US1616667A - Auxiliary exhaust valve for uniflow steam engines - Google Patents

Description

F 1927. 1,616,667' ,eb 8" F. F. PELTZER n AUXILIARY EXHAUST VALVE FOR UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINES Filed Jv-ne s, 1924 2 sheets-Sheen Fig.1

' 1,616,667 Feb 8 1927 IF. F. PELTZER4 AUXILIARY EXHAUST VALVE FOR UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINES Filed June 9, 1924 2 Sheets-51166152 J5 l /5 Patented Feb.Y Y8,1921, 1 Y

'FRANZ nnitnmann Pnt'rznn,J

Y y AUXILIARY ExAUsrjvALvn nos4 uNrnL-'owfs'rnarr JENGINEsj-f Application mea :une 9, 1924, serial No. 718,956, ma mser'rnan'yiune 14, igea' It isflnown in unifloW-steamlengines, for thef purpose of yobviatlng or t reducing the compression, torprovide an `auxiliary exhaust port` Which'is vcontrolled lby, fthe= pressure in the Workingjcylinder. YLlior this purpose the auxiliary `exhaust'valveis generally con-V -nected to a piston moving 1n a cylinder in' connectiony with the ,interior lof the ,vvorl ing cylinder. lf This auxiliary;v exhaustvalve y is under the action 'of aspring suchthat the-valve opens as soonas the'. pressurein thefworling cylinder falls below a'predetermined value, andv closes on4 the return of the 4Working piston, after vthe piston' has passed the auxiliary exhaust port, under the pressure of. the initial compression. d

Y ordinary Working conditions, butfailsvvith engines, such as locomotives,vvhichiare frey quentlystarted and stopped,v Withtheseenl gines it may 'happen that, atfthe moment when the steamrenters the Worhingfcylinder,

j the auxiliaryVVV exhaust valve isstill o en, so

. that-all the Working,steamv escapest rough the valve andtheengine consequently cannotstart. i. Y v .il

The invention obviate'szthis'drawback by the arrangementby which the piston' of the auxiliary exhaust valve is exposedto. the

pressure of the Working fluid by an ainiliaryV inlet valve. which opens somewhat earlier.

j than the main inlet valve, so that the auxil-l @pression pressureof theworking cylinder, yat

' least'in the normalvvorliing, must lbe utilized m orderltoclosejthe auxiliary exhaust valve, is accordingto the invention, betweenv there 1l `the space invwhichr. the pistonof=theauxil` iary exhaust-valvemovesland lthe Work-,jAA

ing'.gcylinrderc,vr arest'ricted passage orf a throt-tling; device `which, ywhen the auxiliary" inlet'rali'fe is open, 'establishes the required 4difference of pressure? relative. to',tl1atin th'e '1workingcylmder.-

Threedierent examples of 'constructions' f'raccordingsto the inventionVK are shown lin Figs. 1 to 3, Lland ofthe accompanying drawings, each of which is ya sectional view,

the Workingv "parts being 2 shown indifferent positions.'` Y t' ,y y c Referring to-Figs. 1 to 3,1- 1s thevvorking aliada 2 .the sorties 1 rises?? sie man .Y TheY main inletof This knowndevice `is satisfactory underA L'The mainand auxiliary nlet vmeans of a pin r'21,-

; the auxiliary lexhaust valve 6 E21);A

i the rnormal vWorkingthe auxiliary -inlet' valve "15 is Vmore or'lessi-inoperativeland the auxil- I v,

iaryv ,exhaust-valve" 6 fisjzclosed ginknown f exhaust porty ofthe Working 4 an auxiliary exhaust, p ,ort lcommun'ica-tingV Witha ,valve kchamber 5, 1n Which the'faux1lia'ry exhaust valve `fis'arranged. The valve v Y' The liftiof the" auxiliary exhaust valve-f is f limited byvan upper bushtwhich' connects with: they main, inlet, chanjneljQ. .Y `The space 210 between' the` exhaustl valve andthe bush 8 isrconnectedWith thechannel 9 by a small v.

restricted passage 11,

the `channelQ is controlledyby the' mainainlet'V valve 12 which `is under the actionofthe vspring 1S and establishes-a direct V communi-V cation between the I*Working Huid inlet 414;

and lthe channel. 9.-y

' 'With-this main inlet Vvalvefis connected-an auxiliaryfinlet ,valve 15 which isloaded ybyf f 'Y i a spring` 16 and, `Whenopen,V allows the Work-f `ingvfluid toy enterfthrough thejhollow 'shaft l 17 of the maininletvalve 12 intol an annular-vf l chamber'lS, whence itoxvs'fthrough an in# l termediatepassa e19 into the chamberl() of theV auxiliary ex aust!valve,5.r

operated by-means of a rodl 20 wvhiclnlbyV inlet valve- 15. and thenjby its annular vend valves fare ASD.

