US1652441A - Hat-forming machine - Google Patents

Description

De'c.13,1927. 1,652,441

. K. F. KRANEY HAT FORMING MACHINE Filed March 6, 1926 Patented Dec. 13, 1927.

NITED STATES PATENT caries;

KA FRIEDRICH 'KRANEY, or GUBEN, GEBMANY, AssIenoR r0 CARL HEINZE nAscHmnn-rABRIK a. oreUBE r,

GERMANY, a FIRM.

' HAT-FORMING llIACI-IINE' Application meg :ltarch 6, 19.2 sw rm). aaeen ain em an camber s, 1925.

This invention relates to a hat forming machine and nore particularly to a machine f u h: kin wh e y h vha te ial is picked or divided up by first or preliminary picking or idividingoperation andthere after by nsecond or final picking or dividing operation applied subsequently tot-he former. The invention has for ,its object to provide a machine of this kind, which i for the same Watk ns c pac y smaller dimensions and which may be manufactured ata considerablysmallercost. I

t further object Qfthis invention is to avoid certaindrawbacks inherent to the o.p eration of machines -ofthis kind, which are constructed in the ordinary way. One defeet of the known machines consists in the fact that frequently itsoperation will bedis-v turbed, as ,known to those skilled in the art, by improper operation of the travelling belt by means of which the hair naterial, which is; divided up by the first or preliminarydividing device,i is su,pplied to the secondor final dividing device.

In the heretofore gknown nachines, by reason of the comparatively large Width of the t-rax'elling belt, which must always be kept under a certain tension in order to evenly and uniformly carry forward the hair, it becomes difiicul t to drive this belt strictly in a straight line over all its width, that is to say in the direction of its centre plane of symmetry. Also, it frequently happens, that the travelling belt will hit or rub against the guiding bars which serve for guiding the belt on both of its sides, whereby folds will be formed in the travelling belt, as the latter is continuously pressed away in lateral direction. These folds .once made cannot be removed and will finally come in contact with the grooved intake or dra-wingjin rollers and thus gradually be wornoif, with the result thatthe travelling belt Will be prematurely rendered unfit. for service.

A o in c r l ng be are. employe which are protected against the formation 7 l of folds by providing closely adjacent wood sticks or the like on the belt, again the -Qb'? jectionable sideward pushing againstthe lateral guiding bars will take place. In this case also a one sided hitting or rubbing of the travelling belt against the lateral guiding members will have the result, that the retarded side of thebe-lt will remain inthe rear with respect to the non-retarded side will be of comparatively the first also offer clifficulties' in l fo t e final dividing devices. by having the hair material, which is di-; vided up by the preliminary dividing device, by means of a stream final dividing device.

thereof. igD'uring transit through the ,guidthe fact, that the ends of the lyone stick will beentirely separated from he trave l g b t d ief feh i take olle s of hair will be delayed this the entire machine e y dama d, r i

A further drawback of the heretofore y e entually a e i s l against wh sby h supp ay' and i'niadditibn,

known machines isfound in the fact that the said travelling belt, on account of its supporting rollers being entirely enclosed and itssurface being fully covered up withrhair in ts preln nnary condltion of'treatment,

- cannot well ,be observedand inspected with regard to its proper mode of operation.

Such inspect-ion of the'fb'elt, moreover, ve 1 Sh w ynll very fac t the p tien f the belt, which is rather dijfficult. V r p Machines having travel-lingbelt between and second hair dividing devices gaining access to the ing it willbe necessary to remove not only e; sunpente fo th upp a r t e be t but also the upper guides and even the entire box or compartment serving for the preliminary, treatment of the hair.

holes were provided'in the en-' closure thereof, would be rendered difficult generally arranged in horizontal or only slightly inclined condition, renders the proper observation of the belt ri rposes of repa F repair.

