US1642088A - Roofing cleat - Google Patents

Description

Sept, 13', 1921. 1,642,088

T. M. SCARFF ROOFING CLEAT Filed July. 21 124 I cleatQ Patented Sept. 13, 1927.

ran-Man- M. scnnn'r, or srnme VIALLEYLOHIO.

ROOFING GLEA'I.

Application ar a July 21,

My invention relates to roofing andmore particularly to an anchor cheat or batten for securing. sheet roofing in 'lace and the method of applying and 'ancli oring overlapping roofing sheets. by means of such cleats or battens. i y

In the present invention, superposed overlapping roofing sheets are secured in place by means of spacedcleats or batte s, which overlie the exposed portions of such roofing sheet, firmly holding the sheet fla't upon the roof fpreventing their being raised or torn by the wind and preventing entrance of moisture. The Q. pos'itfe ends of thecleats or battens throng J'Which they are nailed to the roof are concealed and protected by the succeeding rooting sheet. The cleats or battens -co 1nprise strips of sheet'metafl or other suitable material, sufficiently still and in flexible throughout fthe' gr'eater portion of theirlength to, resist bendingmovement but having that, flexible e'nds;.' These cleats or battens are preferably though not necessarily, reinforced and strengthened by being 7 longitudinally corrugated, such corrugation terminating inspaced relation with the ends 01' the strip. The ,cleat or batten thus formed is of inverted channel shape, and is applied with its fco'ncave side downward, contacting the roofing sheet along its. margin, and enclosing therebeneath a bold-y of air, thus preventing the abcu'mulati'on and retention of moisture bcneaththe retaining The lower endofsuch cleats are upturned and secured; beneath the roofing sheet, while theupper portion of the cleat extends across. the exposed portion oi the overlapping roofing "sheet and is secured beneath the succeeding sheet. The exposed portion of the overlapping ro fing {sheet subjected tov extremes of temperature is thus held securely in place but free for expansion and contraction. The anchor c-leatsare arranged in spaced relation with those pertaining to succeeding overlapping sheets 0 set or staggered in relation with those se-,

curing adjacent sheets fving the effect, of a shingle roof with the cleats, defining the width of the shingles and representing the intervening s aces; i v

The object of theinvfent'ion is to improve the method of applying sheet roofin m te ial wher y such were m m tin will be A i. l i 'str ting reef win not only be 1 24.. Serial v n). 729339; I

efficient in use; of increased durability, capable of being-easily and rapidly laid, and unlikely to get out of repair.

A further ob'ect of the invention is to provide means for securing sheet roofing wherein all attachment nails will be conreeled and protected from the weather and wherein the exposed portion of the overlapfping'shets will be free to expand and contract without subjecting the attachment nails to strain. or tea'irihgthe'roofin enlargin'g" the nail; holes or otherwise ucing l 1 1 A in their object of 'the'invention is to p oves a roofing 'clea'awhich while-strong and resistant 'willpossess minimum Contact surface with the'roofing sheet; thereby Infinm'rzing the retention of moisture and deterioration of the roofing sheethene'aththe cleat. f I

A further object of the invention is to provide as an article of manufacture, an

improved form of roofing chat or batten.

A further object. of the invention is to provide an improved method of laying sheet roofing as herein described and to further provide a roofing which will have the general appearance of a shingle root.

With the above primary an other inc idental objects in V-lfijV as Will more fully ap e -in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the

