US1620104A - Loose-leaf binder - Google Patents

Description

March 8., 1927. 1,620,104

H. B. JENNINGS, JR

LOOSE LEAF BI-NDER l Filed July 6, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l && n i f 3mal/co@ .March 8, 1927- B. JENNINGS, .1reA

LOOSE LEAF BINDER Filed July e, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 WN QM.

i? l l l l l I l l i E March 8 1927 H. B, JENNINGS, JR

LOOSE LEA-F BINDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 6,Y 1925 Patented Mar. 8, 1927.

HENRY B. anlvnrnss, an.,

retain or Liinsniine, vrneinia.

Loose-Laar Binnen.

Application l'ed July 6,

This invention relates to improvements in loose leaf binders and has as its general object to provide a loose leaf binder poss'essing features especially adapting it for use by ministers, professors or teachers, and others who desire or are required to have at hand texts or other matter of a permanent nature, and similar matter of a more or less temporary Vnature. As a concrete example, the binder is especially adapted for use by ministers and may comprise the text the Bible in loose leaf form retained in the binder in such a manner that memorandum leaves may be interposed between groups of Eible text leaves to bear niemoranda and permit of notes being made, so that in delivering a sermon, the minister readily refer to biblical texts and as Ay refer to the memoranda or notes which he has made relative to the subject of his discourse.

Another object of the invention is to provide a loose leaf binder so constructed that when the binder is open, the same will lie flat so that the temporary leaves may be readily consulted or written upon without the inconvenience which would be experienced if these leaves were so held in place :is not io assume a fiat form or position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a loose leaf binder Vwhich will be automatically locked when it is closed, so that it will not have a tendency to assume an open position when it is being carried or is laid upon a desir or the lilre.

.rinothcr object of the invention is to proa loose leaf binder so constructed that w ether the same be open or closed, the margins of the leaves bound thereby will be in enact regis lon, so that the binder ,l present a neat appearance, and frayof the inarpnis of the leaves will be p ictically prevented.

4d rootlier object of the invention is to so consruct the binder that, as the same is opened and closed, the relative movement of the bank of leaves will be uniform and re will be no distortion or disarrangentof the leaves. fino'ther object of the invention is to so construct the binder that the temporary le may be readilyv removed, either individually or collectively, without in any way disturbing the relatively permanentleaves, the invention further,contemplating a' Con'- 1925. seri'a1 No. 41,784.

struction in which the so-called permanent leaves may be readily and conveniently removed and replaced without disturbing the temporary leaves.

iinother object of the invention is to provide a loose leaf binder embodying a novel construction of back which is of such charas to preclude the likelihood of any metallic parts coming in contact with a surface upon which the binder may be placed, the construction, furthermore, being such that all. of the mechanical parts are substantially concealed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l isa plan View of the loose leaf binder embodying the invention, spread open.

Figure 2 is atransverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure'l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrowsu Figure is a detail view in elevation of the lov-Jer end of the binder back.

lligure lis a similar view illustrating the binder closed. l

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken substantiallyon the line 5-5 of Figure l, looking in lthe direction indicated by the arrows.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Figure 5, loolrin the direction indicated by the arrows, only one side of the binder being shown.

Figure 7 isa detail transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 7-7 of Figure l.

rigure 8 is a fragmentary perspective vier,T illustrating a portion of the means provi-ded for retaining the temporary leaves of the binder in place.

Figure is a fragmentary, group persiective view illustrating certain elements of binder in position about to be a-ssembled.

Figure l() is a sectional view taken substantially on the line lO-lO of Figure 9, looking inthe direction indicated by the arrows, and illustrating-the respective parts assembled.v y .Y ,n Y

`Figure, ll is a perspeotiveview ofoneof the retaining rnembersfor retaining in place the permanent leaves of the binder, Y n

`lligure 12 is a perspective view illustrating a modified .forni of latch for holding ne binder closedv Figure 13 is a plan view of the modified latch structure, illustrating the latch member engaged with its keeper.