It is theprincipal object of this invention to dispense with the travelling belt between ,thefirst orpreliininary and the second or .This is accomplished carried in free motion a of air from the first dividing device to the This feature results in important technical and commercial advantages, as is subsequently more fully explained. V V V In order to more clearly point out the ad- Vvanta-ges in both structure and mode of "oporation attained by the novel machine made according to the instant invention, the mode of operation of the heretofore known type of machine en'iploying a traveling belt interniediate the first and final hair dividing devices may be mentioned. In such heretofore known machines the divided or picked hair fibres will adhere properly to the conical hat form only if the latter is in wet condition and since the air suction employed in such machines for drawing the hair material on to the hat form tends to quickly dry the latter, it is evident that the supply of hair to the form must be begun as soon as the latter is placed in position to receive the same. The operator will therefore place the hair material intended for the formation of a succeeding hat in position on the initial feed belt to be carried thereby through the first dividin device while the preceding hat is being finished upon the wet hat form, and while the hair material for the preceding hat is passing from the first dividing device on the intermediate traveling belt to and through the final dividing device. It fol lows, therefore, that when the preceding hat is finished, the supply of hair thereto must be stopped. In the heretofore known niachines the dividing devices operate continuously and interruption of the operation ot the belt and intermediate traveling belt is resorted to for the purpose of interrul'iting the deliver of hair to the hat form. Dun ing the standstill of the intermediate travcling belt the preliminary divided hair material, delivered thereon by the first dividing device for subsequent supply through the final dividing device to a succeeding hat form, will be whirled about by the air agitation caused by the continuously operating first dividing device, with the result that the preliminary divided hair fibres will tend to partly unite with each other or be felted to gether so as to frequently settle back upon the traveling belt in bailed or matted up masses or lumps, so that the work of the first dividing device will be partly nullified. and the tendency to form flakes or (lags, which fail to be entirely broken up by the final dividing device, is increased, with consequent formation of blemishes in the final hat forming OpCllll'lUlL In the novel machine according to the instant invention, the starting and stopping of or intermittent operation of hair conveying means is eliminated. and a mode of operation for hair delivery is provided which is complete in itself for each hat formerh and which is so carried on in a continuous mannor as to the formation of each hat that op portunity for the formation of blemish pro ducing flakes or dags is avoided.

B sides the afore-mentioned improvements of the supply of the hair there is fur-- ther attained by this invention an essential shortening of the length of the machine as well as a reduction of its weight.

Furthermore therewill be less space required for mounting the machine, whichis important in case a larger number of ma chines is desired to be employed in a limited space. By this shortening of the length of the machine essential technical and comn'ierrial advantages are obtained.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows an example of a hat blowing machine according to this invention in a lateral view partly in section, Figure 2 is a top view taken on Fig.1, and

Figure 3 a modification of the machine according to this invention employing only one perforated or sieve-like roller.

la the novel machine made according to this invention. the hair material to be treated is placed in the usual mannerupon the endless travelling initial feed belt 5, which is arrangial in front of the first or preliminary teasing or picking roller a, and conveyed by means of the intake rollers a, c to said first roller (B, into fine fiber material.

.iccording to this invention the first picking roller 0 is arranged in the lower por tion of an air chamber or conduit (Z, which, in preferred arrmigeiuent, extends steeply in upward direction. "Ihrough this conduit a stream of air will flow in the direction of the arrow c. said air being set in motion by the rapidly rotating picking roller a or by a :-.])t'l'ltll device suited for this purpose. This stream of air. which enters at the point f into the air conduit (Z, will carry with it the hair material in free and unobstructed motion in upward direction. The entrance opening f for the stream of air may be nlarged or narrowed in any desired manner. such as for instance by means of a door, slide or the like, not shown in the drawing. This door or slide is adjusted for producing the desired intensity of the stream of air, which is required for the hair material under treatment.

The desired quantity of air may also be obtained by means of special devices, for in stance by a draft producing cylinder or the like provided in therear of the preliminary dividing compartmeuh by employing a spe cial ventilator pressure p1pra by connecting a suction pipe to the exhauster and the sieve-like roller, said exhauster being always present in machines of this kind or also by any other suitable auxiliary means for producing a proper draft of the air.

