansion-contraction joint

Info

Publication number: US1655835A
Application number: US526742A
Authority: US
Inventors: Albert C Fischer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1922-01-03
Filing date: 1922-01-03
Publication date: 1928-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 1945-01-10

Description

Jan. 10, 1928. 1,655,835

A. c. FISCHER EXPANSION CONTRACTION JOINT Ofiginal Filed Jan.5, 1922 Q @jNVENTOR (QW- v' A a 0 f) ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 10, 1928. v

UNITED S'I'A'I'ES PATENT OFFICE,

ALBERT C. FISCHER, DIE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EXPANSION-CONTRACTION JOINT.

.Applieation filed January 3,1922. Serial Heretofore, in concrete paving where contractlon was to be provided for it has been the pract ce to insert a piece of metallongitudinally or transversely below the surface,

so; that when the concrete block or slab is fully poured and completed the contraction joint is not visible at the surface. After the concrete sets and contracts the function-of these pieces of metal is to'cause a very fine crevice to develop thru the entire slab, so that it becomes visible on the surface, and

functioning in this way it is styled a contrac-' tion joint. 1 a

Further development in this style of allowing for expansion and contraction in concrete pavements can be made in which a wedge or angular formation is provided, so. that the projections developing in one concrete slab, by reason of filling in these projections in the contraction joint, penetrate the other .slabso that resistance is caused to any lifting action on the part of the concrete slabs. Some of these formations have been angular nd some half hexagonal in shape,

* with straight flanges extending on either side in a vertical position when placed. These contraction joints, while causing the crevice No. 526,742. Renewed Februaryl, 1926.,

tion to the projecting slabs of bituminous traction joints.

Expansion joints have usually been placed so that the upper edge of the joint was visible on the surface of the pavement, and in many cases was allowed to project above the surface, so that the traffic would form a sort of mushroom to over the crevice.

It can be rcadlly understood that the purpose of this invention is' to totally submerge both the contraction and expansion parts of this joint beneath the surface, so that when the concrete is finished and poured it will not be visible on the surface but will accomplish the same function, in causing a crevice to form across the surface, due to contraction. It will further function by waterproofing this crevice from Within, and upon expansion of the bituminous material, and also the pavement, it will cause the asphaltic substance to work its Way up through the crevice, so that after a hot period the bituminous material may often work its way to the sur-- face, while the base part will have a tendency to prevent moisture from coming up, filling the crevice from below, and in this manner the pending upon the requirements.

to form along a straight line across the con- (entire crevice will be kept waterproof, and at crete slab or in the surface above which the .the same time perform both the functions of contraction joint is inserted, do not prevent an expansion joint and a contraction joint. the ingress of water, street acids and the like, i The invention can best be understood by which would tend to hastily corrode the referring to Figure 1, in which (a) repremetal contraction joint, and also enter the sents an expansion joint placed over the subsoil underneath the slab, keeping the subflanges (0) of' the metal contraction joint soil and the crevice in a constantly wet damp (b), and in which (1)) is the nose projecting condition. into the adjoiningslab. 7 My invention provides for an'improved The concrete poured on either side 211K contraction joint which has many advan-' Over the jointfsothat the formation of the tages, and which also provides for the Water- 81:11) will follow the lines of the joint. b) proofingof the contraction joint automatimay be of any type of metal, and may be cally, as well as allowing a better pivot moeither. flexible or rigid. It may also be tion on the projection anchor in the adjoin-. coated with a protecting coat or suitably fining slab. This is caused by the insertion of a lshed to prevent adhesion to the slab of conbituminous slab of varying thickness, deretei The con In Figure 1 the projection of the contractr'action joint flanges are imbedded in the tion, joint (6) is semi-circular, so that the. bituminous slab on, either side of the projectslab adjoining this contraction joint may ing center. This not only tends to preserve pivot on the concrete and metal formed by the metal flanges but also has a tendency to the outline (b), and so that there will be protect the projection, because in expanding someroom for sliding motion by reason of in warm,.weather some of this bituminous the expansion joint. (a) fitted over the flanges material .will find its way along the surface 0), the effect in the paving or construction of theuncovered metal. will be the same for contraction purposes as It may be readily understood, of course, is caused by the similar insertion of the metal, that a metal contraction joint may be coated and in addition thereto will perform better with paint or bituminous material, in addipivot action, will allow for expansion as well as contraction,