firstopens the auxiliary v A 85;` surface 22- opens the main inlet v,valvel/lZ-` v f On starting the engine, the auxiliary inlet I. y

valve 15' yis first opened by means; Yof* the rod p20; the lWorking luifd 'c the'nnflov'vs from the inletl 14 through the hollow shaft 517 the chamberr18and the intermediate .passage .so l 'l V119 into the chamber :10V.over-thevauxiliary 1 exhaust valveG and-closes `vthelvalve byV press-1 ing it down onits seat 23 against ythe action y V'.lhe main inletl valve 12 then' immediatelyopens, so that the vvtnrkingfluidv canl under no, circumstances yescapl-z through 1 'line openings 2l which' connect the channel t?y with the hollow shaft ,1713211191 @thema ico los Y freed thev exhaust port 3, the pressure through the'auxiliary inlet valve 15 and the hand accelerate the equilibrium of pressure between the auxiliary inlet` space and the working cylinder, and on Vthe other hand provide an initial iiow of theworking fluid into the working cylinder.

In Fig 3 there is shown the position ofthe parts, when both .inlet valves are ,.olosed. The exhaust ports 3 are opened by the piston, in thecy'linder and' the spa-ce 10 is under atmospheric pressure, so that the spring 7 opens the auxiliary exhaust valve 6. 'In some circumstances it is preferable to provide'the auxiliary exhaust valve with. two pistons, one of which is vessentially vinfluenced by the pressure in the working cylinder`,while the other is entirely controlled by the` pressure of the working fluid.`V lt is posible in this lwayto Vobtain the mo t favourable construction for both means of operating the Yauxiliary exhaust valve.

` This construction is shown in Fig. ,4. l The position of the parts in thisfigure corresponds 4to/that shown in Fig. 2. The auxili'aryexhaust valve 25 is provided with-twopistons 26' and 27 of which the upper ter-- minat'esin the main inlet channel 9 andan annular space 28 surrounds the junctionot the two pistons, the

piston 26 being otlarger cross section than the piston 27, ln this arrangement as in the preceding, the main inlet valve 12 isoperat'ed togetherwitli the auxiliary inlet valve 15, by a.rod Q0. The

p passage 19 communicates withthe channel 9 through Ia restrictedpassage29. `.The action is thesaine as in the construction shown in Fig. 1.r During lthe expansion stroke of the engine the working pressure acts on'tlie piston 27 and' holds the valveV 25 closed. After the piston-'2 at Vthe end of its stroke khas is released frein the working cylinder 1 and also from the piston 27, and the valve 25 opens under the action oit its spring 7j In the normal operation ofthe engine, on there- -turn strolreoit the pistonf 'the compression pressure acts onthe cross section of the piston 27 and in known manner closes the Valve 'The 'in'iowing working"fluidr entering passage 19 over the piston 4.26 plays no. part in the'normal operation of the engine, since inthis case thefvalvfe Q5 is closed wlienthe auxiliary 'inlet opens.

r 29 'and lt "the engine, Vlf'mwevei',`,1s to besta-rted iti-'oni a position in whichrthe piston 2 has not yet covered theA i auxiliary exhaust port-4, as soon as the inlet port is opened,th'exworking fluid, in consequence of the Vprevious opening'of the auxiliary inlet 15,- e-nters intoV the annular space 28' and closes the'valve 25 before the working Huid is admitted through the main Vin-` let valve ,'12 to. thel cylinder 1. Consequently, thew'oiking fluid cannot escape through the auxiliary exhaust valve.

serve, in this construction, as in The I passagesV the example shown in Fig. 1, for equalizing the pressure in the cylinder 1 and the space .In the example shown in F ig. the pistons of the` auxiliary exhaust-valve are separate. The piston 32 isconnected with the operated by a' rod .20,.by which', through` the hollow` shaftf17, ythe inlet 14 andthepas- Y sage 19 isconnectedwiththe auxiliaryf'ex-- haust valve., Since in' this case the pistons 32 and 33'have the saine diameter,1 this construction is s-implerand cheaper to manu-v v lf iacture. f

An opening- Begin thegpiston 38' connects `the interior-ot', the pistons 32 and with the passage 19. Y Y p l The acti'onfof ythis Aconstructionv isv the same as that shown inA ig. t, with this 'ditference only, that, if on starting-the engine the auxiliary inlet valve lbpensfand the Vworking liu-identers betweenth'e pistons 32 and 33,' only the lower piston i'spressed downwards, while the upper piston k33 remains inits upper dead position or is'iiorcedv upwards into'this position. j

In the normal working, thelpistons 32 and 33 are not separatechsince on the compression'strolie they areA moved*=` together down'- wards by the compression',pressure acting on the upper piston and' later,` after lthe pressure has been equalized,v they are moved together upwards vby va spring 7.

The inventionv is not`"lini'ited tothe described and represented examples, butfcan be carriedout different ways.