The air conduit (ll may likewise be posi tioned in oblique or in horizontal direction without in any way -.lfi'ecting the mode of operation.

by which it is divided up Ill) The conduit (Z is provided with the observation hole or window 5 through which the motion of the hair may always be conven- 1 spasms may insp stsdwnd is "further, closed up t itsupp. r and .by e r m re rollers .h and servi aato e ch up. he hal Of this roller a r hown n .Eig l an a s.est,,-Qn should be c nst us ed's i Ps Q- ated rolle ser ing. $0 h d har of he ai Y V ThQSB perforated or sieve-like rollers will ml ylh h ir diufin the ota io t the.

supply rollers 0 oiyvhich convey the hair to .tllsse on or fina risking olle Y h w in igs .1 ends, ape orat d o sieve-like roller Operates in connection with s shspe s 3 who tree wi is p r orated a prq idetl W thin wi net g se vi g.

or t e' iss arge' of a r, said W re ne g arthe s r ing i 7 re a ning and ol ecting as: du ts-. fibre whi v ev ntu y beencariied a vayby thesieve-like roller h.

,part'oi the air, which passes through hesepduitd sndir icjh a ie with it the hlr'treated bythe first picking roller, may ls be a sed wa e -th ough t si i roller Thequantityof air partially disdial-rains thr ug th veik may be regulated at will bymeans oi' a movable slide ;Z or the dike, which may be made o cover p isgreatsr qrsma pa this roller.

The-hair material, which is still further i de hv th secon n ckins ro nal y .sq r ye in the-u ua ma n r y the l la t-prqd si g cylin er i d by re so of e. su ti ef c .o h e austsiy wh nt-shown in hs draw ng, t the vrotating qnisei shet f m in 'Upon this {hat form the Yl at Willbe formed by means of a spraying device as known;

aid spraying d vice n trbs ns h in the drayving.

In pera on f the o e mach n 9 this inyen tion, the operator,after' placing the hat-form in ,position', deposits hair material on the feed belt b in satlicient quantity tor the tormationpf the desired hat body. The feed-belt delivers this hair material to the first picking roller" a?. After passing the st e eki s'i' sra the he r ma i l, as prelii e r ly lo ssas qup her by is floated'byfthe air current in'the conduit d to the" v roller h, or rollers it and it}, as the case may ;be,. ,t,o be passed thereby through the supply rollers and 0 to and through the second picking roller a and thence to the hat form in the usual manner. Since there is no w n i lel hs e' n' he r an final dividing devices, but rather the preliminarily ened 1 7 div ded hair m te ia is fl a d in continuous motion from said first to said final dividing device, there is neither oppor-. tunity for bunching of the hair due to uneven-travel of a conveying belt, nor opportnnity for the hair to settle in balled or matted flakes or (lags While passing from one picking device to the other, and consequenty the likel hood-of produ ng b mi e hat b i i reduced o minimum- .At'tsr. enough hair is thus furnished to produce the desired hat {body ,on the hat .it'orm, theo pei ator discontinnes ,thefdeposit of hair material upon the .feed belt 6 until the preed ng 1 s isfinisheda h h for 0 1 ich he, atte i for d. i reamed an f p ed by another hat iform, after which the d?- posit. of hair materiajl for .a succeeding hat hair, furthermore, will be'SIlPPl Bd to the final divider by an essentially quicker notion, than had heretofore been possible, hlq fe particularly, this motionof thehair ke plac n =1 re ion p f ab y st eply nW 'dl o, a bal ing por .fel i g of hair material in the machine is entirely avoided according to this invention,

y re son of thespproxin tely perpen-l dic ular arrangement or the blowing channel 05 th length p th: chin wi l she 9 srab y duce Whichwill ot only be .of

advantage rega ing red ction .o g

butal so will practically eliminate the dis tul bi ig influence jexertedby the reciprocats mot ofasss -c e ide the mo n.

inspected.