The binder consists essentially of two cover leaves indicated by the numeral 1, which leaves are ot flexible leather, inner cover lea-ves indicated by the numeral 2, which are prciterably ot cardboard and which lie against the inner faces of the outer cover leaves 1 and may be secured thereto to somewhat stiiien the said outer cover leaves, and a back 3 which is likewise i'ormed oit flexible leather and which is folded at opposite sides of its longitudinal median line to provide an intermediate portion il constituting the back proper, and flaps 5 which are disposed against and are in marginal registration with flags 6 provided by turning the inner marginal portions of the cover leaves 1 substantially at right angles to the body portions ot the leaves. lThe yinner margins otl the inner cover leaves 2 preferably terminate substantially at the folds delining the flaps 6 ot the outer cover leaves 1, and said flaps G and the flaps 5 are secured by rivets or other suit-able securing means 7, to metal backing plates 8, the rivets being secured likewise through plates 9 which are disposed against the inner faces of the flaps 6, the plates 8 being disposed against the outer faces ot the respective flaps 5, as clearly shown in Figures 2 and 'i' ot the drawings.

` The outer marginal portions of the plates 9 are bent as at 10, to provide right angularly extending wings 11, folded back upon themselves as at 12 so that these wings are ol' two ply construction. As illustrated most clearly in Figures 3, Ll and 5 ot the drawings, and for a purpose which will presently be made apparent, the ends of the wings 11 are bent at right angles, as at 13, to pro 'ide bracket portions at the ends ot the plates 9. rl`he pcrnninent leaves ol the binder are indicated by the numeral 111 and the temporary leaves are indicated by the numeral 15, and by reiference to Figures and 7 ot the (ilrawings, it will be observed that the inner edges oi the leaves 1l abut :figainst the inner tacos ot the respective plates 9, the leaves being` arranged in two banks or groups, the leaves at their inner marginal portions being confined between the flange 11 of the plate 9 and a retaining means which will presently be described. At this point it will be evident that the back 3, due to its peculiar formation, impart-s to the binder as al whole the appearance ot what is known as' a divinity circuit book. lt will also be observed that the back is so arranged as to prevent any ot the metallic parts of the binder coming in contact with a surface upon which the binder is disposed, and the back likewise serves to substantially conceal the mechanical parts ot the binder.

It will be observed by reference to Figures 2, 3, 4 and 7 of the drawings, that there are a pair of the plates 9, and with each of these binder plates there is associated a binder member which is indicated in general by the numeral 16, which member is hinged, as will presently be explained, so that it may be swung into and out ot position to clamp and bind the inner margins ot' the respective banks oi" permanent leaves 14. The ends ot the plates 9 are formed with right angularly projecting terminal portions 17 which lie against the inner sides of the respective end portions 13 ot the tlanges 11 ot said plates 9, and registering openings 18 are termed in the said portions 17 and 13 to accommodate a screw 18 which is threaded into a rectangular block 19 disposed against the inner side of the respective portion 17, the said block 19 being provided with a threaded opening 20. It will be evident at this point that there is a pair ot the blocks 19 at each end ot the binder back, and the relatively adjacent corners ot the blocks ot' each pair are formed to provide rack segments 21 which mutually mesh. A shaft 2'2 is secured at its ends in openings 28 formed in the rack segmei'it portions 21 of the blocks 19 at each side of the binder back, and these shafts 22, of course, entend parallel to each other, itbcing evident at this point that when the binder is opened or closed, the rack segments which are intermeshed, will rotate with rela'- tion to each other in a manner to insure ot' even opening and closing of the binder at its top and bottom and thus prevent any distortion thereof and any disarrangement ot the binder leaves. Links 24rare arranged immediately inwardly of each pair of the rack segments 21 ol'l the blocks 19 and are pro vided. with openings to accommodate the respective end portions ot the shafts 22, so that the shafts are relatively spaced and braced at this point. Each plate 9 is formed along its tree edge, at intervals, with pintle 26 through which the shait 22 extends. Each of the binding members 16 is tornied from a metal plate or strip folded upon itself to provide plies 27 and 2S, the ends ot' the ply 28 ol; each of' the members being pro vided with flanges 29 which engage against the ends ot the ply 27. rlllie ply 27 ot' each of the inenibers 16 is termed along its tree edge at intervals with pintle eyes 30 which are interiitted with the pintlD eyes 26 upon the respective plates 9 and pivotally embrace the respective shatts 22, and in this manner the members 16 are supported upon the shaft 22 for swinging movement with relation to the respective companion binding members comprising the plates 9 and their flangesI 11.

