US1617863A - Rotary pump - Google Patents

Description

B. Rf PLANCHE noun puur Filed Aux. 31, 192i F I G I Feb. 15, 1,9271

Feb. 15, 1927. B' R. PLANCHE ROTARY PUMP y Filed Aug. 31, 1921 Q1 w E Feb; 15, 1927.

1,617,863 B. RA. PLANCHE ROTARY PUMP Feb 15 1927 a. R. PLANCHE ROTARY PUMP Filed' Auf..` 31, 1921 5 sheets-sheet 4 Feb. 15, 1927.

B. R. PLANCHE ROTARY PUMP Filed Aug. 31. 1921 lPatented Feb. 15,- 1927.

1,617,863.. N UNITED STATESI PATENT oFFlcE.

. BENJAMIN REN 1=I.'A1\TCHE,VV or VILLEFnA'NcHE-sUn-snoun, ramen."

ROTARY PUMP.

- 'Application ined August 31,1921,- seriai No. 497,268, and in Belgium :une

(GRANTED'UNDER THE raovIsIoNsor 'rim' Aer or Manen 3, 1921, 41 sur. L., isis.)

The invention relates to rotary machines notablypumps.

Thev improved machine is of the type comprising an eccentrically placed rotary disc' 5y piston movable in a cylinder and provided with members such as plates assuring the tightness of the disc piston in said cylinder.- In my improved machine these plates are arranged in such a way lthat they form a deformable block, and'slide one on another, this being effected by the centrifugal force produced bythe rotation'of the disc piston which applies the plates against the Walls of the cylinder. Suitable means are provided for balancing the masses in rotation. The suction and outlet ports are4 arranged in such a way that during the operation position of these ports of the machine the determine delays of the opening and of the 2.0 closing of the suction 'and flow passages and in certain Acases allows a direct and momentary communication, by the delivery orifice, between the two sides of the disc piston. The delivery orifice is an .extra rapid closing valve.

. Apart from the above particular featuresl the invention resides in lcertain other 1 arrangements which are utilizable preferably vat the same time alid which lwill be hereinafter described.

rlhe annexed'drawing illustrates the invention. Fig. 1 isa diagrammatic section perpendicular to the axis of a' rotary pump and is given to illustrate the theory of this type of machine.

Fig. 2 is an axial section of a' rotary pump constructed according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a transverseview thereof partly 4in section and partly in elevation.

Fig. 44 a partial section illustrating a modification.

Fig 5 is a view illustrating the shape of the piston disc. i

Fig. 6 illustrates in plan4 the suction and outlet ports of the pump.

Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a section and a plan view of a valve.

Fig. 9 is a cross section through the shaft of the apparatus and illustrates packing means therefor.

Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate one of the ends v.of the disc piston, Fig. 10 being a section 4 'scribe the circle provided with Bro-B200 with `latter is caused 'A1 and will cut the circle A 41 X2`an'd that the angular speed will be double straight line itl on line l10*1() of.Fig. 11 and 11 a sec- '12--12 and Fig. 13 a section on line 13-13 of Fig. 14. i Referring tol Fig. 1.- Being given a circle A of which the centre is O.. If a straight line B is turned round a point A of this circle which cuts this circle at a second point A2 and if one forms on this straight line on eachside of the lpoint A2 two lines equal -t'o one another and greater than the diameter of the circle A there will be obtained on said straight line two points B2 and B2 the geometrical path .ofwhich will be a conchoid of the circle C.

To cause the points B1 and B2 to de-v scribe the said conchoid it is suiiicient'to.

turn at a constant A2 the centre of this .straight line round the lcentre O in a manner that it will de- A and at thesame time turn the said straightline at half the an'` gular speed round said point A2. .To practically obtainthese two movements one can proceed as follows.

If one considers `the position Bm- 2 of the said straight line for'which' the points A1 andA2 mincle (tangent tol the point angular speed, the lpoint A1 and if one daraws a circle Blof a radius .double the radius, of the circle -A hav-` ing its centre at A this lcircle will be tan-- gent-ial to the circle A at a point A3 diametrically opposite the' point A1 and Will' cut the straight vline Bw---B2o at two points B10 and B20". If after having fixed the straight line at regard to this circle B, the to roll on the circle A it isfeasily demonstrated that thesaid straight line will pass constantly through the point at another point the angular speed of the self turning round the point A2.

