US1632657A - Cipherless device for pipe organs - Google Patents

Description

l 632 657 June 14,` 1927. G. H. KLOEHS l cIPHEnLEss avlcs Fon PIPE oRGANs 4 Filed reb. 1924 s sheets-sheet 1 v v 6 '21s' e Tall!!! M f 9 32 1? @u lcompn. Am. 7 1..

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BYM@

, ATTORNEYS.

1,632,657 G. H. KLoEHs med Fame. 1924 y s sheets-sheet 2 A TTOR NE YS `c11 rmx1mazss DEVICE Fon Pm: onems .Jungl 14, l1927.

G. H.KLOEHS oIPHEnLEss DEVICE Fon rm: onGANs Filed Fem. 1924 1 sheets-suma June 14,1927. 1,632,657

IN VEN TOR /WITNEssEs MQW india/2( Ji JZOeJw..

A BY 'J XM MA ATTORNEYS O i, i

o duging fr CipllGltu) p Patented June 14, 1927.

UNITED yternir.es

Parleur orFI-cs.

GUSTAV H. .KLOEI-IS, OF' PEILADELTJPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CIPHERLESS fDE'VGE FGF iBIEE' ORG-ANS.

Application filed lFebruary ylylyinvention relates toiinproveinents in pipe organs,-and it consists ot the Constr c tions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of the invention isto provide a device 'for eliminatingf ciphers should such occur in the playing` oa pipe organ, asocalled cipher cons s sounding of one ot Athe pipes by reason ot l au obstruction preventing the seating of the 'telt ybutton by means oi' Whichthe passage ot air to said pipe is controlled.

A further object of the invention is to provide afdevicezby Whichanentire `chest` nay be thrown out Yot actiory should one olf ythe pipesfinsaid chest continue to sound and 'thereby Aproduce a cipher during the playing ot .the organ.

A further object'ol'the invention is to provide a` cipherless device which is capable of operationv during the playing of the organ to produce a rapidoseillation ot air in any one of thechests oit the organ to clear such chest of an obstruction which nray be pro- Another ob'ectot the inventionis toprovide a so-called cipherless device for each chest actionfot a pipe organ each of Whichfis capable of individual operation for the purse of either cuttingout theentire chest with Whichit is associated orproducing an oscillationot air therein to clearit of an obstruction 1which may be producing a cipher in` one. ot the pipes of that chest.

J further object of the invention Ais to provide a plurality of cipherless devices, one tor each chest ac ion` of a pipe organ, the electric controlling inea-ns kof said devices being operable either individually or ininuli9 Ltiple so that only one or more than one (should theoecasien ever Warrantdoing so) ofthe cipherless ldevicesmay be `brought into play to cut out the associated chest action.

A. further Vobject of the invention is to provide a cipherless device `for the purposes described which is of such a. construction that it may readily 'be separated, thereby in kingthe vital Working partsilninediately accessible vshould any fault in operation 'be discovered. n

A turtl'icr object of `the invention gis to provider. cipherle f device'or each .chest action-in a pipe organ,- eachtcipherless ldevice being in the natureot' anfelectropneu- 1in the .following specification,

ting;` ot .the vrcontinued v Ition are operated.. vomit-ted from disclosure in this applicati "i,

chest action disclosed.. The ciphe e, 192,4. @seriarnaeeoea th est .of Fig. 1 in order that the air paths may more readily be followed,

Fig. V8 is a view similar to. Fig. 2 illustrating the action upon. the occurrence ot' a eiplier,

Fig. l is a front elevation of the cipherless devicethe cover plate being removed to show the release electroinagnets,

' .F '5 is/avpers iective vieiv oi' the pneumatic puit7 valso showing the cut-out and escape valves y carried thereby,

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the magnet-ic rrelease valve, and

Fig'. 7 is adetail perspective vieu7 ofthe release e-lect1'o-1nagnets,

Reference may be had .to my co-pending;l application No. Lirelating to organ pipe conl trols7 tiled Feb. 6th, 1924i. Serial No. 690,95?, for a complete illustration and description of the hey-board and relayy mechanism by which the electro-magnets of the chest The `relay ineehanisin but portion ot the keyboard and of r chest action duplicated in order that t reader might inorereadily understard t manner of co-operation therewith oif called cipherless device. Thisstatoinent is not intended to the inference that the cipl'ierless device in be insepareblyidentied with 'the f. ess device will. operatein anyy organ having one or incre chest actions,and in respect to each ottljiee,

Yit willtunction alike.