The time which isrequired ifor conveying he d vide hai fr he 1 9mb ofent a c at .12 as far as to the conical hat form m of th hair may be conveniently observed or isso short that no i-further preliminary work, such as supply ng the hairqas early as during the spraying arid the exchange of the hat ,form, ,vvillbe necessary. By this the regtjeltinggofthe divided hair will be avoided and the attendance of the m achine rendered essentially more easy and considerably simplifiedr 1. In a hat forming machine having a receiying chamber provided with a hair intake opening and a hat form Within said chamber, means for dividing hair -material' and delivering'the same, comprising an air conduit having an air inlet at its lower end, a rotative preliminaryhair dividing means at the lower end of saidair conduit adjacent to said air inlet, means to feed hair material to said preliminary dividing means,

a rotative final hair dividingmeans intermediate the upper end of said air conduit and said intake opening of said receivmg chamber adapted to deliver hair through the latter for deposit on said hat form, and means adjacent to said l'inal hair dividing means adapted to both discharge air from the upper end of said air conduit and receive the hair for passage through said final dividing means, said preliminary dividing means being adapted by its rotation to induce an upward flowing air current through said conduit operative to transfer the hair from said preliminary to said final dividing means.

2. 111 a hat forming machine having a receiving chamber provided with a hair in takeopening and a hat form within said chamber, means for dividing hair material and delivering the same, comprising an air conduit having an air inlet at its lower end,

a rotative preliminary hair dividing means at the lower end of said air conduit adjacent to said air inlet, means to feed hair material to said preliminary dividing means, a rotative linalhair dividing means intermediate the upper end of said air conduit and said intake opening of said receiving chamber adapted to deliver hair through the latter for deposit on said hat form, androtative means arranged across the upper end of said conduit adapted to discharge the air stream therefrom but to retain and deliver the hair to said final dividing means, said preliminary dividing means being adapted by its rotation to induce an upward flowing air current through said conduit operative to transfer the hair from said preliminary to said final dividing means. I

3. A machine as defined in claim 2, having means cooperative with said lotative perforate means to vary the air discharge capacity thereof.

4. In a hat forming machine having a receiving chamber provided with a hair intake opening and a hat form within said chamber, means for dividing hair material and delivering the same, comprising an air conduit having an air inlet at its lower end, a rotative preliminary hair dividing means at the lower end of said air conduit adjacent to said air inlet, means to feed hair material to said preliminary dividing means, a rotative final hair dividing means intermediate the upper end of said air conduit and said intake opening of said receiving chamber adapted to deliver hair through the latter for deposit on said hat form, a pair of hollow perforate rolls arranged across the upper end of said air conduit adjacent said linal dividing means adapted to discharge the air stream therefrom but to retain and deliver the hair to said final dividing means, and a catch chamber having one end in communication with a portion of the perforate surface of one of saidrolls, said preliminary dividing means being adapted by its rotation to induce an upward flowing air currentthrough said condult operative to transfer rotative linal hair dividing means intermediate the upper end of saidair conduit and said intake opening of said receiving chamber adapted to deliver hair through the 1attor for deposit on said hat form, a pair of hollow perforate rolls arranged across the upper end of said air conduit adjacent said linal dividing means adapted to discharge the air stream therefrom but to retain and deliver the hair to said final dividing means,

a catch chamber-having one end in com munication with a portion of the perforate surface of one of said. rolls, said Preliminary dividing means being adapted by its rotatlon to induce an upward flowingalr current through said conduit operative to transfer hair from sa1d prehminary to said final dividing means, and means to cooperate with the remaining perforate roll to vary the air discharge capacity thereof.

6. A method of operating hat forming machines which consists in dividing the hair in a preliminary dividing device, inducing a stream of air adjacent to said preliminary dividing device and directing the same to ward a final dividing device, discharging said stream of air adjacent to said final dividing device while at the same timeseparating the hair therefrom for passage through the latter device, and then de1iver ing the finally divided hair upon a hat form.

In testimony whereof I haveailixed my signature.

KARL FRIEDRICH KRANEY.

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