US1637695A - Burner for hydrocarbon and similar fuel - Google Patents

Description

Ang. 2, 1921.

R. E. GoLDsBRoUGl-l BURNER FORV'HYDROCARBON AND SIMILAR FUEL Filed Feb. 9.4 1923 HHHHHHHHHU||\\ J0 LJ Rohm-T Edwfn oldsbrough `is supplied, gasifie'd therein, and introduced Patented Aug. 2, 1927.

fU-NlrlTfEan 'STAT-.E5

rHSRO'BILBXI."EDTW'IN GOLDSBROUGI-I, OF CONSETT, ENGLAND.

BURNER FOR HYDROCARBON ANDv SIMILAR FUEL.

Application filed. February 9,' 1923, Serial No. 617,986, and in `Great BrtanFebruary 16,1922.

xatomized' by steam andi the mixture of fuel `and steam 1s then' raised to a high tempera- Vture :whereupon decomposition takeswplace and-affixed gas,for aV mixture offixed gases, is produced. j

Inr carrying out'this inventiongl lemploy twochambers into one Vof whichl the mixture into the other chamber for'combustion, the

`hea-tof the combustion being utilized to heat 4the chamber `Whereto .the vn'iixture is'sup- Vplied in order uo-*produce fixed gases' by the reaction of the steam and fuel.

n By this means depositv ofcarbon from the fuelin the chamber toV Which'the fuel isI sup-plied may, by suitably varying the conditions of the reaction,"be' avoided.

:ByWay of-.examplefl 'willfully describe,

With reference tothe accompanying drawings, a vapor burner according. to my invention appliedr to -theflre flue of a. Lancashire orr`likeboilerit being understoodthat my invention is` not. 'limited` to this application.

In.' the ldrawings '.Figure l fis a longitudinal section, and, Figure is a'plan, toa larger scale, of the mixing chamber. Referring to) the drawings, in*y the example "therei-n.' illu'strated,. a is `'the fuel-and-steam vmixture conduit Vwhich l. constitutes they -one YAYchamber and is formed by 'an outer casing surrounding aspiral flange c 4aroundithe exterionof a'castiron Vbarrel Zserving as the other chamber. The casing b is .attached to a'plate e closing the'front ofy thelire `flue f of the boiler, and a lcowl g is provided which has openings t controlled by a revoluble shutter j whereby the admission of air to the interior of the barrel d can be regulated. Steam is supplied to a mixing chamber 7c through a pipe m controlled by a valve n and terminating in nozzles p, the centre one of Which is separately controlled by a valve Q. Liquid fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber lc through a pipe 7 controlled by a. valve s and terminating in nozzles t in the Way of the jets of steam issuing from the side nozzles p. There is no fuel nozzle in the Way of the centre steam jet p.' The valve u controls the main steam supply,

l the jets p being atomizcrs for the fuel and actingas auxiliarysupplies of'stea'm. By

providing the centrenozzlefp'with afseparate-valve Q, the -main steam supplycan-be regulated for all pressures, :vanditis not opened until the'conduit alias been heated to red-ness. vThemixing chamber 70 communicates With the outer endY of the conduit a. to a storage reservoir or othervvise'conveniently. While the barrelfd is` illustrated as -being of slightlyl conicalfshape,ithis'is not essential. vHowever, itis found'that'by giving the yinside bore yof the barrel d a slighttap'er, the smaller kdiameter 'being *at the open end, a gradation of temperature-is results. Insulation is `or may lbe :provided around the casing b .as indicated at z.

lobtained in thebarrelwhich'gives improved l It will be seen that, When the'barrel-Z is y red.hot,-fuel supplied tothe mixing chamber 7c is atomized yby thesteam jetsi'from'` the nozzles p and interni-ingled With the-steam,

passes through the conduit a. While trav-y ersing the conduit 'athe particles offuel .are decomposed under the action of the heat and carbon is deposited uponthe internal surface of the conduitwhilel the "freed-hydrogenv passes on'. The deposited carbonjbecomes red-hot'and combmeswith the oxygen ofthe .superheated steam yto `formcarbon- -monoxide,' theV` freedfhydrogen of the` steam passing on; The passage of the vsteam and ufuel 'througn'the conduit 'a converts them into a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen-Whi`ch,'when burnt,'produces a hot smokeless liame. The gaseous mixture leaves the conduit by the pipe o and it, or some of it, is used to feed the burner y in the barrel CZ whereby the combustion is effected and the barrel is kept red-hot.

