US1643711A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept- 27, 1927.

-[ "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mm c. nmwnmoxson, or wrcnrra 1m *rnxas, ASSIGNOB or ONE-HALF 'ro WAL- man 1:. camrnnm. AND one-nammo 1.. n. namn, norm or runsa, oxmmomn CARBUBETOB.

Application tiled November 27', an. Serial No. 603,490.

' such as crude oil, are separated fromthe oil and used as a fuel for internal combus tion engines.

I am aware that prion-.to my invention crude oil has been treated by carbureting apparatuses so that. not only the lighter ends but someof the heavier ends-have been distilled off from the oil to bQwllSBd as components of an explosive mixture. In the prior apparatuses and under prior methods the crude oil'after treatment shows an ap: preciable loss of those hydrocarbons which are the essentials of gasoline.

My invention comprehends particularly means for taking off only the very light ends and leaving the crude in practicallyits original condition. That is to say, there is no appreciable loss ofhydrocarbons in the crude after treatment other than would be liberated in the tanks. After treatment the oil. is still of high enough specific gravity to meet the requirements of pipe line tests for oils contaimng gasoline. This isan important feature-of the invention because if the crude oil is subjected to very high temperatures, not only the very light ends will as .ofl but the gasoline ends will be distille off with them. The result will be that the value of the oil will be materially depreciated be cause it will not come within the limits specified by the pipe line companies for the oil direct from the well. K

In carrying out my invention I subject the crude oil directly from the well or storage tanks to heat but the temperature... to which the oil is subjected is below that which will distill ofl the gasoline ends.

The novel construction of my invention as well as the method of operation will be understood. by reference to t e following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional view through a carburetor constructed in accordance with my invention, and r Fig. 2 is a perspective view ofthe carburetorconnected to a conventionaltype of engine. I

Incarrying out the invention I provide. an elongated cylindrical casing 1, in which is located an elongated pi e2, which runspractically from end to en of the casing 1.

The pipe 2 is adapted to be connected to the exhaust pipe 3 of the gas engine 4 through the medium of an opening 5, and the pipe 2 exhausts through aconstricted opening 6 at the opposite end of the casin strlcte opening 6 is simply a choke port for the pipe 2 and it may be fastened to the end plate 7 of the casing 1 in any well known manner. For convemence, however, I refer to pack the joint around the constricte port 6 and the end 7 by nuts 8 and 9,and I prefer to use a suitable packing between the nuts forobvious reasons. Y

The casin 1 is a vertical casing and near the bottom is a perforatedisk 10, dividing the easing into an upper chamber 11 and a lower chamber 12. The upper chamber is adapted to contain a suitable porous material and for convenience I recommend coke on account of its porosity but I do not wish to The con-' be limited to this material as other materials obviouslytake its place. elow the disk or sup ort 10 is the chamber 12, which has an out et opening 13, leadmg to an outside flow-tank (not shown).

Within the upper chamber 11 and s aced fromthe absorbent bed 14 is a distri utor shown as a perforated ring 15, having near its inner diameter a depressionor distributmg groove 16. the inner edge of which extendsu ward in the form of an insulating the pipe 2.

The distributing groove 16 is supplied with oil from a supply pipe 18, connected to the source of oil supply. The chamber 12 communicates with atmosphere-through a plurality of air supply pipes 19. There ma be anynumber of these pipes arranged a out the casing 1 but ordinarily I employ four. The port areas of they pipes 19 may be controlled by hand valves 20. i

The heat for raising the temperature of the oil is supplied by the exhaust from the engine 4, the exhaust gases passing through the ports 3, through the opening 5 and through the pipe 2 and thence to atmosphere through the restricted opening or ort 6.

The porous bed 14 will absor the-oi1', which will flow from the distributor 15 through the openings 1 21 in sub-divided streams, resembling rain; that is the oil will be rained down upon the coke bed without coming in direct contact with the pipe 2. This will be due to the fact that the perforations 21 are all about a ring, spaced from the pipe 2. The porous bed 14 will absorb the heat from the pipe 2 and transmit it to the oil at a relatively low temperature but above the normal temperature of the oil so that only the 'ver light ends will pass ofi into the gas chamber 22 above the coke bed.

Since the gas chamber 22 has an outlet 23, communicating with the intake 24 of the engine, it is obvious that for each suction stroke of the engine, a vacuum or partial vacuum will be created in the chamber 22 so that air will be drawn through the pipes 19, and through the porous bed 14 where it will be impregnated with some of the lighter hydrocarbon ends and then further mixed with the gas in the chamber 22 prior to passing into the engine.

I have found in actual practice that with an apparatus conforming to the invention above described the relatively low heat is enough to liberate the very light ends and provide a mixture when combined with the air suflicient to furnish power for the engine 4 but that the gasoline ends are not distilled off as would be the case if the oil came in direct contact with the hot pipe 2. Therefore, the resultant product passin through the pipe 13 after the lighter ends ave been distilled off shows no appreciable loss in gravity or volume and the oil still contains the gasoline ends which render the oil salable as a high class crude.

Another important feature of the invention is the utilization of the porous bed between the air intake and the air exhaust for the casing 1 because, obviously, since the air must pass through the porous bed, the bed will serve a dual purpose in that it holds the oil by absorption while it gradually has its temperature raised and in addition, filters out any impurities fromthe air. Therefore,

bons comprisin it serves both as a heat exchanger and as an air filter, it being understood, of course, that when the device is in operation the oil is continuously passing through the coke bed and carryin away any impurities which are taken out o the air by the porous bed.

What I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A device of the character described comprising an 11 right casing, a conduit for hot gases exten ing centrally through said casing, a pair of s aced perforated plates mounted to extend rom said conduit to said casing and spaced from the ends of said casing, a bed of porous material supported by the lower of said plates and terminating in spaced relation to the upper of said plates, a gas outlet and an oil inlet above the upper of said plates and an oil outlet and air inlets below the lower of said plates, said u per plate having an oil groove therein into w ich said oil outlet discharges and from which oil may flow over and through said plate to distribute the oil over the bed of porous material below said plate.

' 2. In combination with an oil flow line, means for extracting the lightest hydrocar- 0 a casing inserted in the fiow line, the flbw line being connected to the casing so that the inlet is at the top and the outlet at the bottom of the casing, a porous bed in the casing in spaced relation with the ends of the casing, a conduit for conveying heated gases passing through the casing for heating said porous bed, means for trickling the oil uniformly through the porous bed in divided streams, an air inlet below the porous bed for passing air through the porous bed in a counter flow to that of the oil and an air and gas outlet at the top of the casing.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

DAN C. HENDRIGKSON.

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