I position and whenready to slabs arepoured agai given a core about which to pivot. The b will waterproof the crevice from within, and will extend itself automatically under pressure along the lines of the contraction joint (6); thus preserving the metal and keeping the entire joint waterproof. I believe it is entirely new to waterproof a joint from within, so that the material will find its way thru to the surface upon the development of crevices in the pavement. In Figure 2 I show an angular, flexible expansion contraction joint, flexible at the point (1)), having flanges (c). imbedded in bituminous expansion joint (a). The purpose of this arrangement is for better con-\ ditions for packing.

Figure 3 illustrates the same joint as shown in Figure '2 expanded when set in pour the con.- crete.

the joint so that'the expansion joint (a) mounted on the flange (0) can be packed in asuperposed position, as shown-in Figure 5. When placed in position for pouring concrete the superposed layers (a) are opened up, as in Figure 4:, the joint then functioning the same as that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 6 represents an expansion contraction joint formed in a manner to allow the (filling of the circular part (6 with concrete, and is surrounded on itsouter surface by expansion joint (11*). The flanges (0 arein this instance left uncovered and the nst the surface, and are tuminous ,expansion joint, upon compression, will expand along theflanges.(0 and keep Figure 1, except that (a?) being placed upon the joint superposed.

1 Figure? functioning as a contraction joint, and having attached to its center. on either side, walls of expansion joint material.

Figure 8 illustrates the same form as in the expansion joint (a) the flange of the contraction joint (6) is placed about the centerof the semi-circular section (b), the flanges (00) being protected merely by paint or other suitable substance.

instead of being on In Figure 9 the contraction joint (7) takes on asemi-hexagonal shape, with two extending flanges (0), the expansion joint the inner face of W)- In Figure 10 We have the same arrangement of the expansion contraction joint as in Figure 1, with the exception that holes (d) are punched thru the joint to allow the insertion of steel bars, metal pins, or the like, for thebfurther joining together of the concrete sla s.

It may be readily understood that there may be many variations of this expansion contraction joint, and that it may exist even in a very smali form, by inserting an expan- Figure illustrates a method of preparing indicates a straight piece of metal the expansion joint'-" does not come thru to the surface of the slab.-

In this case the expansion joint would function as a contraction joint and would perform the same service upon pressure and expansion, in waterproofing the crevice, the main difference being that it would not pro- Vide an insert into the adjoining slab. The appearance of this joint when imbedded would appear as in Figure 11. WVhen immediately finished would take the form as in Figure 12. When contraction has taken place and upon further expansion the bituminousmaterial would work its way to the surface as shown i Figure 13.

Again referring to Figure .1 (act) are expansion joints which may be made up of any suitable .material for that purpose. These expansion joints are primarily constituted of bituminous materials and mixed with fibre, cellular material etc. (b) illustrates a contraction joint with flanges (0) imbedded in the expansion joint (aa).

Figure 2 illustrates two expansion joints (am) having imbedded therein the flanges of a contraction joint (b formed of flexible material for the better packing of the joint in a small space.

Figure 3 illustrates expansion joint (aa) having imbedded therein flanges (cc) of a contraction joint (if) made of a flexible material, expanded in position to receive the concrete.

Figured illustrates an expansion contraction joint in which the expansion oints (aa) have imbedded thereinsthe flanges (c0) of a contraction joint (1) so shaped as to readily allow of the folding of the expansion joint (ad) and placed in superposed relation. I v

Figure 5 illustrates expansion joint (aa) having imbedded therein'the flanges (cc) of contraction joint (5) the expansion joint (an) being folded in a superposed relation for compact packing.

