US1793633A

US1793633A - Loading and unloading means for fluid compressors

Info

Publication number: US1793633A
Application number: US336251A
Authority: US
Inventors: Eunice D Parke
Original assignee: Westinghouse Air Brake Co
Current assignee: Westinghouse Air Brake Co
Priority date: 1928-01-01
Filing date: 1929-01-30
Publication date: 1931-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 1948-02-24

Description

Feb. A F. H. PARKE I LOADING AND UNLOADING MEANS FR FLUID CMPRESSORS original Filed Jan. '1, 192s Q INVENTOR w FFu-:DERK: H.PARKE (OECD) EUNICE D. PARKS, EXECUTRIX ESVBY ATTO NEY FREDERIC H. PARKE, DECEVASED,

Patented Feb. 24, 1931 UNiTED STATES!V PATENT o1-rica LATE oF micfnwoon,l PENNSYLVANIA, BY `EUNIon D. PARKE, EXECUTRIX, '0F'EDGEWO0D,. PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THEl WEST- INGHoUsE A113. BRAKE COMPANY, or TIoN or PENNSYLVANIA WILMERDING, rENNsYLvANrA, A CORPORA- LoADING AND UNLQADING MEANs non FLUID coi/rranssoas Original yapplication led. January 1, 1928, Serial N o.

this application filed January This invent-ion ,relates to fluid pressure rake equipment and more particularly tothe means for compressing -fiuid for use in said equipment. j Y The principal object oi' the invention is to provide nevel means for automatically loading and unloading the high and low pressure cylinders of a fluid compressor according to the pressure ofthe fluid compressed by the compressor.V v c. Y, l

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following more detailed.description of the invention. r

The present application is a division of ari-application for Letters Patent filed by c FredericfH;Parke,(now deceased) on January14, 1928, and serially numbered 246,875 for. improvements in pressuregovernors. Y In the accompanying drawing, the single figure is a diagrammatic view-principally in section, of fluidcompressing apparatus embodying the inventio Y y In the accompanying drawing, the reference character 1 indicates an internal combusf tion or oil enginewhich may be mounted on a vehicle in any desired manner and drives an electric generator 2 for supplying current tothe vehicle propelling motor 3 and also drives a two stage fluid compressor having a high pressure cylinder 4 and a low pressure cylinder, the compressorpiston, (notsliown) in the high pressure cylinder 4 being adaptcd to operate to supply fluid under pressure to a high pressure Areservoir or bottle 6 through a pipe'?, acheck valve device 8 being interposed in the pipe 7 to Aprevent the back How of fluid from the reservoir or bottle 6, and the compressor piston (not shown) in the low pressure cylinder 5 being adapted to operate to supply fluid under pressure, to a storage or main reservoir 9 through( a pipe 10, there being a check valve device 11 interposed in this pipe to prevent the back iiow of fluid from the reservoir9.

In the drawing there is illustrated a piston device 12 adapted to operate the usual throttle valve device, with which the engine 1 may be equipped, through the medium'of a throttle rod 13 to accelerate or decelerate the engine to or from its idling speed according to the 24638175, and in Canada June' 5,1928. Divided and 30,1929; serial No., 236,251. Y

pressure carried in the main reservoir 9.' VConnectedpto the throttle rod 13 is aA lever 1li adapted to be roperated manually to control the speed of the engine 1. llorthe controllingthe operation of the piston device 12, an electro-magnet valve-device 15 is provided which is connected to the piston device 12 through'a pipe 16, and is also connected to the main reservoir 9through pipes 17 and 18. The energization and deenergizationof the magnet of the electro-magnet'valve device is controlled through anelectriccircuit,the opening and closing of whichis controlled by afswitch` device 19 operativ'ein accordance with the pressure of liuid from the main reservoir 9 assupplied ythrough pipe' 18 and purpose Vofl through a low pressure governorL devicef20,

said switch devicealso ing and closing of the cuit.