The organ pipexeontroloras much thereof asis-diselosedin this application, comprises e keyboard ot' which yonly three keys l.. 2

and ,3, 4are diagraininatically shown lin Fig.

drawin gs,

LLI

Cil

1. r)These keys may also loe regarded as those producing the notes C, D and E in the corresponding organ pipes il, and 6.

Associated with the respective pipes 4f, 5 and 6 are control electro- magnets 7, 8 and 9. These are in circuit vvith the respective keys so that When any one of the keys is depressed, the corresponding control magnets will respond by the lifting ot a flap valve which in turn causes the sounding of the corresponding pipe. The flap valves are designated 10. 11 and 12.

rfhe electrical circuit just spoken of, comprises a battery 13 which has a common Wire connection 1st with a series ot contacts 15, 16 and 1T beloiv contactors 18 19 and 2O ot thc respective keys 1, 2 and 3. The respective contactors are connected by Wires Q1, '22 and 23 ivith one side ot each ot the respect-ive control magnets T, S and 9. The other side et each ot the magnets is connected by means of a Wire 2li to the common return Wire The reader will see at once that a depression ot' the key 1 will close a circuit Which flovvs as follows: Positive side ot the battery 13 over Wire 1&1, past contact 15 and contacter 18 to the nire 21, through the electro-magnet 7 and over vvires Qi and Q5 to the negative side of the battery 13.

The resulting energization oi thc electroinagnet 7 attracts the flap valve 10. The pole pieces oi the magnet extend through the lead base Q6 ot' the valve chest QT. Vl"he valve chest' has a threaded boss 28 in which a short vent tube Q9 is screwed. The valve 10 covers the vent tube when the electromagnet T is ltlc-energized. Upon energization ot the electroanagnet the vent tube Q is uncovered so that there may be an escapel ot air Yfrom the duct 30 u'hich otters com` munication between the valve chest and the puit 3l. llpon the escape oit air at the vent. QQ. the putt 31 collapses so that the jtelt and leather buttons 32 and 33 uncover the orifice 3a'- perinitt-ing air to enter the pipe lfrom the primary air passage and cause the sounding ot the note C.

A depression ot any other one or combi nation of the lrevs on the keyboard vvill produce the identical ettect in respect to corresponding control magnets so that any one or combination ot the organ pipes n'ill sound. Under normal conditions, i. e., when all ol' the keys are in the raised position, no sound will issue from the organ pipes inasmuch as the various felt and leather buttons are held up in the various orifices 34e by means ot springs 36 which press beneath the leather partot the putt 31. The springs hold the buttons in the closed position when there is an equalization of air pressure from the passage S on each side of the putt. tir 'from the passage 35 passes down through the opening S8 in which the electro-1nagnet .7 t tor example) is situated, through ports 39 and 37 in the lead base 26, into the air chest 27 and through the duct 30 into the puit 31. Upon energization ot the magnet- T, the lap valve is attracted against the base 26 so that a closure ot the port 39 and a cutting ott ot air from the duct 3S, Yliollou's.

Air from the putt 31 nonY escapes through the duct and vent it) to atmosphere7 and by virtue of the superior air pressure in the passage 35, the putt 31 and spring 3G will collapse, causing an uncovering ot' the or tice 34. Air trom the passage 35 noiv sounds the note C in pipe -1 as already explained. The iiap valve 10 is loosely held by a link /1-0 which attaches to the valve chest 2T at a convenient place. The vent tube Q9 is adjustable. 'For this purpose it has a screw driver slot i1 by means ot Which the veut tube may be turned in or out in the boss 2?) so that the valve ivill respond more or less promptly to the encrgization ot the electromagnet above.

It sometimes occurs in the playing` ot the organ that an obstruction will enter the space between the leather button and the upper side of the primary air passage 35 and. thereby prevent the button trom seating. Such obstruct-ion may consist ot a roll oi" lint, dust, etc. The etiiiect is that air continues to pass through the orifice so tl at the corresponding organ pipe continues to sound, regardless ot the tact that the key which controls it has long been released. rlhe continued droning ot the sounding pipe spoils the music and this to the cltrcme dis comtitiu'e ot the musician. lnasmuch as the closure button 32 is not easily accessible, it becomes necessary to stop playing th'e organ until a niechauician can be secured, This usually means that thc use o t the organ must be dispensed vfith either ter the re inaider ot the, service or throughout an entire performance. depending on Whether-the organ is installed in a church or theatre.

