US1633029A - Apparatus for drawing textile fibers - Google Patents

Description

June 21,1927. 1,633,029 A G. C. LAURENCY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING TEXTILE FIBERS Filed March '19. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I I 6044190015 CZEME/W' bum/m June 21,1927. 7 A G. C. LAURENCY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING TEXTILE FIBERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fil ed March 19. 1926 5/6 '4? 7 I I I '1 Clerk/Yr Lime/m Patented June 21, 1927.

UNl 'vl ED ST 1,633,029 EP AWENET GUILLAUME CLEMENT-LAURENCE, OFtTWIGKENJLAM, 'ENGLAND,'-ASSIGNOR OF' SIX' IY I PER.-GEN'1 5'10- GRANT MCLEAN; POE LON-DON,L.ENGLAND.

APPABATUS'L FOR -DRAWTZDIG .TEXTILE .FiBERS.

- Application filedMarch "19,1926, Serial NoT 96;089, and in'Gr'eatf Britain".Tun 22,1925..

IThis invention relates to drawing 'apparatus cniplo gezl for drawing textile fibers "used in sginning, in Whioh the fibersfare drawn through the needles of a porcnplne 5 roller.

The invention provides improvements which facilitate the sliding" and (listributi'onor the fibers renderngit possible to conbl v increase the 'clrawing action Withl '1 withthe"regnlarityfiinthe drawn roving,- and tohold the Y s as Well."asth-ose'of greatest l 9th nntii the lnfill'ltlll} when they'are-Withdralvn from the roving bythefrontroller, i at theth'awingt era-tlon-canbeeffected on; out the-whole longth'o'lt' said fibers, j thatthe shortestlibers'as well asthe t, e being; stillhold-at one end and the intermediate pairs, but thelatten-mnst not allow the iibersto 'slicle-eXcept-When they are drawn by the said-front rbl-lers.

To hold the fibers, whileallowing them arsnch siiding, the top rollers of the*internierliste' pairs compress the fibers by their own weight upon the lower rollers; but the distance betweenfihepoint-atwhich 'this coin in'ession -is effected and the point "at 40 w vhioh the fibers areclrawnby the front rbll- =ers, is limited by theclialneters of the two pairs of rollers, and all the *fibers whichare -notionger than this distance cease to be held by such compression :bfore being drawn by the front rollers; consequently said fibers are tlrawnalong irregnlarlyby those which are moved at the drawing speed, and such unevendistribution proclucesirreg- 1 nlarity in the drawing.

This compression by the a'ctual 'top' ro'llers cannot be exerted-over a'll thefibers -Which pass at the same tirneftheffibers which-are in the-center of therovingare i very strongly pressed, While th-ose=whiclrare at the sides, and which constitute'a'much "smaller" thickness; are "not gripped between v the rollers and aredrawnalong". irregularly With the shortest fibers.

These defe'cts-are-bbiriated'by the: present- :in vention by effecting the-w drawing opera- .tion'-- closeto thepoint-.at'Wvhi'ch' the libers --are h'elcl by' toothed' "rollers which forma kind of "filtei adapted :toret'ain' "the fibers Without excessive compression, in such a -mannertlmt l the" fibersar helclvancl each of 'thenrmay-be v separately- Withdrawn from tho inass "of" then-oi ing Without disarrang- *ing thelithers.

l the accompanying drawings l ig. l is =a side elevation, with parts broken away, show-ing *an -elnbd cliinent of this invention 2 as applied 'to "a irame for spinning cottomandother substances with *short fibers-ol varying length.

FigkQ-i s an-end elevation from the right es Fig. 1; likewise with parts broken away anilwvith parts-"in section.

*l-Qi ga ii -shows a modified arrangeinent' of the rollers "for drawing roving "with short and longer filoers.

Fig; 4 is a front vie w of certain rollers i -illnstrated in iFigs. 1,2 and?) in asuper- 1 posed-rel ation.

The elnboliment shown in F igs. 1" and '2 comprisestwo" tootheol' fi=ltei"- rollers A and -pr0t'i'dcl-;-Withspecial teeth which retain the libersWithont; however; preventing their slitling- When i at 'dra'wing speed. Rings "A r and B or *leat-her, 'rnbber -or like *friction material are. applied to'the lendsof said rollers "A -and B, respe'etivelyyand these rings are in'contact With ring's On collars G on a long intermediate cylincler- CWhichextendsthron g1] the 1 Whole Width or the 'machine. The 'saich collarswr rings"C are fluted and" tr ansrilit the" movement of cylincler' G to 'the'rollersA more through contact of their flutes-Withithe said leather rings A and B llhei-toprbller 'D,-Which' may" be --.smoo'-th or encased in leather-as usual, rests on the toothed "roller Byanch is rotated by permanent Contact therewith that is to say, snclr contact is never interrupted by the passage of the fibers" retained bysaid: roller B. "Tlierdllersfl' aricFB may' 'bei'placecl "slightly spaced apart;- and) the cylinder C 'provid'ecl -fora positive and regn'l or movement thereof.