Onecan consequently by these means describe the conchoid to the points B1 and B2 of the straight line by makingthe point A2 turn round the centre C While at the same time causing the'circle B1 to roll on lthe circle A.

If the two parts of the surface comprised in the conchoid which are separated by the straight line B- 2 are now examined, it

can be easily seen that these two parts are equal to one another when the straight line passes through the points A1 and A3 and that when said straight line turns away from this position one of the surfaces increases while the other decreases and that, just at the moment when said straight line will have arrived in lthe posit-ion perpendicular to the first, that is to say in the position 15m-B20 at which one of the surfaces is at' the maximum and th other at the minimum; the minimum surface will then start to increase and the maximum surface to decrease until the straight line having turned through 1800 willl have returned to the position B10-B2".

The conchoid of the vcircle C thus obtained may be inscribed inside a circle which would represent the inner part of the wall of the cylinder a shown in Fig. 1 the centre of which will be exactly on the middle of the ytop of the conchoid and of which the radius `tween the ends of the cylinder a and the is such that the circle obtained would be tangential'to this conchoid at two points B1o and B20. It is evident that 1f one prolongs it on each side of the straight line B so that it meets the circle D the remarks on the subject of variations of surfacesA comprised in the conchoidl would continue to apply. y

Thls belng shown, to estabhsh a pump based on the above principles, the following arrangement is suitable. v

. The cyhnder a comprises two flat sides or ends and the inner surface of its circular wall is tangential to the conehoid of the circle established with the circumference A of the centre O. Itis providedv with an admission Vport a and a delivery port a positioned in such a manner that when the said Astraight line is in the position B10-B20 the discharge port 10 leads into the` part of minimum section while the port a0 leads into the part of maximum section. y

In this manner a disc piston b Figs. l, 2 and 3 is formed.

This piston is of lenticular shape in cross section and is terminated at'its two ends by two flat faces parallel to the said cross section;

Its length is equal to the distance bewidth between the points or extremities of the spindle is equal to the distance between thepoints B19 andB2 and its height is less than the interior diameter of the cylinder a.

It is formed of two pieces fixed one against the other along a cross sectional line, concentric withits axis a cylindrical opening-` b2 is provided for the housing of a bearing' and it is provided on each of its fiat faces with a certain number of packingi members for instance the segments e parallel to the ed in the cylinder a and ofmoving in this cylinder in the manner above described, these'means may be constituted as follows.

A shaft e is arranged as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the axis of this shaft passing through the centre O and being parallel to the axis of the cylinder a.- -This shaft is mounted in bearing-s in the sidewalls of the cylindrical easing. v

The shaft is integral with an eccentric e1 on which the disc piston is freely mounted and the axis of which is'at a distance from -the axis of the shaft e equal to the radius of the circle A; this arrangement obliges the centre of the disc-piston to describe the said circle whilst dispensing wi:h a crank. The eccentric runs on strong ball bearings 0r on several bearing membVers having large surfaces' of contact so as to diminish as much as possible the. forces vof pressure, per unit of surface, between the parts in frictional contact.

In order that the shaft e can rotate the disc piston toothed pinions e2 areiprovided concentric with the shaft ef and the dise piston with interiorly toothed crowns b1 cngaging with the teeth of the pinions e2.

T he pinions e2 have a pitch circle equal to the diameter of the circle A and the crowns b1 have'a pitch circle equal to double the diameter of said circle A. The above described gearing imparts a'positive movement to the plston relative to the eccentric. Consequently when the shaft turns in the direction indicated by the arrow in F ig. 4 the disc-piston will be displaced in the cylinder a and sucks the liquid being pumped through the port a0 and discharges it through the port a0".

The gearing actuating the piston is designed so as to operate the movement of the piston b in such a way as to promote synchronism between the speed of rotation of the crank shaft e and the speed of rotation of the piston round the crank shaft. The speed of rotation of the piston Z) is half than that of the shaft e, that is to say the piston makes one complete rotationr during the period that the crank makes two complete rotations the gearing in effect giving a positive movement of the piston relative to the eccentric e2. A v

'Io assure tightness of the disc-piston at the points thereof, one or more housings 220 (Fig. 4) are provided in the piston body in which superposed packing plates f are arranged, the outer ends of these plates being applied against the inner surface of the cylinder by the action of centrifugal force due to the'rotation of the piston.

