US1638163A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

H. G. KRAUS Aug- 9 BOILER INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS 2 Sheets-Shea 1 F ed March 5, 1924 Aug. 9, 1927. 1,638,163

' H. G. KRAUS BOILER Filed March 1924 2 Sheets Sheet 2 INVEN TOR.

AT TORNEYS.

radar.

Patented Aug. 9 1927.

PATENT/OFFICE.

HARRY G. KRAUS, OF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

BOILER.

Application filed March 5, 1924. Serial No. 696,976.

This invention relates in general to boilers or water heaters and more particularly to a boiler for steam or hot water heating systems for buildings.

Que object of the invent-ion is to provide a boiler of this character embodying novel and improved features of construction whereby gaseous fuel may be effectually and economi cally utilized for generating steam or heating water.

Another object is to provide in such a boiler a novel ,and improved arrangement of water tubes whereby a circulation of water relative to the heating medium is obtained which enables a minimum utilization of the heat and a rapid generation of steam or heating of water.

A further object is to provide a novel arrangement of water tubes and gaseous or liquid fuel burners whereby a large area of heating surface for the water is provided in efficient in operation and to obtain other results and advantages as may be brought out by the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference characters designate corresponding and like parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a boiler embodying my invention, taken on the line 11 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the boiler taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a detached perspective view of one of the bafiles for directing air upwardly to the flames of the gaseous fuel burners and protecting the same from soot.

In the specific embodiment of the invention shown on the drawing, the reference character A designates the main casing of the boiler which includes an outer wall formed of sides and ends 1 and 2 respectively, and a top 3, said outer wall surrounding in spaced relation an inner wall including sides and ends 1 and 5 respectively, and a top 6. The main casing A is preferably rectangular in plan View and the lower edges of the sides and ends of the respective outer and inner walls are connected as at 7 to form an annular water chamber 8 between said sides and ends of the inner and outer walls and a steam chamber 9 between the tops ofthe outer and inner walls. The inner wall forms a water tube and combustion chamber 10 which is open at its bottom, and the casing A is preferably mounted on a base B in which are arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber 10 gaseous fuel burners C for heating the water in the boiler. The upper end of the combustion chamber 10 is formed with a vent opening 11 extending outwardly through the top of the casing A and adapted to be connected with a suitable flue 1-2 for carrying off the gases of combust-ion, and the top of the outer wall of the casing is formed with steam or water outlet openings 13 to which are adapted to be connected steam or water pipes or conduits for conducting the steam or hot water to the desired points. i

A plurality of series 1 1 of water tubes are spaced longitudinally of the casing A within the combustion chamber 10, eachof said series including two tubes and 16 spaced in the same vertical plane. Each of said tubes 15 and 16 has one end communicating with the water chamber at one side of the casing A adjacent the lowerend thereof and has a portion extending transversely of the chamber 10 substantially horizontally, and another portion arranged substantially vertically with the other end communicating with the water chamber at the opposite side of the boiler adjacent the top thereof. Alternate ones of said plurality of series 14 of the water tubes have their ends communicating with the water chamber at opposite sides of the casing. In other words, the lower ends of the tubes of one of said series 1A are connected to the water chamber at one side of the casing, while the lower ends of the tubes of the next adjacent series 1 1 are connected to the opposite side of the water chamber. WVith this construction the water may circulate from the lower ends of said tubes 15 and 16 transversely of the chamber 10 and then vertically thereof to the top of the water chamber.

Alternately arranged with respect to the series 14 of tubes is a plurality of series 17 of water tubes, each of said series 17 including two tubes 18 and 19. One end of ill one tube of each of said series, in the present instance the tube 18, communicates with the water chamber atone side of the easing adjacent the lower end thereof, and the tube extends horizontally and ver ically in the chamber with the other end communicating with the top of the water chamberber, as do the alternate ones of the series 11 ofthe tubes, and the tubes 18 and 19 of each of the series 17 are spaced from each other in the same plane. Also, the tubes 18 and 19 communicate with the water chamher at different levels than the tubes of the series 14, as clearly shown in Figure 1. As shown, the tube 18 of each of the series 17 is arranged substantially half way between the tubes 15 and 16 of the su'ies 14, while the tube .19 ot each of the series 17 is arranged above the tubes 16 of the series i l. There is thus a staggered relation of the tubes 01 the respective series 1 1 and 17 which permits a tree passage of hot gases from the burners C through the combustion chamber 10, and at the same time all of the series 11 and 17 are arranged closely adjacent each other so as to occupy a minimum amount of space.

