US1617887A - Manufacture of lead compounds - Google Patents

Manufacture of lead compounds Download PDF

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Publication number
US1617887A
US1617887A US58357A US5835725A US1617887A US 1617887 A US1617887 A US 1617887A US 58357 A US58357 A US 58357A US 5835725 A US5835725 A US 5835725A US 1617887 A US1617887 A US 1617887A
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United States
Prior art keywords
lead
dust
briquettes
air
compounds
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Expired - Lifetime
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US58357A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Reinhold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commonwealth White Lead & Paints Ltd Pty
Commw White Lead & Paints Prop
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Commw White Lead & Paints Prop
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G21/00—Compounds of lead

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of lead compounds and -more particularly to the manufacture of lead oxides (massicot and read lead), carbonates of lead and sulphates of lead. y
  • the primary object of the invention is to obtain, with econom and safety, an intermediate compound o lead in such form that it can be readily converted into the final lead compounds of high puritysuitable for the manufacture of pigments of great covering capacity, the manufacture of flint glass and, in general, for commercial purposes Where a high grade product is required.
  • the present invention provides a process which fulfills these conditions and enables a high grade product to be obtained with expediency.
  • the invention in its broad aspect, comprises the production of a brlquettc from dust-sized particles of partly-oxidized lead (which may be wholly or partially converted thereafter into partly-oxidized and hydrated lead) and which will be referred to hereinafter as partly-oxidized lead dust, or simply as dust, these particles being separated from each other in the briquette by minute spaces which maybe occupied by air, water, re-agents or reaction products, and the subsequent treatment of the b ⁇ riquettes by selected re-agents ⁇ according to the nature of the product required.
  • the br1quettes are of such formation as to allow thorough and effective penetration by the desired re-agent without the need for agitating machinery or devices, which, when employed in such operations 4have been 1iable to cause escape of dust and consequent contamination of the atmosphere and also absorb a considerable amount of power.
  • the temperature to which the metallic lead is heated to effect pulverization is, in accordance with this invention, so low and the rateof conversion of the lead into dust is so rapid that contamination of the lead by the material constituting the apparatus is negligible.
  • the mode of dividing or reducing the metallic lead into dust is such that the possibility of the dust. escaping tothe atmosphere is eliminated owing to the fact that the vessel or dust producer in which pulverization takes .place is under a slightly negative pressure relative to the atmosphercrpressure. That is to say the air current is induced into and through the dust producer in such a manner as to positively prevent the loss of an dust.
  • This fine dust is preferably mixe with water to form a coherent mass which may be moulded or pressed into briquettes, which, for the production of certain compounds, may or may not be aged as hereinafter described, and suitably treated for the production of the specified lead compounds.
  • the dust is contained within a leak proof system or within a systern wherein all leaks are inward; and as the dust is in the form of a moist coherent mass when it arrives at the moulding station, there is not any free dust liable to escape and contaminate the atmosphere.
  • the briquettes so produced rapidly harden or set and may be easily -handled with the least possible danger to the operatives, lwhilst they have been found to be readily permeably to re-acting mediums.
  • the briquettes are so shaped that any-particle thereof is within about half an inch of a free or exposed surface so as to allow effective and thorough penctration ofthe re-agents.
  • the utilization of the partly-oxidized lead dust in the .form of the said briquettes is an important feature of the lnvention. For instance if, in the manufacture of red lead, (Pb3O4) the lead dust was placed in a roasting furnace, only a comparatively thin layer of the dust could be used to secure proper conversion unless agitators or stirrers were employed. If the dust was introduced in thicker'layers, stirring or agitat ⁇ ing devices would be necessary to enable effective penetration of the re-agents, and there would always be a possibility of the dust being scattered so that collecting devices would be required for its recovery.
  • red lead is a material known as orange mineral or orange lead and this is usually obtained by roasting white lead (normally 2PbCO3.Pb(OH) 2) at .a temperature below.
  • Figure l is ay part sectional elevation of a suitable apparatus for reducing or dividing lead into dust, collecting the dust and mixing. water' therewith to form a plastic mass sui able for moulding into briquettes in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 1s a cross sectional View of a rotary drum or container in which the lead is reduced to dust form as an initial step in the production of lead compounds.
  • Figure 3 indicates a suitable type of press for. moulding the hydrated lead dust into britluettes.
  • Figure 4 s a perspective view of a briquette of a preferred formation -in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the briquette.
  • Figure 6 is a part sectional elevation showing a suit-able muie furnace wherein the briquettes may be converted into desired compounds such as litharge and red lead.
  • FIG 7 is a chart in which the process for producing briquettes, formed from partly-oxidized lead dust, for conversion into specific lead compounds is indicated step by ste I llii carrying out the invention metallic lead (see Figure '1) is pulverized at A by the action of heat in the presence of a current of air, which latter carries the particles of lead dust away in suspension. 'lhe dustvis precipitated from the air current at B and is mixed with water at C to form a plastic, coherent mass. The coherent mass is then moulded at D into briquettes of a suitable shape which are allowed to set or harden at E. For conversion into certain lead compounds the briquettes are first aged at F before treatment by the appropriate re-action agents, whilst for other compounds the briprior to treatment by re-action agents.
  • aged briquettes may be subjected to heat treatment in the presence of air as indicated at Gr and H for conversion, respectively, into lead monoxide PbO (massicot) and red lead Pb304).
  • PbO lead monoxide
  • red lead Pb304 red lead Pb304
  • a rotatable drum or cylinder 2 which may be sup'- ported by rollers 3 and provided with a toothed or sprocket wheel 4 whereby it may be rotated.
  • the drum is suitably housed within a furnace 6 which 'may be oil fired as indicated at 7.