Each of these plates except the two ex- Ilm of two piston plungers Ii sliding these will abutt against the spindle and by centres c* corresponding to t dea treme ones is provided with a rectangular opening as shown 1n Figs. 12'to 14. The longitudinal axis of each opening is parallel to te generatrix of the cylinder a and the short axis is deaxial with respect to the middle ofthe plate so that the said plates overlap each other alternate] so as to form two symmetrical groups an so that any one plate having one of its ends in contact with tangular openings are arranged relatively to onc'another in such a way that they their su perpositioning a common rectangular opening f2 in which elastic means such as a coil spring g' is arrangedsuitable to press the two groups of plates respectively against e assistance the ends of the cylinder a with th between the extreme plates. c. l

The plates 'of each group are-preferably unequal length so that for the position 2 of the disc piston at dead points half at least of B'io for example of bottom of the housing which contains ,them a point of support which from entering further intov the iniluence of exterior pressure, To lub y ranged inside the same with for example four regulatable feeds, two of these feeds lead to the ball bearings the other two which are-"much greater lead adjacent to the toothed crowns e2in such a .drops into theinterior of the disc p' ton. he spray thus formed lubricates the pinions e and the ball bearings.` Under the action of the centrifugal force the lubrii ows over in plates andthen escapes. low of obtaining the smallest posldanger of the points of piston catching, if the piston was not any oneof its for the shaft e and th parts of the d as shown in Figs. 3, 7'and -8 constituted. by I plates of very thin, flexible steel cut star shaped and covering very small orifices for. the passage of the liqui his valve has a very low inertiaand con closes ver of working of this type of machine.

e said valve is provided at its up part with an incurved abutment z" shape shown in Figs. 3 and 7 obliging all' the plates to bend and not at a single point and so limitthe danger of their ru ture.

For a compression pump the valves are obtain clays in the opening and closing of e a ission and outlet ports; these lgures show the positionl of the ports a and a0 admission these delays allow partial recovery of the work lost by the harm advantage 'of considerably chine while permitting a partial utilization of the inertia ofthe mass of liiuid in move- As regards the outllow t e orifice a.

- V or a vacuum pump it is advisable to give more feeble delays and above all immediately after'the disc piston has reached the end of the stroke to`eil'ect a direct cation between the two curved faces of the said piston dicated by the arrow shown at Fig.4 4 in suc] that this orifice is closed 'a little more by the outlet valve previously mentioned, the pressurerin the harmful space equalizedat this m0ment-with that of tlie'interior space of space and have.

by means of the orifice"a as in' i a way that, while supposing.

the pump labout -to be sucked and this j such of the exhaust ofthe closure of the a delay in' the closure ofthe exhaust is slightly less than that of the opening of the a mise admission and outlet ports have an inclined shape as shown in Fig. 6. l1T'glhtness between the ents c and d of t e er is obtaine by interposing v suitable springs between t-he segments and the bottoms of their housings.

. .Balance of the masses in movement is obtamed by means of fly-wheels j mounted on issidn and that the.

sc piston against the ends of the cylin gation as 'at f1 being in the form of a conc the shaft e, these fly-wheels each carry a weight j* symmetrically placed in such a manner thatl the resultant power couple which they produce is equaland opposed to the couple and vresultant force produced by the centrifugal force acting on the piston.

Adjustment of the position of the disc piston is effected as follows: each of the pinions e2 is fix'd to one of the ends of a bearing box k (Fig. 2) which are adjustable in such a way that they can be given different positions.

'Iightness of the shaft e in the bearing boxes k is effected by providing said shaft with packings each constituted by twohalf rings lZ Figs. 2 metal pressed against one another by a coil spring fm surmounting them; two small pins 'n diametrieally opposite one another prevent them from turning 'n their housing an allow that by reason L,of the rotation of the shafte the pressure of these members de creases in proportion as the friction which they create increases and vice versa.

The edge of each late opposed 'to that which bears against t e of the cylinder comprises a sort of corru- FiU. 14) This arrangement prevents the ui s treated from passing through the channels of very small section formed alternately ou each side by the plates.

The invention is not limite of construction described, for instance the cross section of --the disc piston instead of hoid of a circle may have another shape, for instance, cirwith respect to.

