US1651684A - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US1651684A
US1651684A US379236A US37923620A US1651684A US 1651684 A US1651684 A US 1651684A US 379236 A US379236 A US 379236A US 37923620 A US37923620 A US 37923620A US 1651684 A US1651684 A US 1651684A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
relay
armature
armatures
core
auxiliary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US379236A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erickson John
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automatic Electric Inc
Original Assignee
Automatic Electric Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automatic Electric Inc filed Critical Automatic Electric Inc
Priority to US379236A priority Critical patent/US1651684A/en
Priority to GB12370/21A priority patent/GB162673A/en
Priority to FR535113D priority patent/FR535113A/fr
Priority to DEA35444D priority patent/DE388940C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1651684A publication Critical patent/US1651684A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/20—Non-polarised relays with two or more independent armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures

Definitions

  • My invention relates in general to electromagnetic relays but more particularly to such relays as are commonly known as marginal relays; and the object of theinvention may be stated to be, specifically, the provision of a marginal relay having definite and permanent operating characteristics, the preferred embodiment of the invention comprising a relay operable in two stages responsive to two different current values which, because of the sharply defined operating characteristics of the relay, may fluctuate within rather wide limits without causing failure or wrong operation of the relay.
  • Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a simple form of the relay
  • Fig. 4 shows the circuit of a well known type of rotary line switch in which the new relay is used as a combination cut-off and switch ing relay
  • Figs. 5, 6, and 7 show an improved form of the relay which is adjustable to operate on different current values.
  • the relay may be for the most part of any preferred construction and as shown here it comprises a pair of windings which are wound on the core 2 which is supported by the heel piece 3.
  • the heel piece is also attached any desired combination of contact springs and also the principal armature 4.
  • the latter is secured to the heel piece by means of a bracket 5 to which the armature is pivoted, the bracket being fastened to the heel piece by means of the machine screw 6 and washer 7.
  • an auxiliary armature which is mounted on the principal armature and is retained in place by the cap or housing 8.
  • a top view of this housing is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the construction and function of the auxiliary armature can'best be under stood by an inspection of Fig.
  • the housing 8 is made of brass or other non-magnetic metal and is secured to' the principal armature 4 by means of screws 9 and 10.
  • the auxiliary armature is a rivet shaped plug of soft iron and comprises an enlarged head portion 12 and a short body or shank 13. The shank of So farv I have provided,
  • the relay is provided with a winding designed to give a maximum magnetization, being, however, connected in a circuit at the outset which contains a very high resistance.
  • This resistance should be in the form of a rheostat in order to demon: strate the operation to advantage.
  • the relay is provided with only one windin designed to give a maximum magnetization, being, however, connected in a circuit at the outset which contains a very high resistance.
  • the example was chosen for the purpose of conveniently demonstrating the properties of the relay, and the efi'ect of increased magnetization upon its operating qualities.
  • the relay may be provided in practice with a plurality of windings, that is to say, with a plurality of coils, each designed to produce a certain magnetization of the relay.
  • the relay being atwo-stage relay, I have provided two windings upon the core of the relay, one winding operating initially in the low stage, and the other in the high stage of the relay. A detailed explanation of this condition will be given later on.
  • a relay constructed on the above described principles is very positive in its operation, and it is believed that such relays will be found very useful in the telephone and other arts.
  • Fig. 4 This is a circuit diagram of a well known type of rotary line switch such as is shown and described in chapter 15 of Automatic Telephone Practice, by Harry E. Hershey. In this line switch as it is ordinarily built, there is only a single winding on the cut ofi relay C,'connected as shown in the case of the lower winding on relay 0, Fig.
  • the relay C may be of the type shown in ig. 1, or of the type shown in Fig. 5 and yet to be described, and has two windings which are so wound as to give a cumulatlve magnetizing effect.
  • the line comprising conductors 18 and 19 is called, the