The details of all of the devices and electric circuits referred` to in the preceding paragraph, aswell as their` :functions and operation have been fully described in the aforementioned applicaticn for United States Letters Patent so that a V tionthereof is deemed unnecessary.

A high pressure governor device 21 is also provided comprising a casing containing a cut-out piston 22 subject tothe pressure of a coil spring 23 and carryinga valve 24, Vand also comprises a cut-in thepressure of a coil spring 26 and carrying avalve 27. y f

Associated with the high pressure governor device 21, is a valve 'device 28, which may comprise a casing havinga piston chamber 29 connected to a passage 30. in the governor device 21 by a pipe 31 and containing a piston 32 having a stem 33,`carryi`ng a -valve34f which is contained in a chamber 375, connected controlling the opencar motor control cirmore detailed descrippiston 25 subject to y to the low pressure` compressor cylinder 5,

.5 ofthe compressor to the atmosphere. The

chamber 45st one side of a' piston 46`contained in the casing of a piston valvedevice 47 i Conta-ined inthe chamber- 45isavalve device 58-is provided 'i nects the chambers 43, 57 and 4S which is carried by the piston46., The the` small seated area'oiythis pipe 17; leads to valve 48. Also contained in the chamber 45 and interposedvbetvveen the casing and the piston 48 is agcoilgspring- 49Q The chamber 50 at the other side of the piston 46 is conneeted;V to. the. `highfpressure. reservoir3 6 through pipe 7 leachingrointh'e.highl presV l sure cylinder 4 of the compressor.

For controlling the dow of'luid under pressure from the loW pressure cylinder 5 to'- the high pressure cylinder4 ofithe compressor, a valve. device 51:'is, provided which may compri'sea casing having a valve chamber. 52 connected by the p ipelO, tothe lovv'pressure cylinder 5 in advance ofthe checkV valve' 11 and containingavalve 58 'operative by-a piston 54 forl controlling communication from the valve, chamber 52-and a chamber -55 con nected to the,` high pressure cylinder 4'by a pipe A56. The pipe-44leads tothe chamber at the upper side ofthe'piston 54'.

For the purpose of-controlling-the unload'- ingV ofthe, high pressure cylinder, 4a valve which may comprise a casing having.v a passage 59, through which fluid under pressure fromv the high pressure cylinder 4 may flow to atmosphere, co1nrnu ni'- cation through said passage being controlled by a valve 6 0 .secured tol and operativeby a piston 61'. rlhe pipe 44lleads toa chamber 62 at'the upper side of thepistfon 61:v

It Will-here be noted thatthe pipe 44 con- 62 fof the valve devices 39, 51 and'58respectively, with the chamber xof-'the valve-device 47,7vv-hich latter chamber is open toatmosphere through a passage 63'osmall diameter.

Assumingv the high pressure reservoir 6 to be fully charged,- the pressure of Huid from this reservoir, presentin the chamber in the valve device 47. acting' on the upper side of the piston 46, maintains the-valve 48; seated againstzthe pressure ofthe spring 49. With the valve 48 thus seated, vthe Chambers43, 57 and 62 in the valve devices 39, 51 and 58', respectively. are connected to the atmosphere through pipe 44', valve chamber 45inthe valve device47 :and passage 63 in the casing'o-' said valve device.

Vith the chambers 43,1 57" and 62 thus connected. to .the atmosphere, the pressures of springs 641and'65, acting onvthe under sides of the pistons '.42 and 61 offthe valve devices 39"and 58 respectively, maintains therespectivevalves 4() 1and 6() unseated, and" thel pressureof'the spring V66 ofthe valve device 51 maintains'the valve, 53` seat-ed.