With this construction it will be obvious that the circulation of water in the water chamber of the boiler is greatly increased, and that a large area oi heating surface is provided in the tubes 15, 16, 18 and 19. The water level of the boiler is preferably slightly above the top 6 of theinner wall, as clean ly shown on. the drawings, and said top forms in eiiect a crown sheet for the boiler which is directly heated by the hot gases from the burners C. The water will become quickly heated in the water tubes and will quickly rise therein to the top of the water chamber, andto avoid the possibility of the water sporting from the upper ends of the water tubes in columns or jets so as to break through the surface of the water into the steam chamber and thereby mix with the steam, the upper ends or the tubes are preferably curved outwardly toward the sides of the casing, as indicated at 20. Withthe articular arran 'ement of the tubes the opposite sides out the water chamber ensures that the water at opposite sides of the chamber will be uniiormly heated and a circulation of all or" the water in the water chamber ensured. V

A baffle plate 213 is preferably arranged over the horizontal portions of the water tubes and extends transversely thereoflongitudinally of the chamber 10 so as to defleet the gases of combustion onto the vertical portions of the tubes and prevent .the passage of'said gases directly through the vent 11. In this connection, .itwill be noted that the vent is substantially centrally di posed with respect to the chamber 10 so that the gases must directly contact with thevertical portions of the tubes before they ca escape through the vent 11.

i It is an important feature of my'invention to produce a combination and arrangement of water tubes and fuel burners so that gaseous or liquid fuel may be economically used and the maximum heating value 01 tained therefrom. 1 therefore contemplate using elongated burner tubes 21 one of which is arranged directly beneath each of the series 1 1 of tubes and substantially the full width of the combustion chamber 10. The horizontal portions ofthe tubes 15 oi said series 14rbeing lowermost in the chamber 10, the flames from the burner tubes 21 will directly contact with said portions of said tubes, and these portions of the tubes will deflect the flames and gases of combustion upwardly into contact with the horizontal portions of the tubes 18, which will in turn direct the gases'upwardly into contact with the tubes 16. These tubes 16 will in turn direct the gases upwardly into contact with the tubes 19. There is thus a tortuous passage provided around the tubes which ensures the extraction and utilization of a maximum amount of the heat from the hot gases, one end of each of the tubes 21 being connected to a manifold fuel supply pipe 26 and the lie-w of fuel from said pipe to the respective burners being controlled by valves 27. 7

One end of each of the burner tubes 21 may be mounted in a socket 32 formed in the base B, while the other ends of the tubes 21 may be supported by a suitable stand 33 connected to the manitoldpipe 2.6. A pilot light 31 is preferably provided between each two of the burner tubes 21 to simultaneously ignite the fuel from all of said burner tubes as iscommon in gaseous fuel burners.

To prevent the accumulation of soot or other foreign matter on the burner tube and to provide for further mixture of air with the gaseous fuel, I may utilize a baffle plate 35 which is preferably formed of sheetmetal and V -shaped in cross-section with the edges formed with laterally projecting tongues 36 which may be conveniently stamped from lea the plate. One of these bafiies is arranged between each two' of the burner tubes 21 and supported thereon by the tongues 36, so'that the plates are arranged in spaced relation to the tubes 21 and direct air upwardly between them and the tubes into the flames from the burners to increase the completeness of the combustion. Also, these currents of air rising between the baffle plates 35 and the tubes 21 tend to displace any soot or other foreign matter which may fall onto the tubes, said foreign matter being collected on the tops of the baffle plates and being easily removed by removal of the baffle plates. To permit access to the burner tubes, the base B is preferably provided with a hinged door 37.

