US164264A - Improvement in explosive compounds - Google Patents
Improvement in explosive compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US164264A US164264A US164264DA US164264A US 164264 A US164264 A US 164264A US 164264D A US164264D A US 164264DA US 164264 A US164264 A US 164264A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nitro
- explosive
- improvement
- compound
- glycerine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 22
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 20
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UHBVTTDRNVAOJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropane-1,2,3-triol Chemical class OCC(O)C(O)[N+]([O-])=O UHBVTTDRNVAOJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002757 inflammatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Chemical class O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxalate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940075930 picrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M picrate anion Chemical compound [O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/02—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
- C06B31/12—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/20—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
Definitions
- My invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of explosive compounds, in which nitro'glyceriueis employed, in combination with some absorbent material; and it consists in the solidifying of the nitroglycerine by mixing it with one or more artificial salts having the property of being incombustible and insoluble in nitro-glycerine, and alsoin mixing it with other combustible or explosive salts which are soluble in nitro-glycerine, the effect of the first being to produce a compound with no tendency to form explosive solutions in the nitro-glycerine, nor masses,
- the efi'ectof the peculiar explosive and soluble salts which I employ is to give a more forcible explosion, and particularly a more sustained and continuous combustion of the mass, which will result in the complete explosion of the'whole charge; and a further advantage, that I am enabled to dispense with the dam gerous fulminating-capsule now employed to explode this class of powders, and substitute for it a comparatively mild and positively harmless exploder, which can only be dis charged by ignition.
- the first deterioration arises from the fact that some of the component parts of this earth will dissolve in the nitroglycerine, and thus form in the midst of the mass an explosive compound as liable to be decomposed or exploded as the nitro-gly'cerine itself, and it would thus form a detonator having the same efl'ect upon the whole mass, if accidentally discharged, as the fulminating-capsule which is used when it is. desired to explode a charge. This renders the compound more or less unsafe, and its composition always uncertain.
- the other form of deterioration causes a. dif-' ficulty in exploding the-entire mass-of a charge and this arises from a certain amount of foreign matter contained within the absorbent, which interferes considerably with the percussive and inflammatory efl'cct of the detonator, thus causing a portion of the charge to be thrown out unexploded, and reducing the efliciency proportionately.
- My powder is, on the contrary, composed of an incombustible salt, formed artificially, with the object of obtaining a perfectly homogeneous composition, with which the nitro-glycerine is mixed, and thus rendered inert and safe until it is desired to explode it, and with this composition is also mixed an inflammable and explosive salt, which is soluble in nitroglycerine.
- This latter salt although explosive when fired, is not easily susceptible of such effectunder ordinary circumstances, and does not make the nitro-glycerine of the compound' dangerous by reason of its solubility.
- the insoluble and incombustible salts which I have thus far tried audfound useful for the purpose are silicates of zinc, magnesia, and lime, the oxalate of lime, the carbonate of zinc, and some others which are similar in their nature, and allot these are prepared artificially by'the processes "proper to them, with a view to making them chemically pure.
- the soluble-and explosive salts which I employ are all the mineral and organic pier-ates.
- composition of some of my powders the-proportion of'nitro-glycerine being varied and in some instances it is less than would eflective in any of the present nitroglycerine compounds: Nitro glyoerine, forty parts; nitrate of potash or soda, twentyfive parts; .a picrate, ten parts sulphur, fiveparts; a salt insoluble and incombustible in nitro-glycerine, as described, ten parts; carbbm ten parts. 'iotal, one hundred parts.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
rnunnnc'lo CASTELLANOS, or sun FRANCISCO, CALI ORNI IMPROVEMENT m sxPt-osu/E communes.
Specificai ion forming partof Letters Patent No. 16 3 426$, datr d June 8, 1 875; application filed October 27, 1874.
GAsE 4.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known' that I, PRUDENGIO GASTEL- LANOS, of San Francisco city and county, State of California, have invented an Improved Explosive Compound; and I do hereby declare the following description sufficient to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which'it most nearly appertains to make and use my said invention or improvement without further invention or experiment.
My invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of explosive compounds, in which nitro'glyceriueis employed, in combination with some absorbent material; and it consists in the solidifying of the nitroglycerine by mixing it with one or more artificial salts having the property of being incombustible and insoluble in nitro-glycerine, and alsoin mixing it with other combustible or explosive salts which are soluble in nitro-glycerine, the effect of the first being to produce a compound with no tendency to form explosive solutions in the nitro-glycerine, nor masses,
which will hinder the complete explosion at the proper time by reason of extraneous matter, and this will be evident from the fact of the salt being artificially prepared, and consequently omogeneous. The powder will thus never become more dangerous by a lapse of time after its manufacture, and can always be transported safely.
The efi'ectof the peculiar explosive and soluble salts which I employ is to give a more forcible explosion, and particularly a more sustained and continuous combustion of the mass, which will result in the complete explosion of the'whole charge; and a further advantage, that I am enabled to dispense with the dam gerous fulminating-capsule now employed to explode this class of powders, and substitute for it a comparatively mild and positively harmless exploder, which can only be dis charged by ignition.
This exploder is fully described in another application for Letters Patent made in this connection.
In the compounds now manufactured from nitro-glycezine, in which an infusorial earth' ble to deterioration in two ways, for the reason that the absorbent is not entirely homogeneous.
The first deterioration arises from the fact that some of the component parts of this earth will dissolve in the nitroglycerine, and thus form in the midst of the mass an explosive compound as liable to be decomposed or exploded as the nitro-gly'cerine itself, and it would thus form a detonator having the same efl'ect upon the whole mass, if accidentally discharged, as the fulminating-capsule which is used when it is. desired to explode a charge. This renders the compound more or less unsafe, and its composition always uncertain.
The other form of deterioration causes a. dif-' ficulty in exploding the-entire mass-of a charge and this arises from a certain amount of foreign matter contained within the absorbent, which interferes considerably with the percussive and inflammatory efl'cct of the detonator, thus causing a portion of the charge to be thrown out unexploded, and reducing the efliciency proportionately.
My powder is, on the contrary, composed of an incombustible salt, formed artificially, with the object of obtaining a perfectly homogeneous composition, with which the nitro-glycerine is mixed, and thus rendered inert and safe until it is desired to explode it, and with this composition is also mixed an inflammable and explosive salt, which is soluble in nitroglycerine. This latter salt, although explosive when fired, is not easily susceptible of such effectunder ordinary circumstances, and does not make the nitro-glycerine of the compound' dangerous by reason of its solubility. Its ofiicel is to so permeate the mass andoccupy every part of it that, when the charge is ignited by the detonator, a complete and=sustained combustion of the whole mass will take place, resulting in its total explosion, thus obtaining the full benefit of it.
The insoluble and incombustible salts which I have thus far tried audfound useful for the purpose are silicates of zinc, magnesia, and lime, the oxalate of lime, the carbonate of zinc, and some others which are similar in their nature, and allot these are prepared artificially by'the processes "proper to them, with a view to making them chemically pure. The soluble-and explosive salts which I employ are all the mineral and organic pier-ates.
I have found the addition oficertain proportions of nitrate of potash, chlorate of potash,
carbon, sulphur, and other substances, to be useful, although not absolutely essential, takjng care not to use sulphur and chlorate 'of potash in any one compound. v
The following is the composition of some of my powders, the-proportion of'nitro-glycerine being varied and in some instances it is less than would eflective in any of the present nitroglycerine compounds: Nitro glyoerine, forty parts; nitrate of potash or soda, twentyfive parts; .a picrate, ten parts sulphur, fiveparts; a salt insoluble and incombustible in nitro-glycerine, as described, ten parts; carbbm ten parts. 'iotal, one hundred parts.
It will be seentli at the 'proportions'can be;
varied as occasion may require, and that oh- .vious substitutes maybe had for portions of the compound, and the compound may also be limited to the three elements which I make the basis of the-powder, as at first described.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim,-and desire to secure by Letters Pat- PRUDENCIO oAsrELLAuos. {L.s.]
' Witnesses:
. Gno. H. STRONG, Y
O. M. RICHARDSON.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US164264A true US164264A (en) | 1875-06-08 |
Family
ID=2233673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US164264D Expired - Lifetime US164264A (en) | Improvement in explosive compounds |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US164264A (en) |
-
0
- US US164264D patent/US164264A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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