Assuming also that the mainreservoir 9 is l67 from said reservoir, rv-alve27 of the high pressure governor device charged With iiuid under pressure in excess of a predetermined pressure, the pressure of fluid supplied through pipe` 18; anda passage maintains the cut-in 21 unseated .and avalve 6.8 carried bythe cut.- in .pist-01125. seated. With vthe cut-in valve 27 unseated, iiuid at main reservoir pressure present in valvechamber 29 offthe valvedevice 28, as supplied past the unseated cut-in valve 27,.through passage- 30 and pipe 31, acts upon vthe upper face of the piston 32 to maintain the valve 3,4, unseated.; against; the

pressureof the spring'69 contained in the valve chamber 35.

With the engine 1run-ning, the compressor is operated sothat the high pressure cylinder continuesto'supp'lyfluid through the pipe 7 andthe low pressure eylinder5 continues to supply fluid to the pipe 10. l

Since the high pressure reservoir 6 is fully charged and the valve oi' the valve device 58 is unseated, fluid'Y thus supplied to they pipe 7 will flow to the atmosphere by Way of passage 59 Vof said valvedevice, thus unloading the high pressure cylinder 4. It :will here Vbe noted that since the valve 53 Voflthe valve device 51y is seated fluid cannot iloW there-k through to the high pressurefcylinder, and for the purpose of preventing a vacuum from being created in pipe operating, a relief valve 7 0 is provided Which is connected to thepipe 56 between the high pressure cylinder4 and the valve. device 51 and which permits'fl'uid to flovv to the. pipe 56 but preventsthe flovv7 of'fluidfrom the pipe 56 ,to the atmosphere. a

Since themainfreservoir charged suiiiciently to maintain the cut-in valve 27 of the highpressure governor device 21 unseated andthe valve 34l0f thevalve device 281mseated, iluid'supplied. to the pipe 10 by the lovv pressurecylinder 5l ill flow. to the atmosphere through valve chamber 35 in the valve device 28', past the-unseatedvalve 34, through cli-amberA 36, vpipe 37and open passa ge 38finthe valve device 39,thus unloading the lciv pressure cylinder. 5.

Interposed between and cennectcdto the pipes 7 and 18 is areducing valve device 71 which is adapted to operate to supplyfluid under pressure from the high pressure reservoir 6 to the main reservoir 9 only when the main reservoir pressure reduces below the setting of the feed-valve device. Such a reductionV can o-nly be caused by the failure` of the lovv pressure cylinder to maintain' the main reservoir pressure above the setting. of the feedjvalve device, since the low pressureA governor device operates at a higher pressure than the settingy Vofthe feed valve device, to [increase the main reservoir pressure.` This increaseinmain reservoir pressure is accomplished by the acceleration of the engine 1in-the manner described. in the 10 While this cylinder is hereinbefore referred to application for patent. Y Should the pressure of fluid in the main reservoir 9 be decreased below that ofthe adjustment of thespring 26 of the high pressure governor device 21, the pressure of said spring causes the lcut-in piston to move downwardly, seating the valve 27 and unseating the valve 68. The seating ofV the valve 27 cuts 0H the supply'of fluid under pressure from the main reservo-ir 9 to the piston chamber 29 in thefvalve device 28, and the unseating of the valve l68 permits the fluid under pressure in said chamber to iow to atmosphere by way of pipe 31, passage 30 in the high pressure governor device, past the unseated valve 68,-through a chamber 72, containing the spring 26, and passage 73. Vith the piston chamber 29 thus vented, the pressure of the spring 69 of the valve device 28 causes the valve 34 to seat, thus closing communication from the valve chamber to the chamber 36 and thereby preventing further flow of Vfluid from the low pressure cylinder 5 to the atmosphere. Fluid being compressed by the low pressure cylinder is supplied to the main reservoir 9 'through pipe 10 and check valve device 1.1. 'Y

Now when the pressure of Huid inthe main reservoir 9 is increased sufliciently to overcome the pressure of the spring 26 of the high pressure governor device 21 acting on'k the cut-in valve piston 25, said pistonwill move upwardly, unseating the valve 27 and seating the valve 68. The seating of the valve 68 closes the atmospheric vent for the piston chamber in the valve device 28 and the unseating of the valve 27 permits fluid under pressure to again {iow to the piston chamber 28, which causes the piston 32 t0 move downwardly vagainst the pressure of the spring 69, unseating-the valve 34, thus again unloading the low pressurel cylinder to the atmosphere. Y l