The permanent" binder leaves 14 are formed with periforations 31 in their inner marginal portions to accommodate binder posts 32 which are riveted or otherwise secured at one end to the inner side of the rello 'speetive flange 'f1-l, as indicated vby 'the nutrie al 33 and at best shown in Figure 5 of 'the drawings. The posts '32 are :pletter-ably located near fthe endg;Y offf the respeettve flanges 11,- a nd`eae`l1-fpost is provided et `its ree'end with a' "eircn'nlseribiirg 'gro ove 34 providing la lhe'ad As'li-'l'lnstra-tedl most `clearly in Fig- Vnre 5 of "the clra'wingsftlre -plies Q7 and Q8 of 'each binder ineniber 161 Aare relatively spaced tlfi'ron'ghout their end portions but are pressed toget'ller thronglront their intermediate portions, and the end portions' of 'the members 16, therefore, vconstitute flat#sided gude'ways 36 in each of which there is afrranged a locking plate 87 formed near one end with a keyhole Slot 38, the larger 'end of which is oi' a diameter' to permit oi' passage o't the head 35 therethrough, and the sin'allfer end of which is of a dianfieter to en-lbrece the neck of the head, which neck is forined by providing the oi'reumsoribing ygroove 34 in the tree end of the resfp'eotive post 32.l By 'referente to Figure 5, lit will *observed that the plies 27 and E28 ol. the ifne'inbei's 16A are provided with openings 3C to aoeolnnodate 'the outer ends oi the posts it Will further be observed by reiterence to Figures 2, 5, G and y7 of the dra-W- ings that when the ineinbers 1o 'are sivnng to the posit-ion shown in Figure 5, or, in other Words, in position confining or binti'ng the inner niflrgins of the respective banks of permanent leaves 14, 'and the pilotes 37 are ellifted tothe positie-.ll shown in Fig 'lire 6, tlle 'Walls of the' keyhole slots SS 'oi' the plates xvill have looking eilgjhgelnent with the outer ends of the 'respee e posts 82, tl'i'er'eby preventing swinging' movement of the lnenibei's 16 vto positioii to release the permanent leaves r4, Each locking plete 37 is yieldably held ln lockingpesiteh through the inedinln of a slnfall Wire sprintf,` 40 hevingone end 41 bearing; against that end et the plate which is next adjacent the endv of the binder batik and opposite the 'end in Which the li'eyh'ole slot 38 is forineth the other end poi-tien of the spring beh-ig bent as at 42 to engage about the end of -the adjeeent flange 29, as best shown hl Figures 'G and 9 of the' drawings. The fold in the member 16 is eut may 'as at 43 se to eonimodete a 'small linger pieoe 44 which. is formed at the adjacent edge' et the plate 37 and which linger piece may be engaged by the linger nail or by aknife blade for the purpose of retraeting the looking plate 37 to permit of release of the headed end of the 'respeetive post 32, when` it is desired to swing the respective' binding lneinbe'r 16 to position to permit of relnov'el of any one or niore of the permanent leaves 14, or the insertion of other leaves. In order to guide the'plate 37 in itssliding movement, tlie edge thereofat which the' linger'- pieee 44 is formed, sl-idably lits ie the fold Whith forni-'s "the plies 2f? 'and 28 'of 'the member 15, and a `g'lricle lug 45 is preferably stuck nlp from the ply 28 to engage the 'opposite longitudinal eid-ge. of the plate, for the purpose sated.

Eat-l lstack or groupy or' llpernranent leaves' provided at each end 'with an npstai'id'ing lng which is engageabl'e in a sinall'openin'g V51 o'rnied in the plies Q7 'and 28 of the respe'otiv-e niembers 16. Thev free ends of the posts 46 fit in openings 52 formed in the inner fold oi the respective `flange 11, and the posts fit through perforations 53 formed in the inner marginal portions of the bil'ld'er leeves 14. lVhile the strip 48 is not, in a sense, connected with the respective' ironio'er 1o and, in fact, 'remains in position with its posts 46 engaging in the periorations 53 and the opeiiing's 52, when the said ineniber 16 is swung about its respective slraift Q2' to ielfiese the binder leaves 14', nevertheless,