par s an m i ations her f and the inode of operation; or'their equivalents as hereinafter described and set forth in the claim I v I Referring to the accompanying drzmrings wherein is shown the preferred, but; oho ly' n ne ss r ly t e only rm. f embodiment of the in ention, Fig. 1 is a perspective view-of a portion of a root struc t'ure illustrating different stages or steps in e'methoi o pply g s eetroofi g y the y' ln he imp o e fn-esent' process 'emp or'mvo f .-'anhor cleat or batten. Fig. 2 is an, enlarged detail sectional view of a sucaccessi ns f s erp sed v rlapp n roofing sheets, appli d by th present m hod an he use of the batten or '(rlea 't. 3- i Y a %rspe(5tive view of a batten or d n before .e i appli d to e. o Fe 4 i lustrates di, rent r of the c 5 sandman. perspect e ew-fi hiaherxn eieeion showing sand 'cleat til) having attachment ends of reduced thickness. Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a further modification wherein a hollow cleat is filled with asphalt, or the like, and the attachment nails are driven through the exposed portion of the cleat.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 is an ordinary building roof covered with the usual sheeting boards 2, on which is laid the artificial sheet roofing. Commercial sheet roofing is made in a great many styles and qualities. The usual basis of such roofing, however, is a felt saturated in asphalt and covered with round slate, small gravel or other silica pressed into the asphalt saturated felt. Such sheet roofing is flexible in character and ordinarily is sold commercially in rolls. However, the particular characteristics of the roofing per se forms no part of the present invention. In the pre sent instance, this roofing of what ever character is laid in strips. These strips may be produced'by cutting the commercial rolled roofing longitudinally. At the present time, such roofing is commercially sold in widths of thirty-two to thirty-six inches. Such standardized roofing is preferably split into two equal strips, by cutting the roll in halves. These strips are laid in superposed overlapping relation as shown at 3, 4t and 5. The strips are extendedtransversely across the roof, that is at right angles to its direction of inclination, and are overlapped one upon the other, to expose to the weather, a little less than one half the width of each strip. By this construction, the roof is of double thickness, except along the margins of the overlapping superposed strips, where it is of triple thickness, since each roofing strip extends for a short distance of an inch or two beyond the margin of the second succeeding strip as indicated at 6.

The cleats or battens 7, by which the roofing strips are held in superposed relation are preferably narrow strips of galvanized iron, zinc, copper or other suitable sheet metal. However, these battens or cleats may be made of fiber, composition, reinforced asphalted felt, or other suitable material having the requisite stiffness or rigidity to resist warping, and the characteristic of resisting atmospheric and climatic condition. The cleats or battens 7 when of sheet metal are preferably longitudinally corrugated 0rcontour of the reinforcement corrugations or channels may be varied as shown in Fig, 4. Such corrugation orchannel may be of inverted V shape as shown atlO, or may be of'oval or circular form as at 11, or in lieu of these shapes the margins of the cleat or batten. may be downturned or flanged as at 12. Different shapes of the corrugations or reinforcement channel of the cleats may be utilized to afford variety of appearances of the roof applied in this manner. The purpose of corrugations or channels .in any event is the stiffening and reinforcement of the sheet or batten. This might be achieved by making the cleat or batten of increased thickness, sufiieient to resist bending strain,

with its ends flattened or reduced in thick ness, shown at 13 in 5.

In applying the roofing, a plurality of the cleats or battens are nailed in inverted spaced relation as shown at 14 in Fig. 1, by driving the nails 15 through the fiat flexible ends 9, and through the underlying roofing strip. The succeeding roofing strip is then placed in position with its lower and exposed margin overlapping the nailed cleats or battens. The attached ends of the cleats or battens and the nails are thus concealed and protected from weather beneath the margins of the overlying roofing strip 5'. The cleats or battens 7 are then turned upwardly and backwardly over the superposed roofing strip 5, the attached extremity 8 of the strio being bent upon itself to parallelism with the bight enclosing the margin of the superposed strip of sheet roofing. The

reverse end of the cleat or batten is then secured by a nail 16 driven therethrough and through the roofing sheet 5 at a point beyond the marginal line of the sue-ceding roofing sheet or strip. The cleats or battens pertaining to each succeeding roofing strip are offset or staggered, that is to say, those holding each strip are placed mid-way between the spaced cleats of the precceding,