Should the pressure of fluid in the high pressure reservoir 6 be reduced below Ia predetermined degree, iiuid at Vmain reservoir pressure flowing -through pipes -18 and 17 and acting on the seated area of the valve 48, together with the pressure ofthe spring 49, causes the piston 46 to move upwardly, unseating the valve 48. With the valve 48 unseated fluid under pressure flows .from the pipe 17 to the piston chambers 43, 57 and 62 in the

valve devices

39, 51 and 58 respectively through chamber in the valve device 47 and pipes 44, causing the respective pistons 42, 54 and 61 to move downwardly. A Y

The downward movement of the pistons 42 and 61 of the

valve devices

39 and 58 respectively, causes the valves 40 and 60 to seat, the seating of the valve 40 closing off' the flow of fluid from the low pressure cylinder to atmosphere and the seating of the valve closing ofi' the llow of iiuidvfrom the high pressure cylinder to the atmosphere. -.The downward movementof the piston 54 of the valve device 51 causes the valve- 53 to be unf seated, permitting uid supplied bythe low pressure cylinder 5 through pipe 10 to flow to the high pressure cylinder 4 through pipe 56, the check -valve device 11 preventing backV flow of fluidunder pressure from' the main reservoir.

Fluid-thus supplied to the high pressure cylinder 5 and compressedl by said cylinderk flows-through pipe 7 andA check valve device. 8 to the high pressure reservoir 6,-the check" valve device 8 preventing back flow of fluid from the reservoir.

Now when the pressure of fluid in the res-y ervoir 6v is again increased to a predetermined degree, the pressure of fluid in the Vpiston chamber 50. causes the piston 46 to move downwardly seating the valve 48, thusv cutting off the further supply of fluid under pressure from the main reservoir to thepiston chambers 43, 57 and 62 of the

valve devices

39, 51 and 58" respectively.`V Fluid under pressure from these three chambers now flows tothe atmosphere. through pipes 44, valve chamber 45 in thek valve devicev47 and passage 63, which permits'the valves 40 and 60 of the valve. devices 39 and -58jto-bevunseated and the Vvalve 53 of the valve device 51 to be seated.

v l/Vith the `valves 40 and 60 unseated the Y high and low pressure cylinders are again unloaded and-with the valve 53 of the valve device 51 seated, communication between the high'and low pressure cylinders is closed off and Huid from the atmosphere flows to the high pressure cylinder throughy the relief valve device 70. v Y

While one illustrative embodiment of the not the intention to limit its scope to that invention has'been described in deta il,vit is embodiment or otherwise than by the terms i or' the appended claims.

aving now described the' invention, Awhat is claimed as new and desiredtto be secured by Letters Patent, is z- .f

1. The combination with an engine driven fluid compressor comprising` a low pressure cylinder for supplying fluid under pressure to a low pressure reservoir of means operative upon a predetermined reduction inthe pressure of-tfluidin said reservoir for accelerat-k ing the engine to increase the supply of fluid under pressure from said low pressure cylinder and operative when thepressure of iiuid in said reservoir has been increased to a pre-v determined degree for decelerating said engine, and means operative upon a predetermined :further increase in the pressure of 'luid in said reservoir for unloading said low pressure cylinder. v

2. The combination with an engine driven fluid compressor'comprising: a high land a low Cri orf-fluid in one reservoir pressure cylinder adaptedtosupplyfluid unn der pressure toa high anda low pressure reservoir respectively, of' means for unloading said high and plow pressureIcy-linders when both of said reservoirs are charged to a predetermined degree, and means operative upon a predetermined reduction-in the Apressure'of fluid 1n said high pressure reservoir for` causing said high and -low pressure Ycylinders to he connected together, and for causing the lirstmentioncdinea-ns to operate t'o load said cylinders. -1

3. The combination with an engine driven fluid compressor,comprising,a high and a low pressure cylinder adapted to supply fluid unmeans operative upon a predetermined-'reduc-.

tion in the pressure of" fluid in said? high pressure reservoir for operating the first mentioned means for loading saidfcylinders,

and for operating the second' mentioned means for connecting said cylinders.