The cipherless device is operable in such a manner as to either clear any obstructed lnitton so that it may resent over the organ pipe oritice` or it this is not possible, tlf-cn to cut out that chest in which thc detective pipe is situated. In a large organ haring numerous chest actions. the 1e ot one chest may readily he dispensed with in au einer gency. It is better to dispense with one chest action than to shut doivn the entire organ. lt should have been explained that. the obstruction ot the closure button and the consequentcontinued sounding ot the corresponding pipe is linoivn as a c"cipher`^`. It is by virtue of the fact that the invention is capable of eliminating ciphers that it called a cipherless device.

Figure 1 illustrates tivo separate ehe-st ac tions ft2 and L13. The pipes 4&1. 45 and 45 are :tor the purposes of this description con fit1 lill

Stated, it is only that one ot the ciphcrless devices in respect to ivhich the electric switch is closed that assumes a cut out condit-ion. The other cipherless devices remain operative as in Fig. 2.

The removal of the cover plate Si (Fig. 2) permits access to the interior of the puttl 55. T his cover plate closes an opening which communicates vfith the space above the putt. The cover plate is made of Wood and is held in place by any suitable means, 'for f-zample, screivs 83. The cut-out valve 53 is composed ot a leather disk Set and a pair ot telt disks, ot which one is thicker than the other, adapted ttor the purpose ot seating over the pasw sage (St. The escape valve 59 has similar telt disks Jfor a similar purpose, these being carried by a leather disk 85. rllhe virions disks of the respective valves are held in place by leather buttons S6 and ST respectively.

rhese buttons are either held on the rod 58 by friction alone, or it it be so desired, the rods may be threaded as in the case of the valve stem SO so that adjustments of' the leather buttons may be made by turning them along the threads. In respect to the valve stem SO, the leather button 8S is adinstable on the stem by means ot the threads shovfn. rlhe buttons support the small escape valve vvhich is but loosely held on the stein. This valve is composed ot leather and felt Washers or disks, the Ytelt coming next to the passage The magnetic release valve 5l is composed ot a thin metallic disk 89 vvhich is iisedly mounted on the stem 80. A felt disk 90 is secured beneath the metallic disk so as to make a tight joint with the bottom et? when the valve is seated as in Fig. 2. rlhe pres sure ot' air in the cipherless chamber holds the magnetic valve seated. A disk ot kid is pasted on top otl the disk S9 so that the magnetic valve ivill not stick to the poles ot' the release magnet T2 When attracted in the position shown in Fig. 3. ln order that the rod 5S ot the cut-out and escape valves 53 and 59 may be guided, provision is made o'r a bracket 92 through Which the exposed end ot the rod passes as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

Attention is directed to Figs. l, 2 and a. t is to be observed that the front cover 52 is secured over the cipherless chamber by means oi' Wood screivs 93. In Fig. 9, the base 5l is fastened to the cipherless box by Wood screws 9i. ln Fig. il, the bottom 4T is fastened to the sides a9 and 50 by Wood screws and the top 4S is secured to the sides by Wood screvvs 96. The reader will understand at once that this manner of construction ot the cipherless device permits the easy removal ot' any part, thereby male ing the interior of the device immediately accessible. his is one et the strong teatures of the invention. An occasion may arise whereupon it becomes necessary to inspect the interior for any possible detect in any ot the parts. any particular part may be reached by merely removing such parts of the box wwhich are immediately adjacent thereto, and it is not necessary to take down the entire device betere a needed repair can be ettected.

rthe manner of making the electrical conneetions With the release magnet 72, is illustrated in Fig. 4l. rhe ivire 7l (Fig. l) is suitably connected (by soldering, for exanr ple) with the contact piece 9T which extends through the side 50 to the interior of the chamber where connection with one side ot the magnet T2 is made. Similarly, the ivire 73 (Fig. l) is connected with a contact 9S in the side i9, the other end ot the magnet Winding 72 being connected to that part ol the contact Which appears on the inside of the chamber.

The operation may be briefly reviewed to advantage. Ret-er to Fig. l. The reader can readily imagine a keyboard composed ot a great number et keys such as 1, 2 and 3, each of which for the purpose of this description has electrical connections Yfor controlling a single organ pipe. For example, the key contact 18 controls the pipe d which is adapted to sound the note C. Similarly, the key contact l!) controls the pipe 5 adapted to sound the key D, and so on through all ot the organ keys and throughout the entire range of the instrument.