  • the cut off relay at once operates and now, since the magnetization is greatly increased by the addition of the magnetizing efiect of the upper winding, the relay is completely operated and the contact springs 23-25, inclusive, are brought into en age: ment with their working contacts. fter the line relay L falls back the armature of relay C is maintained in its final operated position by means of a holding circuit through the lower winding alone, established by way of the test wiper 26 in the usual manner. Since the relay is. very positive in its operation it will work with almost any kind of windings connected as shown, but the best arrangement is to make the lower winding partly of copper and partly of German silver with a total resistance of about 1300 ohms.
  • the upper winding is preferably wound entirely with copper and is an eflicient winding'which gives perhaps twice the magnetizing eifect of the lower winding.
  • the above remarks relating to the windings of the relay apply, of course, equally to the relay shown in Fig. 1 and to that shown in Fig. 5. That is to say, each of the two relays may be provided with two windings as intimated above, the relay shown in Fig. 5 offering the additional advantage of permitting an adjustment of the magnetic circuit, as is more clearly pointed out below.
  • the adjustment consists obviously in changing one or both of the critical points.
  • the first critical point is changed by merely changing the tension of does the relay shown in Fig. l, but which is considerably modified in mechanical construction in order to take care of the adjustment feature.
  • This improved relay is shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7.
  • Fig. 5 is a side View showing the new construction of the auxiliary armature
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged top view
  • Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line BB, Fig. 6.
  • the relay itself may be the same as the relay shown in Fig. 1.
  • the principal armature 34 is the same also and is mounted in the same manner. It is not however, perforated in the center above the core, as is armature 4 of the relay shown in Fig. 1, but is cut away a trifle at the front so that it does not extend clear over the core.
  • the auxiliary armature is of entirely new construction,'and comprises a member 42 which is made of'brass and is pivoted on the same rod with the principal armature, as shown clearly in Figs. 6 and 7. To the pivoted member 42 is secured an L shaped piece of soft iron 40, the two being fastened together by means of brass rivets 45 and 46. These rivets project downward as shown most' clearly in Fig.
  • main and auxiliary armatures said armatures being spaced apart from each other and from the core of said relay to ,forma gap between the said main armature and the said core, a second gap between the auxiliary armature and the said core and a thirdgap between the said armatures, means for magnetizing said relay, both armatures being responsive to said magnetization to close the said second gap and shorten the said first gap without altering the third, means for increasing the magnetization, the main armature being then alone responsive to close the said first gap and increase the said third gap, and means for adjusting the length of the third gap to vary the amount of increased magnetization required to; fully operate said main armature.
  • main and auxiliary armatures means for energizing said relay to operate both armatures, a high reluctance magnetic circuit including both of said armatures, a leakage path including only the main armature, means for'increasing the magnetization of said relay beyond the saturation point of said high reluctance circuit, the main armature being responsive to the resulting magnetic flux in said leakage path, and adjusting means for varying the reluctivity of said high reluctance magnetic circuit.
  • a magnetic circuit including both of said armatures, a second magnetic circuit including the main armature but excluding the auxiliary armature, means for initiallly magnetizing said relay, the resulting magnetic flux being effective to fully operate said auxiliary armature and to partially operate said main armature, means for increasing the magnetization beyond the saturation point of said first magnetic circuit to produce a magnetic flux in said second circuit effective to said main armature, and adjusting means for'altering the saturation point of said first magnet circuit.
  • a heel-piece having a core mounted thereon, main and auxiliary armatures hinged to said heel-piece, said main and auxiliary armatures included, in the int) hit)
  • a heel-piece hav ng a core mounted thereon, main and auxillary armatures hinged to said heel piece, s'a1d maln and auxiliary armatures included 1n the magnetic circuit of the relay in series with said core and heelpiece, said armatures being spaced apart and completely separated by a medium of high reluctivity to introduce a high reluctance gap in the circuit, and an adjusting device for bridging more or less of said gap as desired.