  • the lead is preferably introduced into the drum 2 by way of a feed opening 8 ⁇ at one end, and if desired the lead may be fed into the drum in a molten condition from a melting bath or receptacle 9 suitably disposed as to be heated by the furnace gases or products of combustion.
  • a feed pipe" 11 leads from the bath t) to conduct the molten lead by way of the feed opening into the drum.
  • a manually operable Valve 12 may be interposed in the feed pipe 11 in order to enable the rate of feed to be controlled and adjusted as desired.
  • the rotatable drum which vmay be constructed of cast iron or other suitable material, is preferably provided with a series of longitudinal partitions or ribs 13 which are spaced at circumferential intervals around the inner wall of the drum and form troughs 14.
  • the ribs 13 project inwardly from the inner wall ina direction that is between a radial and a tangential direction.
  • the rotary drum is heatedby the furnace to a temperature above the melting point of lili ' in quantity as drum and the dust collectors.
  • a stationary conduit or fitting 17 may be suitably supported in order to register with the outlet opening 16 of the drum and this conduitV may have a branch' leading to a first or primary dust collector 18 into Which the heavier particles of lead in the air current may fall by gravity.
  • This lirst dust collector is preferably provided with an air inlet aperture 19 through which atmospheric air is induced into the conduit, the provision of this air inlet minimizing the liability ofvany of the lighter particles of lead dust falling into they first collector. It will be evident that the air entering this inlet aperture 19 will prevent the dust escaping from the first collectorinto the atmosphere so that perfect safety is ensured.
  • the relatively heavy particles of dust collected in the first collector may be returned to the rotary drum 2 for further treatment at' desired intervals.
  • conduit 17 may be suitably connected as at 20 to a second dust collector 21,which may also be connected by a conduit 22 to a third dust collector 23, ⁇
  • the dust precipitated by the collectors is preferably delivered into a casing 26, the interior of vvhich forms a combined conveying and mixing chamber 27 wherein the dust is mixed with Water and coniieyed to a briguette forming station.
  • the dust collectors 21 and 23 mayA have delivery openings 28 Which register with aperthereby form a coherent mass of a- .consis-y tency suitable for pressing or moulding into briquettes.
  • the pump 32 may be suitably driven from thescrew conveyor spindle 34 and means may be provided to regulate the rate of feed of the Water in accordance with the amount of dust entering the mixing chamber.
  • the briquettes 36 may be made in the form of dat blocks or they may be of cylindrical form or again they may be made in the nature of rods of a limited diameter, but it is advisable that., Whatever shape is imparted to the briquettes, any particle thereof should be Within ⁇ about one half an inch from a free or exposed surface to allow thorough penetration of the re-acting agents.
  • the briquettes are preferably moulded into the form of rectangular yblocks ( Figures 4 and 5) and are perforated by a series of through passages 37, Whilst the exposed surfaces may, if desired, be provided with channels 38 as shown.
  • the dimensions of the passages 37 and the body of the briquette should be so proportioned as to permit proper radiation of the heat from the briquette, as otherwise local high temperature may prevail, causing fusion of a part of the briquette and thus preventing eifective penetration of the re-acting agents.
  • a briquette 5" by 4 by 21/2 with evenly spaced perforations 37 and channels 38, has been found very suitable for carrying out the invention and is offfconvenient size and Weight for handling.
  • the briquette may be aged by exposure to air with or without the addition of moisture, or if desired the ageing may be conducted by exposing the briquettes to Warm moist air exhausted from drying chambers. It has been found, however, that the ageing is generally more thorough and complete when the briquettes are exposed to ordinary atmospheric air.
  • the briquettes are to be used for the production of red lead, Pb304, they vmay ybe first aged and then treated preferably in a cast iron mule furnace 41, ( Figure 6) .at
  • a temperature-of not higher than 550 C.' Air is admitted through an inlet 42 at o'ne end of the Inutile furnace and an air exhaust flue 43 is provided-at the other end.
  • the briquettes may be arranged in end to end formation (with slight spaces between ad] acent briquettes) upon suitable trays 44 adapted for insertion into the furnace in such manner that the perforations 37 of the series of.briquettes undergoing treatment are aligned, thereby providing longitudinal passageways for the air which is thus allowed to penetrate thoroughly into the briquettes.
  • the inlet 42 of the furnace may be fitted with a door or closure 46 having apertures 47, and a suitable regulator 48 may be associated herewith to control the admission of air according to requirements.
  • a damper 49 may Aalsobe interposed in the air exhaust flue 43 for a like purpose.
  • the furnace may if desired be oil fired as indicated at 51 and the products of combustion may ⁇ be caused to follow a tortuous path as indicated by the arrows for the purpose of ensuring even leat distribution relative to the furnace 41.
  • the numeral 52 indicates a discharge vent can be readily ground into line powder for commercial use.
  • aged briquettes produced as aforesaid after only four hours roasting at a temperature not higher .than 550 C. (for example, about 490 C.) contain red lead, and that, by roasting the Vaged briquettes at a higher temperature,
  • the briquettes being preferably stacked so that the perforations thereof provide a series of substantially vertical passageways for the circulation and penetration of the reaction gases.
  • a process for manufacturing lead compounds which consists in mixing dust-sized particles of partly-oxidized lead with water toproduce a plastic mass; forming ⁇ a briquette therefrom; and thereafter converting such briquette intothe required final lead compound by subjecting it to reactionary treatment.
  • a process for manufacturingl lead conipounds which consists in pulverizing metallic'lead to a fine dust by the action of heat in the presence of a current of air, precipitating the particles of dust from the air current, mixing the precipitated dust with water to form a coherent mass, shaping said mass into briquettes, ageing the briquettes lln by exposure to air ⁇ and subjecting the aged briquettes to reactionary treatment for conversion into the required nal lead compounds.
  • a briquette for use in the manufacture of lead compounds composed of dust-sized particles of hydrated. partly-oxidized lead separated from each other by minute spaces, the briquette being of such formation that any one of said dust-sized particles therein plastic mass, and shaping such mass into ⁇ 1 briquettes for subsequent reactlonary treatment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
US58357A 1925-03-30 1925-09-24 Manufacture of lead compounds Expired - Lifetime US1617887A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU249809X 1925-03-30