The length of the conduit a and the pro portions of steam and fuel supplied to the mixing chamber 7c are adjusted so that all the carbon deposited bythe fuel in `vthe conduit is taken up by the oxygen of the superheated steam and no residue is left in the conduit. I have found that satisfactory results can be obtainedivith a barrel of six inch bore and fifteen inches long with a half-inch square conduit of about twenty turns by using steam and fuel in the proill portion of about three pounds of Vfuel and nine pounds of Water iii the form of superheatedsteam.` 'Preferably the pressure of the steam Will be superposed on the fuel, there being no adverse effect from condensation occurring in the fuel reservoir. Should aV carbon deposit accumulate in. the conduit owing to too high a proportion of fuel being supplied to the mixing chamber 7c, the

accumulation can be removed by shutting off the fuel and passing steam alone through the conduit, or, less rapidly, by increasing the proportion of `steam to fuel supplied to the mixing chamber.

W'hen starting the burner, the conduit a, may, if desired, be heated to red heat by previously produced gas from storage being burnt at the burnerg/,brrich gas, produced by opening the fuel and side steam nozzles t and. j?, may be passed through the conduit a and burnt at the burner y to heat the barrel Z to redness.

Thus by my invention I provide an apparatus thatvvill simultaneously produce gas and burn it on, what may be termed, a closed-circuit system, thus establishing a `self-contained unit adapted for universal service. y

If desired, air may be used as a substi- `tute for, or as an adjunct to,\tlie steam.

` lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. For 4producing gas from liquid hydrocarbons, apparatus comprising, `in combination, a conduit, means for raising said conduit to va high temperature, and means for introducingthe hydrocarbon andV an atomizing fluid therefor into said conduit, said means including a mixing chamber posi-y ing chamber, means for independently introducing said fluid into said chamber for atomizing said hydrocarbon, and means for independently introducing an additional supply of said fluid into said mixingv chamber for commingling With the mixture of said atomized hydrocarbon and of the fluid that atomized it.

2. 'A burner for hydrocarbon and similar fuel consisting of a self-contained unit comprising two concentrically-assembled shells.

constituting separatechambers With a coinmoii wail, the outer chamber being in the forni of a coil, amixing chamber connected to the front` end of said outer'cliamber, i

trolled andis not closely4 adjacentV to, a fuelV nozzle, a burner Within` the inner chamber, means for conveying the gasiied `mixture produced in the outer chamber from the rear end thereof tosaid' burner for coinbustion, and means for supplying vair to said inner chamber, the heat of combustion being` utilized Ato heat to a highiteniperature the outer chamber whereby the mixture `of atomizing fluid and fuel therein is deceni-` posed and a xed gaseous product obtained. l -l-i. For producing gas from-liquid hydrocarbons, apparatus,comprising, in combinai tion, a' conduit, means Afor raising `said conduit to a high temperature,` and means for introducing the hydrocarbon and an atomizingl fluid therefor into said conduit as` a `combustible mixture, said means including a mixing chamber positioned exteriorly of, but in communication with,"the conduit, means independently introducing said hydiocarbonand said fluid to produce at least two atomized jets of said mixture, and means for introducing an additional `supply of said iiuid as a single `jet intosaid mixing chamber between said jets for commingling With them.

In testimony whereof l" aflixmy signature.

ROBERT EDWiN `Gotgirisianouefii.`

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