strip. While the reinforced cleats or battens are sufiiciently stiff and rigid to clamp the exposed portion of each roofing strip or sheet in place, such exposed or overlapping portions of the roofing sheet are not positively attached, but are capable'of expansion and contraction under varying temperature conditions without expanding the cleat or straining its attachment. hen such sheet roofing is nailed through the exposed portion of the sheet, thebiickling and wrinkling of the sheet when expanded by summer heat or the contraction and strain of the sheet when contracted during winter weather, not only strains the attachment nails, but tends to enlarge the nail hole, inducing leakage. The presentmethod of applying the roofing overcomes this difficulty and obviates the danger ofleakage by clamping the exposed portion of the overlapping sheets in place,

with sufficient pressure to prevent them from being raised or'distorted'bythe wind and to preventthe entrance of. moisture thereunder, yet leaving such exposed overlappng portions sufiiciently free to compensateffor expansion and contraction. Moreover, inasmuch as the attachment nails are in every instance concealed and protected by the superposed roofing strip, any enlarged'nail holes. will 'be protected against the entrance of moisture and the attachment nails are protected'againstrust and corrosion.

With the use otsolid cleats or battensas muinyandfia body of air is confined within the hollow interioror channel of the cleat, which will tend to prevent the collection and retention of moisture.

lVhile not so efiicient and desirable as the construction previously described, there is shown in'Figs. 6 and? a modified form of cleat or batten, which is nailed directly through the exposed portion of the overlapping roofing-strip. In this instance the batten consists'of a strip 17 of asphalt'and feltsimilar to the sheet roofingmaterial,

or other material of similar characteristics,

which stri is enclosed in a covering 18 of sheet metal the margins. of which are downturned .or flanged over the enclosed strip 17 of yielding material and preferably clenched thereon as at 19. The metal armor or casing' 18 is extended'atone end slightly be-' yond the yielding compressible strip 17 as shown at 20 forming a lip or ledge to overhang the margin of the nextisucceeding roofing sheet. The opposite end of this form of cleat or batten maybe provided with an extended flexible tongue to be unclerturned or bent about the marginal edge of the particular roofing sheet which it secures, as in the construction shown in F igs. 1, 2 and 3. Howeveninlieu thereof, the batten may terminate flush .w ith the secured roofing sheet, the armo'r or casing being down-turned over the edge of the yieldingcompressible.interior strips of the cleat as shown at 21; The roofing sheets being laid in superposed overlapping relation the form of cleat shown in Figs. (Sand 7 is applied at spaced 7 intervals with the lower end of the cleat flushwith the secured sheet and the upper end of the cleat overlapping the succeeding roofing sheet as at 20, and the cleat or batten is secured in place by mus cs; driven directly through the cleat and underlying sheet of roofing material.- The'i'nails 22 penetrate the armor or "casing and" the interior compressible ielding strip 17. "This strip 17 being of materialof similar characteristics to'the; roofing will. conform closely to' 'the nails 22 driven ther'ethrough, tending to seal the jointfor nail hole and: prevent entrance of moisture. Furthermore, during warm sum mer-"weatlier, the" enclosed strip 17 and the roofing sheet will be sufficiently softened to unite or adhere one to the other, thus afi'ord ing a further sealed joint.

The cl at s or battens being located inofiset spaced relation as before described,

separate the succ'eeding."roofing sheets into shingle 7 like sections, which gives to the roofwhen viewedf'roma distance the ap-- pe'arance of a shingle roof, the/crevices between succeeding shingles of which are rep resentedby' the cleats or battens. 1 From the abovedescription it will ap parent that there is thus provided 'a device of the character described possessing" the particular features of" a'dr'rantage' before enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its 'form, proportions, detail "construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing; any of its advantages. 1

While in order to comply with the statute the invention has beendescribedinlanguage more or less specific as to" structural features, it isto be understood'that the invert tion is'-not limited to the 'specific' details shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprises the preferred formofseveral modes of putting'the invention into effect and the invention is,' tliere fore,*claimed in any of its'formsor modifications within the legitimate and valid scolpe of the appended claims; I k r aving thus described my invention, I claim: I

