US1340625A - Rotary machine - Google Patents

Description

B. H. PLANCHE. l ROTARY MACHPNE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.27. i918.

,340,625. Patenwd May 18, 1920.

Y' ff 3 SHEETS-SHEET l- /f l B..R. PLANCHE.

ROTARY MACHINE.

APPLICATION F|LED Nov. 27, 191s.

Patented May 18, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

B. R. PLANCHEIA ROTARY MACHINE.

APPLICATION FlLED Nov. 21. 1918.

Patented May 18,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

BENJAMIN 'REN PLANCHE, 0F VILLEFRANCHE-SUR-SANE, FRANCE.

ROTARY MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mayjls, 1920 Application filed. November 27, 1918. Serial No. 264,311.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN REN' PLANCHE, citizen of the French Republic, residing at Villefranche-sur-Sane, Departof Rhne, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Machines,` of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to rotary machines suoli as pumps and engines.

It has for its chief object to enable machines of the kind in question to be built so that they should be of a simpler construetion, as well as better in working than hitherto.

It consists, chiefly also, in using, for constituting machines of the kind in question, a cylinder having for its base a circle conchoid, a blade of a length equal to the height of the said conchoid, mounted in the interior of the said cylinder, and means for moving the said blade in the interior Vof the said cylinder in such a manner that its ends should always remain in contact with'the inner wall of thesaid cylinder.

Apart from this principal arrangement, it comprises certain other arrangements more explicitly referred to hereinafter.

It relates more particularly to certain methods of carrying out the said arrangements, and more particularly still, by way of new industrial products, to machines of the kind in question comprising application of the said arrangements, as well as to special elements suitable for building them. It will be in any case clearly understood from the followingdescription as well as from the accompanying drawing which, of course, is given merely by way of example.

Figure 1 of the said drawing is a diagram explaining the theory of rotary machines vbuilt according to the invention.

Figs. 2 and?) show respectively in longitudinal section and in section on line 3--3 of Fig. 2 a rotary pump according to a .first method of carrying out the invention.

Figs. 4: and 5 show respectively in 1ongitudinal section and in section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4, a rotary pump built according to a second method of carrying out the invention.

Fig. 6 finally gives a the balancing of rotary to the invention. c

. According to the invention, and more particularly according to those of the methods machines according B B2, the place of which will b diagram explaining i of carrying it out, to which refers more particularly .the drawing, when it is intended to build for instance a rotary pump, the proceeding is as-follows or in a similar It is known that if, given a circumference l A with the center O, a straight line B intersecting the said circumference in a second point A2 said circumference, and if on the said straight line, at each side of the point A2, are drawn two equal lengths, greater than the diameter of the circumference A, on the said straight line will be obtain d two points Z a circle conchoid C.

' In order to force the points B and B2 to describe the said conchoid, it is suiiicient to rotate the point A2, center of the said straight line, at a constant angular speed about the center O, so thatv it should describe the circumference A, and at the same time to rotate the said straight line at half the angular speed about the said point A2. In order to obtain in practice the said two movements, the following properties should be utilized.

If the position B10, B20 of the said straight line is considered, for which the points A1 and A2 coincide (tangents at the point A1), and if a circumference D is traced, of a radius equal to twice the radius'of the circumference A and having its center at A1, the said circumference will-be tangent to the circumference A at a point A0, diametrically opposite the point A1, and will intersect the straight line D1, D2 at two points D1, D2. If, after having secured the straight line at D1,/ and D'2 to the said circumference, the latter is caused to roll on the circumference A, it could be easily proved that the said straight line will be constantly passing through the point A1 andfwill intersect the circumference at another point A2; and that the angular speed will be double the angular speed of the straight line itself about the is rotated about a point A ofthe B2, and to cause the point A2 to describe the circumference A, by forcing the straight line B1, B2 to pass through the point A, and a perpendicular to the said straight line, to pass through the point A0.

On examining, on the other hand, the two portions of the surface, situated in the interior of the conchoid and separated by the straight line B1, B2, it will be clearly seen that these two portions are equal to each other when the straight line passes through the points A1 and A0, and that, starting from the position in question, when the straight line is rotated, one of the said surfaces will increase, while the other will decrease, until the moment when the straight line reaches the position perpendicular to the preceding one, that is to say, the position B10, B20 in which one of the surfaces will be a maximum and the other a minimum; the minimum surface will then begin to in crease, and the maximum surface decrease, until the straight line, having been rotated through 360, returns to its position B10, B20.

This having been stated, in order to build a pump based on the above mentioned principles", a cylinder c is built, the inner Wall of which has the shape of the circle conchoid C generated with the circumference A with the center O as a base, and closed at its two ends by a at cover. In the said cylinder is provided an inlet port E and an exhaust port F, in such a manner that (when the 'straight line B1, B2 occupies the position B10 B20 in which it divides the surface inthe interior of the conchoid into two portions, one a maximum, and the other a minimum) these ports operi` into the portion of the minimum section, and each close to one of the ends of the straight line B10, B20.

In the interior of the cylinder is provided a blade b of a length equal to that of the straight line B1, B2, the width of the said blade being made equal to the length of the generatrices ofthe cylinder; the said blade is given in cross section such a spindle shape that, when the central axis of theV blade occupies the position B10, B20, the outer surface of the blade should be tangent to the wall of the cylinder in the center D1 ofthe portion of the conchoid, `comprised between the oints B10, B20, at the same side as the ports F, so that any communication between the said two ports should be closed.