Publications (1)

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US1617887A true US1617887A (en) 1927-02-15

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US58357A Expired - Lifetime US1617887A (en) 1925-03-30 1925-09-24 Manufacture of lead compounds

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US (1) US1617887A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE333343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR613994A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB249809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422099A (en) * 1941-01-03 1947-06-10 Hiller Siegfried Apparatus for the production of comminuted particles
US2761767A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-09-04 Solumeta Soc Franc Apparatus for the manufacture of red lead
US3322496A (en) * 1965-05-10 1967-05-30 Nat Lead Co Process for producing lead oxides
US4618478A (en) * 1983-04-29 1986-10-21 Oxide & Chemical Corporation Apparatus for the production of lead oxide
US20060039852A1 (en) * 2004-08-19 2006-02-23 Johnson Controls Technology Company Method for making lead oxide for lead-acid batteries
CN103539199A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-29 界首市骏马工贸有限公司 一种利用太阳能加热辅助电加热的环保转筒式红丹氧化炉
CN114044536A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-02-15 安徽骏马新材料科技股份有限公司 一种环保的红丹制备工艺

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL111327C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1957-02-26
JPS5468798A (en) * 1977-11-12 1979-06-02 Mizusawa Industrial Chem Manufacture of lead carbonate

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422099A (en) * 1941-01-03 1947-06-10 Hiller Siegfried Apparatus for the production of comminuted particles
US2761767A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-09-04 Solumeta Soc Franc Apparatus for the manufacture of red lead
US3322496A (en) * 1965-05-10 1967-05-30 Nat Lead Co Process for producing lead oxides
US4618478A (en) * 1983-04-29 1986-10-21 Oxide & Chemical Corporation Apparatus for the production of lead oxide
US20060039852A1 (en) * 2004-08-19 2006-02-23 Johnson Controls Technology Company Method for making lead oxide for lead-acid batteries
CN103539199A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-29 界首市骏马工贸有限公司 一种利用太阳能加热辅助电加热的环保转筒式红丹氧化炉
CN114044536A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-02-15 安徽骏马新材料科技股份有限公司 一种环保的红丹制备工艺
CN114044536B (zh) * 2021-12-09 2023-09-01 安徽骏马新材料科技股份有限公司 一种环保的红丹制备工艺

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Publication number Publication date
BE333343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR613994A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1926-12-03
GB249809A (en) 1927-01-31

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