  • a two-stage relay a plurality of contact sets on said relay, a magnetic circuit closed at the end of the first stage of operation, a second magnetic circuit closed at the end of the second stage of operation, said first circuit having a lower initial reluctance than the second circuit but a higher reluctance when said circuits are closed, means controlled by said armature for operating certain of said contact sets at the end of the first stage of operation and for operating other of said contact sets at the end of said second stage of operation, an armature included in both of said circuits, and means for adjusting the closed circuit reluctance value of said first circuit;
  • long and short stroke armatures subject to mutual magnetic attraction and operating as a unit responsive to a low degree of magnetization without altering their positions relative to each other, the long stroke armature being brought to rest in partially operated position when the short stroke armature completes its stroke, and
  • an electromagnetic relay a pair of windings and a magnetic circuit with three separate gaps, and a movable armature included in said magnetic circuit responsive to the third gap, said armature also responsive to the energization of the other of said coils to close the said second gap and widen the said third gap without opening the said first c n 10.
  • long and short stroke armatures subject to mutual magnetic attrac tionand operating as a unit responsive to a low degree of magnetization, the long stroke armature being brought to rest in partially operated position when the short stroke armaturecompletes its stroke, and magnetic circuits for operating said armatures as set forth and for causing the long stroke armature to complete its stroke responsive to an increased magnetization, and means for adjusting the amount of increase in magnetization required to operate said armature to complete its stroke.
  • a magnetic circuit causing mutual attraction between said armatures and between the short stroke armature and the relay core, both of said armatures operating simultaneously until the short stroke armature completes its stroke, and a second magnetic circuit for causing mutual attraction between the relay core and said long stroke armature sufficient to-overcome the mutual attraction between said armature and operate the long stroke armature to complete its stroke, and means for adjusting said second magnetic circuit to control said mutual attraction between said armatures.
  • a relay provided with a core carrymg a coil, a magnetic circuit, an armature for said relay having a main and an auxillary element, the auxiliary element being mounted close to the core and the main element at a greater distance therefrom, said armatures being responsive as a unit to normal magnetization of said core to advance the auxiliary element into engagement with said core without altering their positions with respect to each other, and the main armature alone being responsive to an increase in the magnetization of said core to displace the main and auxiliary elements relative to each other and to advance the main element into engagement with said core.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
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US379236A 1920-05-06 1920-05-06 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime US1651684A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US379236A US1651684A (en) 1920-05-06 1920-05-06 Electromagnetic relay
GB12370/21A GB162673A (en) 1920-05-06 1921-04-29 Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic relays or like devices
FR535113D FR535113A (fr) 1920-05-06 1921-05-06 Perfectionnements aux relais marginaux
DEA35444D DE388940C (de) 1920-05-06 1921-05-10 Elektromagnetisches Relais mit gegen den Hauptanker beweglichem Hilfsanker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US379236A US1651684A (en) 1920-05-06 1920-05-06 Electromagnetic relay

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1651684A true US1651684A (en) 1927-12-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US379236A Expired - Lifetime US1651684A (en) 1920-05-06 1920-05-06 Electromagnetic relay

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1651684A (de)
DE (1) DE388940C (de)
FR (1) FR535113A (de)
GB (1) GB162673A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441041A (en) * 1941-04-10 1948-05-04 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Two-step relay
US2456036A (en) * 1945-11-23 1948-12-14 Automatic Elect Lab Relay yoke
US2847621A (en) * 1953-10-01 1958-08-12 Pollak Corp Joseph Relay switches
US20180253587A1 (en) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Zwipe As Fingerprint sensor system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441041A (en) * 1941-04-10 1948-05-04 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Two-step relay
US2456036A (en) * 1945-11-23 1948-12-14 Automatic Elect Lab Relay yoke
US2847621A (en) * 1953-10-01 1958-08-12 Pollak Corp Joseph Relay switches
US20180253587A1 (en) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Zwipe As Fingerprint sensor system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR535113A (fr) 1922-04-10
DE388940C (de) 1924-01-25
GB162673A (en) 1922-02-16

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