through the engagement el the lug 50 in the opening" 61, and' through the engagement of the flange 49 aga-inst the edge of the respective lneinber 16, the strip is norn'lally held substantially fixed withl respect 'to the iiielnbe'r '16, when the member is in position reto-in the leaves 14 in place. Likewise, due to the engagement oi" the' lugs 50 in the opening 51 'and the engagement oi? the tree ends or' the posts 46 in the 'openings 52, the intermediate Portions of the inner inargiils of the leaves 14 are held against displacement` and, therefore, the posts 46 assist the posts 32 in retaining the leaves in pro 2er assembled relation and against displacement. Of course, when it is desired to in'tiodiiee or remove the leaves 14 in either section ot the binder stack, this may be readilj7 aoeoniplished by first swinging the respeetive 'members loto position to clear the margins of the leaves 14, whereupon all of the leaves previously held by that' sectiony of the binder may be bodily removed, together ivitli the strip' 48 and posts 46 the latter still engaged 1n the openings 53 to prevent disarrzlngeinent oi' the leaves, or the stilp 48 may be' li'lted to disengage the posts et from the @penilri'gsl 53 and' at suehv time, env 'one or more of the leaves may be removed, the other 'leaves being? retained in place the posts 82. 1t

Will be evident tlit iii this iii'iiiiier there is a' nlinllninn disarrengeinent or the leaves in introducing or' removingv leaes, and considerable tiln'e and lbor is, therefore, seved.

'llheineans ifrovide'd for r ning in place the temiporety leeres- 15 prelerebly eeinprlses llo fill

a series of counterpart retaining devices best illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 of the drawings. Each Vof these devices comprises a bracket member 54 preferably of resilient sheet metal and including a substantially fiat strip-like body 55 provided at its opposite longitudinal edges with upstanding flanges 56 which are formed with openings 57 transversely alined to accommodate the shafts 22, the flanges of the b acket members engaging relatively adjacent onesof' the pintle 'eyes which serve to connect the plates 9 and binder members 16 with the shaft, and the said bracket members being, in this manner, substantiallyT fixedly supported with relation to the said shaft. @ne of the retaining devices is preferably positioned between two pairs of posts 46, and in like manner one of the retaining devices is prefere ly positioned between a pair of the posts 46 and the adjacent pair of the posts 32, so that a symmetrical arrangement of the retaining devices for the permanent and temporary inder leaves is obtained. rlhe numeral 58 indicates retaining fingers which are of ar vuate form and one of which is associated with each of the bracket members 54. vFlach of the lingers 56 is provided at one end with an enlargement 59 having an opening 60 formed therein, and a pin 61 is inserted through the opening and riveted or otherwise secured at its ends in openings 62 formed in the flanges 56 at one end of the bracket member. The enlarged end 59 of the finger is formed with a flat surface 63 and with a similar surface 64, the two surfaces meeting at a ridge 65.

As stated, the body portion 55 is of resilient metal and the same is formed with parallel slits 66 providing between them a spring tongue 67 against which either of the flat surfaces 63 or 64 of the enlarged end 59 of respective finger 56 may squarely engage. The finger 58 is so formed that when its flat surface 63 is resting in engagement with the spring tongue 67, the free end of the finger, indicated by the numeral 68 will rest in engagement with the upper side of the body portion 55 of the bracket member 54 at that end of the said body portion opposite the end at which the tongue 67 is located, and in this position of the finger it is designed to retain in place the temporary leaves 15, the leaves being provided with perforations 69 adapting them to be fitted to the finger and retained thereby. @n the other hand, when it is desired to remove any one of the leaves 15 or apply the leaves to the retaining fingers, the fingers may be swung bodily upwardly about their pivots so that the ridges 65 of their enlarged ends 59 will ride over the surfaces of the respective tongues 67 un lil the fiat surfaces 64 of the enlarged ends 59 rest in engagement with the said tongues, whereupon the lingers will be held in an open position to permit of the ready application of leaves to the fingers or removal of the leaves from the fingers. The plies 28 of the members 16 are recessed as indicated by the numeral 70, so as to accommodate the end portions of the members 54, and an opening 71 is formed in the ply 27 of one of the members 16 to accommodate the pivoted end of each respective finger 58, and similar openings 72 are formed in the corresponding ply of the other member 16 to accommodate the free ends 68 of the fingers. It will be observed, by reference to Figure 7 of the drawings, that the pivoted and free end portions of each of the fingers are extended on an arc having the relatively adjacent shaft 22 as its center, the intermediate portion of the finger extending on a gradual curve connecting` these two more arcuate portions. rTherefore, the members 16 may be swung about the shafts 22 without in any way interfering with the fingers 58 or without any interference on the part of the fingers. Furthermore, when the binder is closed, as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, the end portions of the members 54 will be accommodated in notches 73 formed in the margins of the leaves 14.