Various groups ot organ pipes are collected in diilferent chest actions, a certain group of pipes being collected in the chest LLl-Q, another group of pipes being collected in the chest a3, and so on. The manner ot and reasons for so grouping the pipes is immaterial in so tar as the invention is concerned, it being the purpose of the invention to permit the exercise ot such supervision over each individual chest action that any one may be entirely cut out Without in the least ailecting the operation ot the other chest actions.

It may do no harm to briefly repeat the operation upon depressing one ot the keys. Take the key l: Upon `depressing' this key a circuit through the control magnet 7 is closed so that the flap valve l0 is attracted and the vent 29 opened to permit the escape ot air from beneath the puit 3l through the duct 30.

The attendant release of pressure permits the superior air pressure in the primary air passage 35 to displace the buttons 32 and 33 so that compressed air escapes at the oritice SA into the pipe d and causes the sounding et the note. Under normal conditions, the flap valve l0 is seated on the vent :29 so that air from the primary air passage sin 35 may pass through the port 39 into the duct and so into the puil:` chamber 3l to hold the control button up against the ori.- iice 34.

It occasionally happens that a roll ot' .dust or lint in the primary air passage .Will ind its Way betiveen the control buttons and the inlet to the oriiices Sil. Such 'obstruction will prevent the control button from seating so that the particular pipe continues to sound, notwithstanding the tact that the organist has released the key which controls it. This continued sounding ot a pipe is called a cipher, and it is the purpose of the invention to remove the cause et the cipher, il possible, and it this is not possible, then cut out the entire chest action so that the music is not spoiled by the droning of the pipe in question.

The cipherless device controls the passage oit air from the main air supply conduit 6l to a particular chest action.` The c-ipherless device is in the nature oi? an electro-pneu-y matic valve. The ciphcrless device, under normal conditions, permits the flow of air into the chest action, and it is capable ol such control as to entirely out oii1 the flow of air. The flow ot air occurs from the conduit 6l through pipe 60 into the chamber of the cipherless device, through passage 6ft (Fig 2) to the prii'nary air passage 35; The pressure of air in the cipherless chamber holds the putt up so that the cut-out valve 53 is held raised and the escape valve 59`is held up against thebottom of the passage 64 so as to prevent the escape of air at that place. The magnetic release valve 5.4.vis seated on the passage so that no air may reach the space above the'puif 55 through passages 7 6, 77 and 78.k

It will be understoodat once that as long as lthe cut-out valve 53' (Fig. 2) remains raised, the communication between the chest action'and the interior of the cipherlessde-V vice will be maintained. Imagine the occurrenee of a cipher, in respect to one of the pipes in the chest action 42'.' The organist knows in which of the chests the cipheris occ1n-ri.ng. He has'before him a series'of switches 66, 67, etc., of Which one controls a corresponding chest action. He should depress the'switch 66. This Will complete an electrical circuit through the release inag-` net 72'. The attraction of the magnet Will raise the'magnetic release valve 54' so that the bottom of the passage 75 is closed by the valve 79 and the other passages kr76, 77- and 78 are 'opened' to the interior of the cipherless device.

Consequently, there is an equalizationof pressure on each'side of the pui 55, permitting the valves 53 and 59 to'fall by gravity so that they assume the .'posi'tionshown in Fig'fg" Thg Opening Of'th' Valve 59 permits thel escape of' air from both the' passages4 and. 37, and the pressure ot the air in the ciphe'rless"chamber noxvimposes all ofits Weight on top of the valve 53" and on top of the'pufl" 55 'so that theposition in Fig. 3 is maintained as long as the organist leaves the switch 66 closed. This, in fact, he Will do if he desiresto cut outt-he chest action i2 entirely.

Ordinarily, lio\ve\fer,.this will not benecessary, and in fact, not desirable, becausey those pipes in the chest action 4t2 may be nec'essaryior the desired rendition of a mu! sical selection. The organisty Will therefore resort to the expedient ot' rapidly opening andclosing the switch 66. This, the reader can readily understand, will cause a rapid oscillation of the valves 53 and 59, as Well' as the valves 54 and 79, ultimately producing a succession of air impulses in the primary air passage y35 and thereby probably blow out any obstruction Which may be holding one of the control buttons 33 open. It is theretoreapparent that 'the cipherless device has two important functions: one, to eliminate a eiphershould such occur and two, to permit the entire cutting .out of'a chest action in which it may be found that a cipher cannot' be eliminated by the means described.