The :front roller or clrawing cylinderF-is providechwi'th fine spaced :fiutes, and the fibers -a're=*pressed against said flntes" by one said plate can be adjusted for each segment individually by means of screws J, and the said segments can be removed and replaced without altering the pressure or stopping the machine.

A roving guide consisting of a transverse bar K carrying forks L, which latter regulate the entrance of the roving into the apparatus, has a reciprocating movement with a period of stoppage at each end of its course. The speed of this roving guide is in proportion to the average length of the fibers to be drawn. The reciprocating motion of the bar K can be obtained by various known means; in Fig. 1, this motion is produced by a pulley M carrying an eccentric pin N, and two abutment members P and P 'which are secured to the bar K and alter{ nately forced one to the right, the other to I the left, by therevolution of said pin N. The period of rest of the roving guide at each end of its course is equivalent to the time required for the pin N to pass from one abutment member to the other. The pulley M may he stepped, so that the speed of the roving guide can be varied by transferring the belt which actuates it to a step of a difierent diameter.

Guided by the fork L, the rovim designated by the broken line r enters obliquely between the rollers B andD and forms undulations which are more numerous and .consequently at a. more acute angle according as the speed of the roving guide L is greater in relationto the circumferential speed of the roller. These undulations are continued on the rollerA, and the roving retained between the teeth of rollers B and A advances with these rollers until its foremost end reaches the segment G and is drawn under the latter through the flutes of the drawing cylinder F.' From this moment, these fibers are at drawing speed; that is to say, they ad- Vance with the cylinder F, the circumferential speed of which is greater than that of the filter rollers A and B, and slide between the teeth of said rollers, becoming separated from those fibers the forward end of wlnch have not yetreached the segment G, and which continue to advance slowly.

with'said rollers A and B.

It willbe observed from Fig. 2 that the entrance of the fibers between the segment G and the drawing cylinder F iselfected close to the teeth of the roller A. This fea' .ture is of importance in the invention since .A and B with a sliding movement,

only cease to be held by the teeth when withdrawn therefrom by the drawing cylinder. The short fibers are consequently straightened and parallelized as Well as the fibers of all other lengths with which they are then agglomerated by twisting on leaving thesegment G at the point 0.

The fibers being better held by the toothed rollers A and ll. inproportion as the undulations are more numerous and the average length of the fibers is greater, the speed of the roving guide mustfof course, be decreased for long fibers and increased for shorter ones; the fibers are also held the more firmly by the flutes of the drawing cylinder F as their position on said cylinder forms a more acute angle with the flutes;

tion. with a specially-fluted drawing cyl-w inder, to more the fibersregularly at the drawing speed.

Owing to this combination of the segment (.i with the cylinder F, the toothed rollers A and B can conduct the fibers to the saidsegment Gr close to the drawing cylinder.

which draws them along at an accelerated speed and away from the teeth of rollers the shorter fibers and the longer ones being thusdrawn, straightened and parallelized throughout their entire length.

Themodification shown in Fig. 3 is for.

drawing fibers of which the greatest length is less than the distance U. This distance must not be shorter than the longest fibers which are in the roving; but it can, of course, be increased by inserting one or more sets formed by a cylinder G a toothed filter roller A B2 or S, and a top roller 1) cooperating with said rollers, all as shown in superposed position in Fig. 4. The pair of usual feeding rollers R, T can also be employed, and all sets of rollers, C and A B C and S, D and R, T, can be suitably spaced on the frame Y of Fig. 3.

The roller A of. Fig. 2, or A of Fig. 3, has very inclined teeth and holds the fibers near the drawing cylinder F. This arrangementallows of dispensing with the use 01" a top .roller, the traction exerted by the drawing cylinder F being sufficient in this case to cause the roving to penetrate and be retained in the filter roller A or 13?. Consequently, the top roller is not necessary ill) when the teethot' the filter'roller are inclined backwards; but when the teeth are atrightangle's, like B in Fig. 2, and S in Fig, 3', atop roller maintains the fibers in the litter and itis rotated by the toothed roller on which it rests in permanent contact by its own weight without directly compressing the fibers which are located be tween the teeth. The top roller D which may, if desired, also be a toothed roller,

merely holds the rovingin the filter on a level with the points oft-he teeth. The roving is no longer crushed between two rollers to prevent the premature advance or" the fibers, the resistance necessary to prevent such advance being produced in the filter,

the teeth of which penetrate the roving and divide it to facilitate the sliding of the fibers,

and=such sliding between the teeth compels said fibers toreadjust themselves and becomeparallel when they are pulled out by the drawingcylinder. 2 I claim 'as -my invention:

' 1. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the-combination oi'a toothed roller torming a'filter adapted to retain all the fibers of therovingby means of its teeth alone, a longitudinally-fluted front drawing cylinder located in close proximity to the filter roller, a segment partly surrounding said cylinder, and adjustable spring means for pressing said segment against the flutes ot thecylinder; said cylinder acting to draw the fibers separately from the mass of roving, without disarranging the other fibers, by removing them from the teeth of the filter roller and causing them to slide across the inner surface of the segment.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the ends of the filter roller are furnished with rings of friction material; and in which a driving cylinder is provided having flutes whereon said rings directly rest, whereby said roller is rotated by the contact of such flutes and rings.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the pressure imposed upon the segment by the adjustable spring means is centralized at one end of a line extending radially outward from the center point of the segment. i

4:. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of a toothed roller forming a filter adapted to retain all the fibers of the roving by means of its teeth alone, a longitudinally-fluted front drawing cylinder lo cated in close proximity to the filter roller, a segment partly surrounding said cylinder, a bearing pin projecting radially outward from the center of the outer faceof the segment, a spring member whereon the point of said pin rests for pressing the segment against the flutes of the cylinder, and an adjusting member associated with the spring member for varying the tension of the latter;

said- :cylinder, acting to draw the fibersseparately from the mall ofroving, without disdriven thereby.

6. In apparatus for drawin-g'textile fibers, the combination, with a drawing cylinder, of a toothed roller located in close proximity thereto and forming a filter adapted to retain'all the fibers of the roving by its teeth alone, said roller having rings of friction material fitted on its ends, a driving cylinder having flutes in contact with said rings torotate the filter roller, and a top roller resting thereby.

7. in apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of a toothed roller forming a filter adapted to retain all the fibersof the m5 roving'by means of its teeth alone, a longitudinallyfiuted front drawing cylinder located in close proximity to the filter roller, a segment partly surrounding said cylinder, adjustable spring means for pressing said segment against the flutes of the cylinder; said cylinder acting to draw the fibers separately from the mass of roving, without disarranging the other fibers, by removing them from the teeth of the filter roller and causing them to slide across the inner surface of the segment; a roving guide, and means for imparting a reciprocating movement to said guide with aperiod of rest at the end of each stroke, thereby to produce undulations of the roving which cause the fibers to pass at a more or less pronounced angle on the filter roller and between the segment and the flutes at the drawing cylinder.

8. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of a finely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lower portion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawing cylinder moving the fibers along and causing them to slide over the inner'surface of the segment; and spring means for pressing said segment upward against the flutes of the drawing cylinder. I

9. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of a finely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lower portion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawing cylinder moving the fibers along and causing them to slide over the inner surface of the segment;

loosely upon the filter roller and driven means for resiliently pressing said segment upward agalnst the flutes of the drawing cylinder, andmeans for adjusting the tension of said pressure means.

10. In apparatus for driving textile fibers, the combination of a finely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lOWer portion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawing cylinder moving the fibers along and or using them to slide over the inner surface of the segment; means for resiliently pressing said segment upward against the flutes of the drawing cylinder, a bearing cone situated at the center point of the segment and whereon said pressure means acts, and means for adjusting the tension of said pressure means.

11; In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with a pair of superposed, removable fiber-retaining rollers, the surface of the lower roller being provided with pointed teeth to lightly retain the fibers, and the upper roller rolling by its own weight on the lower roller; of a cylin der whereon said lower roller rests adapted to drive the same by friction.

12. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with a pair of superposed, removable fiber-retainin'g rollers, the surface of the lowerroller being provided with pointed teeth to lightly retain the fibers, and the upper roller rolling by its own weight on the lower roller; of a cylinder whereon sald lower roller rests adapted to drive the same by friction, and a drawing cylinder receiving the fibers from the rollers.

13. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with a plurality of fiber-retainingrollers, the surface of each being provided with pointed teeth to lightly retain the fibers, and an upper roller rolling by its own weight on certain of the firstnamed rollers; of a cylinder adapted to drive said first-named rollers by friction, a finely-fluted drawing cylinder receiving the fibers from said rollers, and a segment partly surrounding the peripherylof the drawing cylinder and resiliently pressed t-hereagainst.

14. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of driving cylinders placed at variable distances apart and the number of which is determined by the maxi mum length of the fibers, an intermediate fiber-retaining roller engaging each driving cylinder and from which it recelves movement, a drawing cylinder receiving the fibers from the last fiber-retaining roller,

and a member coacting with the drawing ,7

GUILLAUME CLEMENT LAURENCY.

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