- to said-eccentric means cular. l

Vhat I claim as my inventionvand desire to secure byv Letters Patent of the United States -is 1. A rotary pumplof the character described comprising a cylinder, end walls to said cylinder, a shaft extending through said end walls parallel to, and eccentrically placed the axis of said cylinder, an eccentric keyed on said shaft, a piston of lenticular cross section and having fiatside faces, means for adjusting said piston, mounted freely rotatable on said eccentric within said cylinder, means carried by said iston for effecting Huid tightness thereof in' said cylinder, gearing imparting' va positive movement of rotation to said pistonr'e ative for admitting fluid to said cylinder, means for the evacuation of fluid from said cylinder, ed on each end of said shaft, outside said end walls` and symmetrically arranged weights connected to said iiy-w/h'eels` the couple of the resultant force produced by said weights being equal`and opposed to the couple and the resultant force which the centrifugal force acting on the piston produces whereby equilibrium of the masses in movement is obtained.

and 9 made of antifriction cylindrical surface d to the details scribed comprising a cylinder shaped a .fly-wheel mount- 2. A rotary. pump of the character described comprisino a cylinder shaped to'"a conchoid of a circ e, end walls to said cylin# der, a shaft extending through said end Walls parallel' to and eccentricallyvplaced with respect to the axis of said cylinder, an eccentric keyed on said shaft, a piston of lenticu lar cross section ahnd having flat side faces mounted freely rotatable on said eccentric within said cylinder, means carried by said piston for effecting fluid tightness thereof in said cylinder, toothed pinions concentric with Said shaft, interiorly toothed crowns carried said piston gearing with said pinions, a valve for admitting fluidto said cylinder, a valve for the evacuation of fluid from said cylinder, a fly-wheel mounted on each end of said shaft, outside said end walls, and symmetrically arranged weights, connected to said fly-wheels.

3. A rotary pump scribed comprising a conchoid of a circle, end walls to said cylinder, a shaft extending through said end walls parallel toand eccentrically placed with respect to the axis of said cylinder, an eccentric keyed on "said shaft, ay piston oflenticular crosssection having a recess at each end and having flat side faces mounted freely rotatable on said eccentric Within said cylinder, a series of superposed rectangular plates slidof the character desably housed in each of said recesses the outer edgesof said plates being applied against the inner wall of said cylinder when said piston is rotating, toothed pinions concentric with said shaft, interiorly toothed crowns carried by said piston gearing with said pinions, an inlet port and an outlet port in said cylinder arranged in such a manner as to obtain equal or different delays in the opening and closing thereof, a fly-wheel mounted on each end of said shaft outside said end Walls, symmetrically arranged weights connected to said flywheels", packing members in the flat side faces of said piston, springs actinw on sai packing members," spring presse packing members, for said shaft and means for preventing said last mentioned packing inembers rotating with said shaft. v

4; A rotary pump of the character deto a conchoid of a circle, end walls to said cylinder, a shaft extending through said end walls parallel to and eccentrically placed with respect to the axis of said cylinder, an eccentric keyed on said shaft, a piston of lenticular cross section andhaving fiat side faces mounted freely rotatable` on said eccentric within said cylinder, means carried by said piston for'effecting fluid-tightness thereof in said cylinder, toothed Y pinions concentric with said shaft, bearing boxes with which said pinions are integral and arranged so that they can be -given differentv angular positions to allow adjustment of said piston,

cylinder shaped to a lli) conchoid of a circle, end walls to said cylinslots adapted to press t interiorly toothed crowns carried by said piscross section having a recess at each end and ton gearing with said pinions, a valve for adhaving flat side faces mounted freely rotatinitting liuid'to said cylinder, a valve for the able on said eccentric' within said cylinder, evacuation of fluid from said cylinder, a llymeans for adjusting said piston, a series wheel mountedA oneach end of said shaft, of superposed rectangular plates slidably 70 outside said end walls, and symmetrically arhoused in each of said recesses each of said ranged weights, connectedto said fly-wheels. plates with the exception of the' top and rotary pump of the character debottom one of a series being provided with scribed comprising a cylinder shaped to a a rectangular slot, sprin means within said. I ge ends of alternate der, a shaft extending through said end walls plates against the end walls of said 4cylinparallel to and eccentrically placed with reder, toothed pinions concentric with said 4 spect to the axis of said cylinder, an eccentric shaft, interiorly toothed crowns carried by keyed on said shaft a piston of lenticular said piston gearing with said pinions, a cross section having a recess at eachend and valve for admitting fluid to said cylinder, a 80 having flat side faces, mounted freely rotatvalve for the evacuation of fluid from said able on 'said eccentric within said cylinder, a' cylinder, -a ily-wheel mounted on each end series of superposed rectangular plates slidof said shaft, outside said end walls, and