liVhile the construction and arrangement. of the improved cipherless device for organs as herein described and claimed, is that'ot a generally preferredV form, obviously modifications and changes may be made without departing` from the spirit oi' the invention or thescope of the claims.v

Vhile the construction and arrangement of the improved cipherless device tor organs' as herein described and claimed, is that Lof a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made Without' departingfrom the spirit of the invention or the 'scope of the claims.

l. An'organ having an air passage* provided with a pipe" oriiice, a button for controlling the flow ofair into said orifice, a conduit tor supplying the passage With air, a l'device interposed betweeirthe conduit and said passage through which the 'air must floiv to reach the latter Vsaid device having cut-out valve which permits said flouv7 ot' air, and 'apuil' against one side of which the pressure of'air 'in said -d'evi'ce is exerted to sustain' theV outsout valve "in an open position.

Z'An organ having. an air passage provided With a pipe Orifice, abutton `for controlling-the yflow'of air into said oriii'c'e, a conduitfor supplying the passage. With air, a device interposed 'between the conduit and said l` passage through vvh'icli the air must flinv toreacjh the ylattersaid device having a Cutlo'ut 'va'lve which permits said iloiv of' air, i a 'p'uiagainst one side of' which the pressure o1" air insaid" deviceis exerted to sustain the lil) cut-out valve in an open position, and nieans for equalizing the pressure ot air on both sides of the puit thereby permitting the valve to gravitate to a closed position.

3. in organ having` an air passage. provided vvith a pipe orince, a button which is niovable to control the ioiv ot air into said oriiice, a conduit tor supplying the passage vith air, a device interposed between said conduit and the passage through which air inust iioiv to reach the latter said device including a passage adapted to coiiiniunicate with the atmosphere, a. puii carried in one position by air pressure on one side thereot, a rod carried by the puff and extending through said passage, and a pair of valves carried by said rod one covering the outer end of said passage the other being raised troni the inner end ot said passage when said puh' is held as stated to perinit the air to pass through said device.

l. sin organ having an air passage piovided vvithva pipe oritice, a button 1vhicli is niovabie to control the tloiv ot air into said oriiice, a conduit tor supplying the passage with air, a device interposed betiveen said conduit and the passage through which air inust tlovv to reach the latter said device incliidiiig a passage adapted to communicate vvith the atn'iosphere, a puit carried in one position by air pressure on one side thereof, a rod carried by the putt1 and extending through said passage, a pair et valves carried by said rod one covering the outer end ot said passage the other being raised iroin the inner end of said passage when said puh is held as stated to peiinit the .air to pass through said device, and ineans adapted to adniit air troni the interior et said device to the other side ot the putl7 to equalize the pressures thereon permitting the iod to tall and the position et said valves to be reversed thereby cutting ott the 'flow et air through said device and perniittiiig` an exhaust of air through said passage,

An organ haviiny au air passage pro vitiid with a pipe orifice, a button operable in said passage and against the oriiice to control the lovv of air into the pipe, and ineans for producing pulsations of air in said passage and through said pipe orifice to dislodge any obstruction which inay be preventing the button troni seating over Vthe orifice.

(i. An organ having an air passage provided with a. pipe orifice, a button situated in said passage and adapted to niove in respect to the oiiiice to control the flow of air thei-eiiito, and an electro-pneumatic valve for controlling the lovv ot air to said passage said valve being adapted to produce pulsations ot air in said passage and through said pipe oriiice to dislodge any obstruction which niay be preventing the button from seating.

'i'. nn organ having a passage provided ivith a pipe oriiice, a button situated in said passage which is niovable in respect to the orifice to control the ilovv ot air thereiiito, a pneuinatic valve for controlling the flow et air into said passage, and electrically op* erated ineans capable ot oscillating the valve to produce pulsations oi" riir in said passage and through said pipe oriiice to dislodge any obstruction which inay be preventing the button it'roin seating.

8. ii device o'iI the character described having a chanibei provided ivith a connnunicating conduit and a duct which coininunicates v-:ith the clianiber at both ends, ineans to supply the chainber with compressed air which is adapted to iioiv out of the conduit, a pu'l'i' situated in the chamber over one out let ot the duct, a valve carried by the pull and held in a li'lted position in respect to the conduit by the depression ot said puit under the coiiipi'ession ot air, anda valve controlling the other end ot the duct to prevent access of air pressure to the other side of the duct.