Figure 6 illustrates an expansion contraction joint in which the contraction joint (0) is circular in shape, having extended flanges (c0), expansion joint ('(a) being provided about the outer surface of the:contraction joint (6 the center of the circular space being adapted to be filled with concrete.

Figure 7 illustrates contraction joint (1)), having mounted upon its sides a centrally located expansionjoint (we).

Figure 8 illustrates an expansion contraction joint having the contraction joint (21) with extended flanges (c0) and placed upon the inner surface of the contraction joint (7)) and expansion joint (a I Figure 9 illustrates a contraction expansion oint, showing the contraction joint (7)) with extended flanges (00) the expansion joint (a being attached to the inner face of (5). j I

lie

Figure illustrates an expansion contraction joint, consisting ofxthe contraction joint (1)) having extended therefrom flanges (c0) and mounted thereon expansion joints (am), and holes provided therethru as'in (0?).

Figure 11 illustrates a concrete pavement (e) poured about an expansion contraction 'joint (a).

' expansion contraction joint (a) so that ithas elongated as shown at (g), and gradually filled the crevice (f) which has developed in the pavement.

Figure 14: represents contraction plate with extending prongs for the purpose of fastening in the ground.

Figure 15 shows how this contraction plate (6) can be driven through an expansion joint (a), where it is desired to have only a I slight elevation above the ground using narrow joints, spaced more frequently in road work.

claimed in divisionalapplications concurrently pending with this application.

It may be readily understood that expan sion joints may be used as contraction joints by using narrow widths of the expansion joint and placing them at suitable distances apart, so that the crevices will appear more frequently in the road, it being the function of these expansion joints, which act as contraction joints, to cause the concrete to split or form a crevice wherever they are located. The additional advantage -m using an expansion joint as a contraction joint in this respect is that after the crevice is formed, by using an expansion joint of expansible bituminous material these crevices can further be waterproofed, whereas when a steel plate is used this is not the case.

I claim:

. 1. A paving joint of changeable' vertical dimension, comprising upper and lower slab separating portions, and an intermediate portion connecting the same adapted to be varied in form to change the relation of the upper and lower portions.

2. A paving joint of adjustable vertical dimension, comprising upper and lower slab separating portions, and an intermediate connecting portion deflected from .the lane of the upper and lower portions and reely flexible to permit the last named portions to be folded one upon the other for shipment.

3. A paving joint, comprising upper and lower slab separating portions, an intermediate connecting portion, and compressible material-applied to both the upper and lower slab separating portions.

4. A paving joint, comprising upper and lower slab separating members composed of compressible material, and an intermediate portion of freely flexible material connecting said upper and lower members and adapted to hold them in substantially the'same plane while permitting them to be moved relatively one'to the other.

5. In combination a metal separating strip for concrete slabs, and a mastic crown for said strip, comprising a preformed strip of bituminous material having a slot therein made to receive the upper end of the separating strip, said slot terminating short of the upper edge of said crown.

6. Expansion-contraction joint, comprising a metal strip having an intermediate tongue and groove portion and fiat upper and lower ends extending vertically from said tongue and groove portion, and a compressible mastic strip mounted to the upper vertical projecting end.

7. Expansion-contraction joint, comprising a metal strip having ahorizontally' projecting intermediate portion and upper and lower ends extending vertically from said intermediate projecting portion, and coinpressible mastic strips mounted to said upper and lower ends. v

8. A preformed expansion joint, comprising a board-like body having a tongue on one side, a corresponding groove on the other'side, and a fiat portion arranged to one side of said tongue and groove, said joint embodying inits construction a thickness of plastic bituminous material rein forced by sheet material of lesser thickness. 9. An expansion o1nt, con1pr1s1ng upper and lower board-like portions of bituminous material and an intermediate tongue .and groove portion yoking together said boardlike portions and forming therewith an expansion joint.

10. An expansion joint, comprising upper and lower plastic, board-like members of bituminous material, and an intermediate member having horizontally presented tongue and groove, and yoking together said upper and lower members, said intermediate member also embodying in its composition bituminous material. I

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 31st day