And afterward, for insurin movements of the blade, is used one of t e means a1' ready indicated.

For instance, if it is desired to utilize the first of the said means, a driving shaft g Yis arranged, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3,in such a manner that its axis passes through thev 'center O of the circle A and is parallel to the axis of the cylinder. The said shaft is supported in one of the covers of the c linder c and extended in the interior o the said cylinder by an eccentric crank pin 0, the distance of the axis of which from the axis of the shaft g is equal to the radius of the circle A. On the said crank pin is mounted loose a sleeve h forming one piece witha central side h connecting together the two walls of the hollow blade by' which arrangement forces the center of the blade to describe the circumference A. A toothed pinion a is mounted in the casing adjacent the sleeve it and with the said toothed pinion is caused to mesh a ring d with inner teeth, with a pitch circle of a diameter twice the circumference A, and the said ring is secured to the hub it', which arrangement corresponds to the rolling of the circumference D onthe circumference A.

Owing-to this drive, when the shaft g is rotating, the blade b will move in the interior of the cylinder c and draw the fluid through the port E, and discharge it through the port F.

Regulation of the original position of the blade is insured by slightly rotating the pinion a about its axis.

If afterward it is desired to utilize the second of the said means, the proceeding -will be identical, with the difference that, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the pinion a is replaced by two spindles a0 a1 arranged symmetrically of the axis of the shaft g and at a' distance from the said axis, equal to the radius of the circumference A,.and the ring al is replaced by a disk in which are provided two grooves normal to each other, the axes of which coincide with the axes of the blade, the two` spindles a0 a1 being introduced into the said grooves.

And either the proceeding is as described, or, and still better, the whole, or part, of the following ar\rangements are utilized:

At the ends of the blade b which come into contact with the inner wall of the cylinder, are mounted two tips i which, at one side, are semi-cylindrical, and at the other fit the shape of the wall of the cylinder. These tips engage with alrecess provided for .the purpose at the end of the blade b; their width is equal to that of the blade, and they are pressed against the wall of the cylinder by means of two small springs 0. Their only object is to insure a tight joint. The center of rotation of .the said tips is situated close to the end of the axis of the blade, so that they have merelyto pivot about their center of rotation during the movement of the blade, without undergoing any movement in the direction of the axis ofthe blade.

A tight joint in the other moving parts of the machineis obtained by means of grooves; besides, any fluid that may get into the" interior of the blade, is discharged through a pipe .7','so that the pressure in the Lubrication is insured by a lubricator k which discharges into a groove 7c in communicat/ion with the interior of the .crank lo/smallgrooves, the various moving parts.

The balancing of the moving masses is insured by mounting onthe driving shaft g a pulley g and'providing the pulley in question with two masses Z', Z2, arranged in such a manner that the couple of forces and the resulting strain which they produce, should be equal and opposite to the couple and to f the resulting force produced by centrifugal force acting on the eccentric blade arranged' at the end of the shaft g.

In order to insure equilibrium, it is neceslsary as shown in Fig.` 6: on theone hand,

. that the algebraic sum ofthe moments of the masses Z Z2 relatively to the axis of the shaft g, should be equal to the amount, relatively to the'same axis, of the mass of the and on the, other hand, that the moment of the massZ relatively to the plane perpendicular to theaxis g and passing throu h the. center of gravity of the mass Z2, shou d be equal to the moment relatively to the same plane of the mass of the blade Zrfszbrs.

It goes without saying that the invention is by no means limited to thoseof the methods of carrying it out, or of applying it, which have been more particularly 4described, but comprises on the contrary any modifications. v

What I claim as m invention and-desire to secure by Letters atent is 1. A rotary machine of the character described comprising a cylinder having a base in the form of v.a conchoidof a circle, a piston of length equal to the hei ht of said conchoid, sai piston being rotatably mounted in its center upon a spindle mounted eccentricallyon the shaft of the machine, one

with two grooves normal with respect to each other, in which are mounted Vtwo fixed fingers or spindles, one of which has its axis in line with the axis ofthe crank shaft and .the other is in the central plane of the conchoid, the distance between said spindles being equal to the eccentricity of the axis on which the blade is mounted. f.

2. A rotary machine of the character de- -of the sides of said piston being provided scribed comprising a cylinder having abase in the form of a conchoid of a circle, a piston of length equal to the hei ht of said cnchoid, means for moving said piston in such manner that its ends shall always be in contact with the inner wall of said cylinder, the` center ofl said piston describing a cia*- cumference and being at thesame time onya perpendicular to the' blade passing through a fixed point of said circumference, a drive shea for Saidipiston, a pun-ey onl said amie shaft and compensatin means carried by and mounted on said p ley: for maintaining the efuilibrium of said pistn and shaft.

3. rotary machine of the character described comprising a cylinder having a base -in the form of a conchoid of a circle, a piston of length equal to the height of said conchoid, means for moving sai piston in such manner that its ends shall always be in contact with the inner wall of said cylinder, the

, my hand.

BENJAMIN nEN PLANCHE.

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