9. A device ot the character described having a chainber provided with a connnunicating conduit and a duct ivhich coininuni- Cates With the chainber at both ends, ineans to supply the chainber ivith coinpressed air which is adapted to iioiv out of the conduit, a puit' situated in the chainber over one outlet oi the duct, a valve carried bythe puit` and held iii a lifted position in respect to the conduit by the depression ot said pull' under the compression ot air, a valve controlling the other end ot the duct to prevent access ot' air pressure to the other side of the duct, and ineans to displace said valve to admitair to the other side of the pui'i'.

l0. A device of the character described having a chainber provided with a coniniu` iiicatiiig conduit and a duct which coniinu nicates With the chan'iber at both ends, uieaus to supply the chamber with compressed air which is adapted to tloiv out ot the conduit, a pull' situated in the chamber over one out` let of the duct, a valve carried by the puit and held in a lifted position in respect to the conduit by the depression ot said pull' under the compression of air, a valve controlling the other end ot the duct to prevent access ot air pressure to the other side of the duct, and 1i `cans to displace said valve to adinit air to the other side ot' the puff tor the equalization ot pressures permitting the lirst valve to inove to a. closing position over said conduit.

ll. A device oi the character described having a chainber provided With a duct coinw niuiiicating with the chamber at both ends and having a conduit communicating with the chaniber and the atmosphere, a puit cov eriiig one outlet of the duct, ineans supplying the chamber with coinpressed air and thereby collapsing the puff, a double valve -for said conduit Supported by the puit one valve closing the atmosphere side the other olliening the chamber side so that ,air may iiow through said passage, and a valve for the other end ot said duct held in place by lthe pressure of air in the chamber to thereby prevent an equalization of pressures on each side of the puit.

l2. A device of the character described having a chamber and being provided with a conduit furnishing communication between the chamber and atmosphere and having a duct communicating with the chamber at one end and at the other end with a passage one end of which communicates with the chamber the other with the atmosphere, a pufi' situated across the chamber end oii the duct, means furnishing the chamber with compressed air to flow into the conduit, a double valve carried by the puii;l ot which one closes the atmosphere side of the ccnduit and the other opens the chamber side when the puff is depressed by said compressed air, and a double valve in said passage of which one closes the chamber side to prevent equalization of air pressure Lon both sides of the puii the other being open to iurnish outside air communication with the other side of the puff.

13. A device ot the character described having a chamber and being provided with a conduit furnishing communication between the chamber and the atmosphereand havingy a duct communicating with the chamber at one end and at the other end with a passage one end of which communicates with the chamber and the other with the atmosphere, al puil1 situated across the chamber end ot' the duct, means furnishing the chamber with compressed air to flow into the conduit, a pair of valves carried by the pul ot which one closes the atmosphere side of the conduit and the other opens the chamber side when the putl' is depressed by said compressed air, a double valve in said passage oif which one closes the chamber side to prevent equaliza tion ot air pressure on both sides of the puttl the other being open to furnish outside air communication with the other side of the puff, and means to simultaneously raise said double passage valve to close the atmosphere side and Vopen the chamber side to thereby permit equalization of pressures on both sides of the puit and a reversal in the position ot the double valve in the conduit.

la. A device ot the character described comprising an enclosure composed ot bottom, top, side, base and cover plates, the top having a passage opening toward the .chamber defined by said parts, the base having a passage communicating between the chamber and the atmosphere and also having a conduit communicating between the chamber and atmosphere, the cover plate having a passage al'fording communication between the top and base passages thereby defining a duct; a putt1 disposed overthe chamber end of ysaid duct, means furnishing the chamber with compressed air and thereby depressing the pull", a double valve carried by the puiii of which one member holds the chamber end of the conduit open for the passage oi"- air and the other member holds the atmosphere end of the conduit closed, a double valve insaid base passage of which one member holds the chamber end closed to prevent equalization of pressures on both sides oit the putt1 and the other member holds the atmosphere end of the passage open, and means'by which the aforesaid parts oi? the enclosure are removably held toOether to permit access to any of the internal parts.

l5. An organ comprising a chest action having` primary and secondary air passages, a puit1 having a control button situated in the former there being a duct furnishing communication between the secondary air passage and the space beneath the puit, a vent valve, an electro-magnet for attracting the valve to sever communication between the secondary passage and said duct thereby permitting air pressure in the primary pas-- sage to depress the puii' and move the con trol button, a conduit 'furnishing said pase sages with air, a cipherless chamber through which said air must pass toV reach the passages, valve means in said chamber occupying one position to maintain the continuity of air dow, and means for causingthe reversal of said valve means to cut oli1 the flow of air.

GUSTAV H. KLOEHS.

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