To prevent in ury to the boiler by accidental cXplosion of gaseous fuel which I might collect within the combustion chamber 10, the said chamber is preferably provided with vent openings 38 at opposite sides thereof which are normally closed by gravity-closed doors 39. Should an explosion occur in the chamber the doors 39 will be forced open so as to reduce the force of the explosion on the interior of the boiler. These openings 38 may also be utilized for removing the baffle for the purpose of cleaning the water tubes. V

l fhile I have shown and described a boiler embodying certain details of construction, it will be understood that this is mainly for the purpose of illustrating a now preferred embodiment of the invention and that many modifications and changes can be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself except as. required by the following claims when construed in the light of the prior art. 7

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is: y

1. A boiler comprisinga main casing hav-. ing spaced outer and inner walls forming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber within said inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of spacedand substantially parallel water tubes each having one end communicating with the lower end of said water chamber at one side of said casing and its other end communicating with the upper end of said water chamber at the opposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lower portion inter mediate its ends extending substantially horizontally across said water tube chamber and the other portion substantially vertically, and heating means at the lower end of said water tube chamber.

2, A boiler comprising a substantially rectangular main casing having spaced outer and inner walls forming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber tion substantially vertically, and heating means at the lower end of said water tube chamber.

3. A boiler comprising a main casinghaving spaced outer and inner walls forminga water chamber between them anda water tube chamber within said inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of substantially parallel series of water tubes spaced longitudinally of said water tube chamber each of which includes a plurality of spaced substantially parallel tubes, each of said tubes having one end communicating with the lower end of said water chamber at one side of said casing and'its other end communicating with the upper end of said water chamber. at the opposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lower portion intermediate its ends extending substantially horizontally across said water,

tube chamber and the other portion substantially vertically, alternate ones of said series of tubes having their corresponding .ends communicating with opposite sides of said water chamber, and heating means at the lower end of said water tube chamber.

i. A boiler comprising a main casing having spaced outer and inner walls forming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber within said inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of spaced and parallel series-of tubes in said water tube chamber each of which includes a plurality of parallel tubes spaced in the same vertical plane, each of said tubes having one end communicating with the lower end of said water chamber at one side of said casing and its other end communicating with said second-mentioned series conimunicat-r ing at their ends with said water chamber and arranged in staggered relation to the tubes of the first-mentioned series, and heating means at the lower end of said water tube chamber. V

A boiler comprising a main casing having spaced outer and inner walls forming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber within said inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of parallel series of tubes in said water tube chamber each of which includes a plurality of parallel tubes spaced in the same vertical plane, each of said tubes having one end communieating with the lower end of said water chamber at one side of said casing and its other end communicating with the upper end of said water chamber at the opposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lower portion intermediate its ends extending substantially horizontally across said water tube chamber and the other portion substantially Vertically a plurality of other series of tubes arranged in said water tube chamber in alternate relation to said first-mentioned series, each of said second mentioned series of tubes including a plurality of parallel water tubes spaced in planesparallel to the planes of said first mentioned series and the tubes of said second-mentioned series communicating at their ends with said water chamber and arranged in staggered relation to the tubes oi the first-mentioned series, and a fuel burner arranged at the lower end of said water tube chamber directly beneath each of said first-mentioned series of tubes and substantially parallel with the horizontal portions of the tubes or said first-mentioned series.

6. A boiler comprising a main casing having an inner wall forming Within itselta water tube chamber open at its lower end and formed with a vent at its upper end, said inner wall being surrounded in spaced relation at its top, sides and ends by an outer wall the lower edges of which are connected to the lower edlg'es of said inner wall to form an annular water chamber between said side walls and ast am' chamber at the top, a plurality of water tubes each having one end communicating with the lower end of said water chambenat one side of said casing and-its other end communicating with the upper end of said water chamber at the opposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lower portion intermediate its ends extending substantially horizontally across said water tube chamber.

and the other portion substantially verti-- cally the upper ends of said tubes being curved outwardly toward the sides of the casing to prevent the water therein from being; projected into the steam chamber at the top of said casing and heating means Ll 1 "1 1 at- 51116 lowei end of sale water tube chamoer.

HARRY G. KRAUS.

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