|The leaves 15 are preferably provided with perforations 74 and 7 5q in addition to the perforations 69, and corresponding to the perforations 31 and 53 of the leaves 14, so that if it should be desired to do so, a number of the leaves 15 may be arranged within the front or within the back of the binder as a whole to become a permanent part of the binder, in the same sense that the leaves 14 constitute a permanent part thereof.

In order that the binder may be locked closed or, in other words, in order that the two binder sections which carry the permanent leaves 14, may be locked together, and against unfolding, a latch spring 76 is provided and is disposed in a groove 77 formed in one edge of one of the blocks 19 at each end of the binder back, each spring having a portion 76 extending at right angies to its' portion 76 and engaging in a groove in the next adjacent side or edge of the block, and a shorter port-ion 7 9 engaging in a similar groove 66 formed in that edge of the block opposite the first mentioned edge. ln this manner, the springs are held assent bled with their respective blocks inasmuch as the second and third mentioned edges of each block are engaged respectively against the flange 11 and plate 9 of the respective binder member 16. ylfhe portion 76 of each latch spring is extended beyond the remaining edge of the respective block and overturned to provide a hook 81 located opposite the rack segment 21 of the respective block. The hooked end 81 of each spring is, furthermore, preferably provided with a lateral linger piece 82, whereby the spring maybe sprung away from. the block-and 4out of engagement with the keeper of the latch device, which keeper comprises a Lug 83 formed upon .the end portion 17 of the .opposing plate 9. Eachblock 19 which carriesone 0f the Springs. 716,. is preferably provided with an integral portion 84 which est-ends across the groove 7,7 across lthe portion 'K6 of said spring, so that the spring is somewhat reinforced at .this portion and is prevented from springing outwardly.7 from` the groove to too great an extent.

Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings illustrate `a modified form of latchtor holding the two binder sections locked together and against unfolding, and in` these figures, the numeral indicates in general a latchspring which is secured at one end .by a rivet 8G .to the end Lor one binder section and is sprung .outwardly from its secured end and maintains this position, as illustrated most clearly in Figure 13 due to its resiliency. The outer end portion ot' the latch spring is bent substantially at right angles, as at 87, to its shank portion and thence substantially at right angles to its portion 87 asY indicated by they numeral 88, and the said portion 88 terminates in a hook which is, indicated `by the numeral 89. The hook 89 extends at an acute angle inwardly with relation to the portion 88, as clearly shown in Figure 18, and is adapted to engage behind the hooked end 90 of a` keeper .9.1 carried by the corresponding` end of the other binder. section. By reeleneto the drawings, `and more particularly to Figure 13, it will be understood that when the, binder is closed, the hooked end 8,9 of the latch spring will ride over the end' ofthe hook 9() or the keeper 91 andk snap into engagement behind the said hook, thereby locking the binder sections. in closedk position andv preventing accidental uli-folding thereof. However, Vthe sections may be readily unlocked 'byy pressing inwardly against the outsprung portion ot the latch spring, which portion is indicated by the numeral 92, so as to disengage the hooked end 89 of' the latch spring from the keeper hook 90. As in thecase of" the form voi: latch previously described', one ot the latches shown in Figures. 12 and 13, would, of course, be located at each end ofthe binder, so that the binder will be locked closed at both ends, when the 'latch springs are engaged with their respective keepers and, on the other hand, it will be a simple matter to free the `latches to permit of opening of the binder by merely pressing against the portions otthe latch springs, whereupon the binder met-ions. will naturally tall -toan open position if the binder or book as a whole ige-resting on its back. ln -or-dcr that the latch spring 85' oteach ylatch may bc and, consequently,