' I claim: Y

1. An engine comprising a working cyl- Y inder, a piston reciprocating therein, main and ,auxiliary exhaust ports uncovered yby said piston, an inletport into said cylinder,`

a chamber, and ya-passage connecting said chambery with said auxiliary exhanstport,

avalve in .said chamber', main and auxiliaryiiilet valves, means ior opening said 'auxilf iary inlet 'valve before saidV main inlet valve,

a restricted passagel connectingsaid inlet port with onejside of said auxiliary/exhaust@ valve, and a passage:connecting `-the said ,side of the auxiliaryexhaust valve with the supplyr ot' working iiuid when said` auxiliary inlet port is opened. y I Y 2. An engine comprising a .working cylinder, a piston reciprocating thereinjmain and auxiliary exhaust ports uncovered by saidV piston.

VaV chamber andy a passage connecting saidV chamber with said auxiliary exhaust vporta valve in said chamber, aspring pressing y on said valve and adapted to open it, main and auxiliary inlet valves, .means torl openlnf Self-l m1211112@ :inlet Valve before said all inlet port into saidcylinder,

main inlet valve, a restricted passage connecting said inlet port With `one side of said auxiliary exhaust Valve, anda passage connecting the-said side of the auxiliary exhaust valve with the supply of Working fluid When said auxiliary inlet portvis opened.

3. An'en'gin'e coinprisinga Working cylA e inder, a piston reciprocating therein, main n io and auxiliary exhaust ports uncoveredfby said piston, an'iiilet port'nto said cylindeigl a chamber and Va p'assage'connecting said chamber with ,said auxiliaryv exhaustport,V

a U-sliaped spring/operated yalye in said chamber, a bush inserted in said Chamber, a g shoulder. on said bush limitingl the Vstroke of'said auxiliary exhaust valve,main andy auxiliary Vinlet Valyes, nieansgifor` opening said auxiliary inlety Valve before said main inlet valve, a. restricted passage connecting" said inlet port Withoneside of said auxil:

iary exhaust valve, and a passageconnecting f thesaid side of the ai'ixiliaryexhaust'valvev if with' the supp-ly of Workinguid when said auxiliary inlet port is opened. f l

a chamber and a passage connecting "said v, 4v. An engine comprising a Working' cylinder, a'piston" reciprocating.therein, main and auxiliary lexhaust ports un'coyered by said piston, aniiilet portintosaidcylinder,

chamber kwith said auxiliary exhaust port,

a 'UV-shaped, spring operated y.valve in said chamber, abushfopen'l at Vone endi'to said Y, inlet 'port and closed at the Yotherend `inserted in said chamberga shoulder on said bush limiting the strole'of said auxiliary exhaust vYalve, afrestri'ctedy passagelin'the closed end' of said bush, main and auxiliary inlet valvesand means I for opening said auxiliary inlet valve beforesaid `main inlet valve, and a `passage lconnecting thesaidy side of the auxiliary-exhaust yaliie' With the supply 'of Workingfiuidwhen said aux* 1 iliary inlety p'orti'is'opened.V Y i 5. An engine-comprisingva working cyl-y inder, a pistonreciprocating therein, main i and auxiliary exhaust, ports uncovered by said piston, an inletiport into said cylinder, a

chamber and a passage connecting said chamber :with said auxiliary exhaust port,

a spring Voperated valveAin'saidchan'iber,

main and auxiliary inlet valves, Vmeans-tor opening said' auxiliaryfinlet Valve before vsaidmain inlet valve, lsaidlineaiis compris ing a tube V integral Withsaid main inlet valve, a valve 'seat forv'said` auxiliaryl inlet Valve in said main inlet valve, a stem attached to said auxiliary inlet Valve disposedv WithinV said tube and mea-ns for first lifting' said valve stem andthensaid tube.

6, VAn engine comp-rising agiworking cyl@` inder, piston l'reciprocatingtherein, mainand auxiliary .exhaustports .uncovered by said piston,,anfinletfport into lsaid cylinder, a chamber and a 'passage Vconnefctingv said.,`

chamber `with said auxiliary exhaust port,rv

arspring operated Valvev iny said 'l chamber,

in ain and auxiliaryl inlet valves, means for opening .said auxiliary'inlet Valy'e before" said main inletw valve, saidine'ans comprising' a tube integral With said mainfinlct valve, jayalye" `seat for said auxiliary inlet `Valve inrsaid'- mainjinlet valve, a. stein at` Within *saidrv tube, a rod',A a pinl onf said`rod engaging with saidvalvejstein anda flat 7; An' engine c and auxiliary-exhaustports uncovered byv said piston, an' 'inlet port-into, said cylinder, a chamber andl a passagercon'necting said .chamber With Vsaid auxiliary exhaust'eport, yaspring operated ifalvefinl said chamber,y flmain yand auxiliary inlet valves, meansy for` -itachedV to said auxiliary inlet yValve disposed' i yopening said auxiliary Linlet 'Valvebfeforef said main inlet Valve, said means compris-'g ing a tube `integral VWith'said main inlet valve, a` Valve seat vfor said auxiliary inlet Valvel in said main inlet-,valveyfine openings .in said main inlet valve. connecting said inlet port VWith the interior of said tube, a stem attached tov said auxiliary inletyalve' disposed 'i .Within [said tube and) Vmeans for first lifting said Valve stein and then said A'tube-f."- f V In testimony whereof Iaifixmysignature.

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