4. The combination with an engine driven fluid compressorcomprising ahigh and a low pressure cylinder adapted to supply fluid 'under pressure to a high and a lowfpressure rcscrvoir respectively, ofineans for unloading said high and low pressure cylindersl when 'hoth'of said lreservoirs are charged tto a predetermined degree, means operative for controlling the connecting anddisconnectingof said high and low pressure cylinders, and means connected with both of said reservoirs and operative upon a predetermined reduction in the pressure of fluid' in said high pressure reservoir for supplyingfluidunder pressure from said low pressure cylinder to operate the first mentionedA meansvfor loading the cylinders andlto operate the second mentioned means for connecting said cylinders together.

5. The combination with two fluid coinpressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one cylinder compresses ,fluid and a reservoir into which the other cylinder compresses fluid, of an unloading device associatedwith each cylinder, and means operated upon a predetermined reduction in pressure in one reservoir for effecting the operation of'hoth unloading devices to` load-both cylinders.

6.- The combination with two fluid compressing cylinders, a reservoir into which 'one cylinder compresses fluid and a reservoir into which the'other cylinder compresses fluid, of a valve device for controlling .the supply of fluid compressed hyone cylinder to the other cylinder, and means subject tothe pressure forv controlling. the operation of saidy valve device.

-7 Theromhination with two fluid, compressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one cylinder compresses fluid and reservoir` into whichfheother cylinder compresses fluid, of a valve device for controlling the supply of fluid'compressed byeone cylinder to the other cylinder, and means operated upon a termined reduct-ion'in pressure in one reservoir for effecting the operation 'of said valve device to supply fluid compressed in one cylinderfto the other cylinder.

8. The combinationy `with two pressing cylinders, a reservoir into which' one of said cylinders compresses fluid and@ reservoir into which the other. of said cylin-V ders compresses fluid` suppliedhy the first mentioned cylinder, of means'operative according to Ythepressures of fluid in said reservoirs forloading and unloading said cylinders, 'andv means controlled according tothe pressure, offluid in the second mentionedrcservoir for controlling the supply` of fluid from the first Vmentioned cylinderto the sccond mentioned cylinder.

9. The combination withptwo fluid conipressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one of said cylinders compresses fluid and ali-eservoir into whichithe other of said cylinders compresses .fluid supplied byv the firstinentioned cylinder, of means operative according'rto thel pressures of vuidin said reservoirs for loading. and unloading said'cylinders, and means control-led by the operation of the. first mentioned means 'for controllingwthe flow of fiuid'from one cylinder to the other.

10. The combination Vwith two vfiuidconn pressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one of the cylinders compresses fluid anda-reservoirinto which the othercylinder compresses fluid supplied by thefirst mentioned cylinder, of a valve device for unloading and loading the secondzmentio'ned cylinder, and twovalve devices-eitherlone of which is adapted to be operated to control the loading and unloading of the first mentioned cylinder, one of the Atwo valves lbeing operative. in accordance with thel pressure of' fluid in the firstl mentioned reservoir and tl'iefother being.;operative in accordance with thezpressure of fluidin the second mentioned reservoir.