adjusted as occasion may require, an adjustingscrew- 93a is fitted. loosely throughV an, opening in the outwardlyy sprung shank portion-,ot the latch spring and is threaded. into the corresponding block 94e ot the re-` speotine. binder sections, ift being-understood that adjustment ot ,thisspring may serve-to vary the `ancrlar position of the outwardly sprung portion ot the spring with relationto `the tace oit thebinder section. part upon which it ismountedf. Thus, ift desired, the latchspringsnnay"beadjusted sofas. to substantialilyrlear the keepers itit is desiredtol render the latches temporarily inactive, or only .one ofthe springs. may be so. adjusted, and, ontt'he vother hand, either or both` of the springs may.V be adjusted so. las; to effect proper engagement ofthe hooked` ends with the .respective keepers;

Bis. an example-oa'1v the .manner of" using the binder, presuming .that it is to be used' .by a minister, Yhe may arrange the printed -teXt leaves oi" the Bible within the binder see-` tiens 16 in ch a manner that that portion the on Which. .he is .to Vdeliver .his sermon will. be presented, for example, at the right in Figures 1 and' 2` of the drawings, as designated bythe numeral la in each oft these. figures. lan preparing .his sermon, he may make notes .upon :thetem-A poraryfI leaves 15 and, having arranged.v the, text -lea-ves in the manner stated, willi arrange lhisl vwritten notes, contained: `upon theA leaves 15, in the .tempera '1y `binder section comprising' the. members 58, .as for example asshown iin Figures 1f and 2, andi indicated by the numeral. 15, rl`-l1erei'ore, when he. is prepared to deliver his sermon and opens: the binder, :the printed tent -will be :before him and beside it the. memoranda ior- VnoteA leaves upon which Phe has made --hi's notes, and it 4willi .beevid'ent that this is an ceptionally convenient :tiran-gement;

lila-ving thus d'escribed.they invention, what l claim is:

l. ln a loose` leai'lbinder, binder sections each comprising'` a relatively fixed member lia-vingl singularly disposed kportions to ac commodate Ithe `margins off a-n assemblage oit leaves, means hingedly connecting the members ot the two sections, eache section tur-ther comprising a swinginglly adjustable binder member to likewise eng-age the `margins of the lea-ves, retaining `means for the lea-ves associa-ted withthe members of each section., and means supported between the said binder sections `and adjustable independently of thesecond-mentioned members oft-said sections, to accommodate andE retain iny placea plurality o'l' temporary leaves.

25 In a loose leali-"binder, binder sections embodyingmeans tor embracing and retaining -in'place the margins oisubstantially permanent lea-ves, means hingedlyconnecting the sections fory relative swinging adjustinent whereby the binder may be completely closed and may likewise be opened to flat condition, means upon the sections for eeoting uniform swinging adjustment of the sections throughout their length, and

means adjustable independently of the sections for accommodating and retaining in place, between the said sections, the margins of a plurality of temporary leaves.

3. ln a loose leaf binder, binder sections, parallel shafts, each binder section including a member embodying angularly disposed portions to accommodate the margins of an assemblage of substantially permanent leaves each section further including a binder member swingingly adjustably mounted upon the respec-tive one of the shafts, means upon the first mentioned member of each binder section supporting the respective shafts, means connecting'the shafts in parallelism, coasting means upon the members of each binder section for retaining the margins of leaves arranged therebetween, and coacting rack segments upon the first mentioned members of the said sections for effecting uniform movement of said seotions about their respective shafts in thei swinging adjustment.

4. In a loose leaf binder, binder sections, parallel shafts, each binder section including a member embodying angularly disposed portions to accommodate the margins of an assemblage of substantially permanent leaves, each section further including a binder member swingingly A adjustably mounted upon the respective one of the shafts, means upon the irst mentioned member of each binder section supporting the respective shafts, means connecting the shafts in parallelism, coacting means upon the members of each binder section for retaining the margins of leaves arranged therebetween, coacting rack segments upon the first mentioned members of the said sections for effecting uniform movement of said sections about their respective shafts in their swinging adjustment, and means supported by the shafts and adjustable independently of the first mentioned binder sections for accommodating and retaining in place a plurality of temporary leaves.