ably housed in each of said recesses the outer symmetrically arranged weights connected edges of said plates bein applied against the to said ily-wheels. -85

inner wallof said cylin er when said piston 8. A rotary pump ofthe character de- 1s rotat1ng, toothed pinions concentric with scribed comprising a cylinder shaped to a sald s haft, interiorly toothed crowns c arried conchoid of a circle, end walls to said cylby said piston gearing with said pinions, a 'inder, a shaft extending through -said end valve for admitting fluid to said cylinder, a walls lparallel to and eccentrically 'laced'go valve for the evacuation of` fluid from said with respect .to the axis of said cylin er, an cylinder, a fly-wheel mounted on each end of eccentric keyed lon saidshaft, a piston freemetrically arranged -weights connected to cylinder, said piston having fiat sides and said ily-wheels. l' a lenticular cross section havin such shape 95 6 A rotary pump of the character dethat at each dead .point the .mi dle point of scribed comprising a cylinder shaped to a the curves thereof come in turns tangential conchoid of a circle end walls to said cylinto the cylinder, suitable amount of play beder, a shaft extending through said end walls ing left at the ends of said piston correparallel to and eccentrically placed withrespending to these points, means carried b W0 spect to the axis of .said cylinder, an eccensaid piston forv effecting fluid-tightness tric keyed on said shaft, a piston of lenticuthereof in said cylinder, toothed pinions conlar cross section having 'a recess at each-end centric with said shaft, interiorly toothed and having flat side faces mounted freely rocrowns carried by said. piston gearing with tatable on said eccentric within'said cylinder, said pinions, a valve means for admitting 105 a series of superposed rectangular plates slidfluid to said cylinder, a valve for the evacuaably housed in each of said recesses the outer tion offluid from said cylinder, a ily-wheel edges of said plates being applied against mounted on each end of said shaft outside the inner wallof said cylinder when said said end walls, and symmetrically arranged i piston isrotating, toothed pinions concentric `weights connected to said il -wheels. 11

with said shaft, mteriorly toothed crowns 9. A rotary. pump of t e character dev carried-by said piston gearing with said pinscribed comprising a cylinder shaped tofv a ions, a valve for admitting fluid to said cylconchoid of a circle, end walls to said cylinder, a valve for the evacuation of fluid inder, a shaft extending through said end from said cylinder, a fly-wheel mounted on walls`r parallel to andV eccentrically placed 115 each end of said shaft outside said end with respect to the axis of said cylinder,- walls, symmetrically arranged weights conan eccentric keyed on said shaft, a pistony nected to said ily-wheels, packing members of lenticular cross section lhaving a recess in the flat side faces of said piston, springs at each end and having flat sideifaces mountactlng on said packing members, 'spring ed freely rotatable on said eccentric within 120.

pressed asking members for said shaft and said cylinder, a series of superposed rectaiii means or preventing said last ,mentioneda gular plates slidably housed in each of said l packing members rotating with said shaft. recesses the outer edges of said plates being rotary pump of the character deapcplied against the inner wall ofsaid cyl-` yscribed comprisin la cylinder sha ed to a in er when said piston is rotating, toothed 125 conchoid of a circ e en`d\walls to said cylinpinions concentric with said shaft, interiorly der,a shaft extending through said end'walls toothed crowns ca rried by said piston gear parallel to and eccentrically laced with reing with said pinions, an inletport and an spect to the axis of said cylin er, an eccentric outlet port insaid cylinder arranged in' such keyed on said shaft, a piston' of lenticular a manner as to obtainequal or different de- 13 lays in the opening and closing thereof, said outlet port further allowing al direct but momentary communication between the two sides of the piston during each rotation of the latter, a ily-wheel mounted on each end of said shaft outside said end walls, symmetrically arranged weights connected to said fly-wheels, packing membersoin -the flat 'members rotatn side facesV ofsaid` piston, springs acting on said packing members, spring pressed pack- 1o ing members for said shaft and means for, preventing said last mentioned packing with Said shaft.

In witness w ereof I have signed this specification.

BENJAMIN REN PLANCHE.

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