11. The combination with two flu-idrompressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one of the cylinders compresses fluid'and aA reservoir into which the other cylinder compresses fluid supplied by the iirstmentioned cylinder, of a valve device operativeaccording to the mentioned cylinder, one of the last mentioned reservoir for loading and unloading the second mentioned cylinder, and two valve dcvices operative to load and unload the first mentioned cylinder, one of the last mentioned valve devices bei i-g operativeaccordingI to the pressure of fluid infone of' said' reservoirs and the other `being operative accordingtonthe flui d come aio prede- Y, reservoir for loading and unloading the second mentioned cylinder, two valve devices operative to load and unload the first mentioned cylinder, one of the last mentioned valve devices being operativev according to the pressure of fluid in one of said reservoirs and the other being operative'according to the pressure of fluid in the other of said reservoirs, and means controlled according to the pressure of fluid in the second mentioned reservoir for controlling the flow of fluid from e the rst mentioned cylinder to the second mentioned cylinder.

13. The combination with twor fluid compressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one of the cylinders compresses fluid and a reservoir into which the other cylinder compresses fluid supplied by the first mentioned cylinder, of' a valve device operative to load and unload the second mentioned cylinder, two valve devices operative to load and unload the first mentioned cylinder, one of the two valve dcvices being' operative according to the pressure of fluid in the first mentioned reservoir, a valve device'operative to control the supply oi' fluid from the first mentioned cylinderto the second mentioned cylinder, and a valve device operative according' to the pressure of fluid in the second mentioned reservoir `for controlling the Ylirst mentioned valve device, the other or" the two valve devices and the valve device for controlling the supply of fluid from one cylinder to the other.

14. The combination with a low pressure fluid compressing cylinder and a high pressure fluid compressing cylinder, a main reservoir into which the low pressure cylinder compresses fluid, a high pressure reservoir into which the high pressure cylinder compresses fluid supplied by the low pressure cylinder, of a valve device operative to load and unload the high pressure cylinder, a valve device operative according to the pressure of fluid in the main reservoir for loading and unloading the low pressure cylinder, another valve device for controlling the loading and unloading of the low pressure cylinder, and means operative according to the pressure of fluid in the high pressure cylinder for.

controlling the operation of the first and last mentioned valve devices.

l5. The Vcombination with a lo-w pressure fluid compressing cylinder and a high pressure fluid compressing cylinder, a main reservoir into which the low pressure cylinder compresses fluid, a high pressureereservoir into which the high pressure cylinder compresses fluid supplied by the low pressure cylinder, of a valve device operative to load and unload the high pressure cylinder, a valve device operative to load and unload the low pressure cylinder, a governor'device operative according to the pressure of fluid in the main reservoir for controlling the operation of the last mentioned valve device, another valve device operative to load and unload the low pressure cylinder, a valve device operative to control the supply of fluid from the low pressure cylinder to the high pressure cylinder,

and means operative according to the pressure of fluid in the high pressure reservoir for controlling the operation of all of said valve devices with the exception of the second mentioned valve device. v

16. The combination with two fluid compressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one cylinder compresses fluid and a reservoir into which the other cylinder compresses fluid, of

two valves operative upon a predetermined increase in the'pressures of fluid in both of said reservoirs for establishing communication through which one of said cylinders is unloaded.

17. The combination with two fluid compressing cylinders, a reservoir into which one cylinder compresses fluid and a reservoir into which the other cylinder compresses fluid, of twoA valves operative according to the pressures of'lluid in said reservoirs for loading and unloading one of said cylinders.

18. The combination with a fluid compressor comprising a high pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure reservoir into which the high pressure cylin. der compresses fluid and a low pressure reservoir into which the low pressure cylinder compresses iiuid, of two valves operative to control the loading and unloading of the lo-w pressure cylinder, one yof said valves being subject to the'pressure of fluid from the low pressure reservoir, a valve operative to control the loading and unloading of the high pressure cylinder, a valvev operative to control the flow of fluid from the low pressure cylinder to the high pressure cylinder, and Y means subject to the pressure of fluid from the high pressurey reservo-ir for controlling the operation of all of said valves with the exception of the valve which is subject to the pressure offluid from the low pressure reservoir.V v

vIn testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. Y

EUNICE D. PARKE, Emeeum'zv of the last 'will and testament of Frederic H. Parke, Deceased.