5. In a loose leaf binder, means for binding and retaining the margins of binder leaves comprising a relatively fixed section having angularly disposed portions to accommodate the margins of the leaves, a section swingingly connected with the first mentioned section and movable into and out of position to conne the margins of the leaves, leaf-retaining posts upon the fixed section, and a locking means upon the movable section coacting With the said posts and adjustable into and out of position to have locking engagement with the said posts.

(3. ln a loose leaf binder, means for conlining and retaining the margins of leaves to be bound comprisingl a lined member having a relatively angularly disposed portion to accommodate the margins of the leaves, a member swingingly adjustably connected with the first mentioned member, leaf-retaining posts upon the fixed member having headed ends, slidable locking plates upon the movable member having keyhole slots arranged in one position of adjustment of the plates to permit of passage of the header ends of the posts and, in another position of adjustment of the plates, to hav locking engagement `with the heated ends of il posts, means whereby the locking plates may be slidably adjusted, and means vieldabljY holding the locking plates inr locliingposition.

T. ln a loose leaf binder, Vmeans for confining and retaining` the margins of leaves to be bound comprising a fixed member having relativelyV angularly disposed portion to accommodate the margins of the leaves, a member swingingly adjustably connecter with the first mentioned member, leaf-retaining posts upon the fixed member having headed ends, slidable locking plates upon the movable member having keyhole slots arranged in one position of adjustment of the plates to permit of passage of the headed ends of the posts and, in another position of adjustment of the plates, to have locking engagement With the headed ends of the posts, means whereby the locking plates may be slidably adjusted, and means yieldably holding the locking plates in locking position, said means comprising a spring lined with relation to the movable member and engaging one end of the respective locking plate. Y

8. In a. loose leaf binder, means for accommodating and retaining in place the mar` gins of a plurality of leaves to be bound, said means comprising a relatively fixed membei having relatively angularly disposed portions to accommodate the margins of tht leaves, a binder member swingingly connected with the first mentioned member and movable into and out of position to engage and confine the margins of leaves, binder posts upon the fixed member for retaining the leaves, locking means upon the movable member for coaction with the posts to lock the movable member in leaf-retaining position, and means removably associated with the movable member for engaging the leaves in a manner to maintain the same in assembled relation upon their removal from the said binder posts.

9. In a loose leaf binder, means for accommodating and retaining in place the margins of a plurality of leaves to be bound, said means comprising a relatively fixed member having relatively angular disposed Ill) portions to accommodate the margins of the leaves, a binder member swingingly connected with the rst mentioned member and movable into and out of position to engage and confine the margins of the leaves, binder posts upon the iiXed member tor retaining the leaves, locking means upon the movable member for coaction with the posts to lock the movable member in leali-retaining position, a member removably assembled with the movable binder member, and binder posts carried by the last mentioned member for retaining the leaves in assembled relation at the time of their disengagement from the lirst mentioned binding posts.

lO. ln a loose leaf binder, binder sections each embodying means for accommodating and retaining in place a plurality ot relatively permanent leaves, means hingedly connecting saitL sections whereby the binder may be opened and closed, bracket members supported adjacent the connections between the said sections and each embodying a resilient tongue, and a leaf-engaging linger pivotally connected at one end with each respective b 'acket member and having angularly disposed flat surfaces at its said end to engage against the resilient tongue of the respective bracket member in positions of swinging adjustment or' the linger, each linger being of substantially arcuate form .means hingedly connecting said members, a

binder member swingingly connected with the said hinged means for each section and coacting with the irst mentioned respective member of the sections to conine and retain the leaves to be bound, cover leaves having their inner marginal portions disposed beside corresponding portions of the first mentioned members of the binder sections, a back of flexible material `folded at opposite sides of its median line to provide marginal flaps disposed against said inner marginal portions of the cover leaves, plates disposed ao'ainst the inner sides ot the said tlaps of the back, means uniting the plates, the said flaps of the back, the said inner marginal portions of the cover leaves, and the said portions ot the iii-st mentioned members of the binder sections together, and coactin'g means upon the members of each binder section for retaining the binder leaves assembled therewith.

In testimony whereof l alii); my signature.

HENRY B. JENNNGS, JR. [L s]

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