- 1; The herein described "method of anchoring superposed overlapping roofing sheets, consisting in nailingto the portion of each'sheettojbe overlapped by the succeeding sheet, a plurality of inverted stay cleats, superposing the succeeding roofing sheet over'the nailed portionsof the in verted cleats, bending the nailed cleats upon themselves to a reverse position about the overlapping margin of the superposed roofing-sheet. whereby the reversed portions of the cleats will overlap the superposed roof ing sheet, nailing the free end of -such're versed portions to thefsuperposed sheet at a point removed fromthe margin of such sheet and in position to be overlapped by the succeeding roofin sheet these stay cleats pertaining to succee ing roofing sheets being ofi'set in spaced relation from those pertaining to preceding and succeeding roofing sheets. 2. The herein described method of anchoring superposed overlapping roofing sheets consisting in enclosing the margins of the overlapping portions of said sheets in the bights of hook shaped anchor cleats by securing one arm of the bight to the underlying roofing sheet and securing the other arm thereof to the overlying sheet in spaced relation with the overlapping margin and in such position that the point of attachmentwill be overlapped by the succeeding sheet, the anchor cleats pertaining to different roofing sheets being independent of each other.

3. A roof comprising a plurality of superposed overlapping roofing sheets and hook shaped anchor cleats enclosing within their bights the overlapping margins of the superposed sheets, with the underlying portion of the bight secured to the overlapped sheet and the overlying portion of the cleat secured tothe superposed sheet and overla ped by the-succeeding sheet, such under ying portions of the anchor cleats being of less thickness than the exposed intermediate portions thereof. Y

4. A roof comprising a succession of superposed overlapping roofing sheets and a pluralityof anchor cleats attached at one end beneath one of said sheets and at their opposite ends beneath the succeeding superposed sheet, the attached portions of the cleat being of less thickness than the intermediate portions, the reduced portions being covered and concealed by the overlapping portions of successive sheets.

5. A roof comprising a succession of superposedoverlapping roofing sections, and a plurality of inverted channel shaped anchor cleats-overlying the successive sections with their ends concealed and covered by the overlapping portions of succeeding sections. I

6. The herein described method of applying sheet roofing, consisting in laying a succession of superposed sections in overlapping relation, nailing a cleat through the first section beneath the overlappingportion of the second section, bending such cleat about the edge and over the top of said second section, nailing the opposite end of the cleat through said second section, and superposing the third section .over thenailed second end of the cleat. v

' 7. The herein described method of applying sheet roofing, consisting in laying a succession of superposed sectionsin overlapping relation, and applying attachment cleats by securing their opposite ends beneath the overlapping portion of succeeding sec tions whereby the points of. attachment are concealed and protected from Weather.

8. A roof structure comprising a succession of superposed overlapping roofing sheets and a plurality of cleats overlying each roofing section with one end of such cleats underturned beneath the section overlayed by the body of the cleat and the opposite end of the cleat extending beneath the next succeeding section of the series, said cleats being secured at their opposite ends.

9. As an artlcle of manufacture, a channel shaped roofing cleat having flattened extremities.

. 10. As an article of manufacture, a roofing cleat comprising a longitudinally corrugated strip of material flattened at its extremities.

- 11. As an article of manufacture, substan tiallystiif roofing cleat terminating in a flexible extension.

12. As an article of manufacture, a roofing cleat or the like, comprising a strip of sheet material, reinforced to resist bending strain throughout its medial portion, such rein forcement terminating in spaced relation with its ends whereby the ends of thestrip 15. A roof comprising a succession of Sn perposed overlapping sheets, and'a plurality of anchor cleats extending at right angles to the margins of the superposed sheets at spaced intervals with their opposite ends secured beneath the overlapping portions of succeeding sheets, the exposed intermediate portions of the cleats being of increased thickness, the anchor cleats pertaining to each sheet being offset in relation With those of adjacent sheets giving to the roof the appearance of comprising separate shingles.

16. A roof comprising a succession of superposed overlapping sheets and a plurality of anchor cleats overlyingIthe succeeding sheets and having transversely spaced contact engagement therewith at the margins of the cleats and fiat terminal extensions on saidcleat being concealed beneath succeeding sheets. I

1 In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of July A. D. 1924.

TRUMAN M. SCARFF. 3

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