US1614411A - Heat-insulation lining for cold-storage chambers - Google Patents

Heat-insulation lining for cold-storage chambers Download PDF

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US1614411A
US1614411A US744369A US74436924A US1614411A US 1614411 A US1614411 A US 1614411A US 744369 A US744369 A US 744369A US 74436924 A US74436924 A US 74436924A US 1614411 A US1614411 A US 1614411A
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grounds
panels
lining
storage chambers
heat
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US744369A
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Thomson Edward Allan
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only

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  • This invention relates to heat insulation linings for cold storage chambers or holds used for the storage of refrigerator produce, of the kind wherein lining panels are arranged between bearers, grounds, studs or elements of the chamber.
  • the wood grounds or studs which are sometimes secured to the iron frame members of a ship and to which the boards or panels next the interior space of the chamber are secured, are entirely enclosed by such boards or panels, the boards usually being in the form of continuous match-boarding, each board extending over three or more of the wood grounds.
  • panels of cork or like material they have been arranged in such manner as to entirely enclose the supporting wood grounds.
  • Such arrangements are open to the disadvantage that the wood grounds are liable to rot when so enclosed and, more over, is has been found diiicult to obtain access to the spaces between the grounds by reason of the manner in which the boards or panels have been secured to the wood grounds.
  • the wood grounds or bearers which on board shipv are generally secured to the ironframe members of the ship, are arranged to project freely beyond the surface of the lining next the interior of the chamber into the interior space of such chamber, and the lining panels are individually attached to and can be individually removed from between the grounds or bearers by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular totheir own planes.
  • the borders of the panels remote from the interior of the chamber may rest on one side in a groove in the corresponding ground and on the other side on a shoulder or projection on the side of the corresponding ground.
  • the wood grounds can be very conveniently employed as pipe brackets, to support the refrigerating pipes, or to support distance battens or airspace battens for preventing the heat or other perishable articles in the chamber from approaching too near the lining of the chamber. Further, by removing the individual panels, access may be readily had to any Apart of the space between the .inner surfaces of the panels and the outer wall or the skin platlng of the vessel, in which space granular heat insulating material is placed.
  • any particular panel can be readily removed as required, the use of nails being much reduced, and panel linmgs which have been dismantled for any reason may be used again when reinstating the insulation.
  • Figure 3 is a vertical section illustrating two modied forms of my improved insulation lining.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are two vertical sections taken at right angles to each other showing the application of my improved heat insu lation to the underside of a ships deck.
  • Figures 6 and 7 are horizontal sections showlng further constructional forms of my improved insulation applied to the frames of a s 1p.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are respectively a horizontal and a vertical section illustrating a modification.
  • Figures 10 and 11 are respectively a transverse section and an end elevation showing another detail of construction.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a form of my improved heat insulating linin in which certain of the wood grounds 2 orm distance battens and others 2 are extended at 2, where they are provided with notches (Figure 2) to receive the refrigerating pipes G, 6 which are secured in their respective notches by means of retaining straps 7, or light pressed steel forgings.
  • the granular or fibrous insulating medium 4 is retained in position by means of panels made either as shown in the middle of Figure 1 in the form of slabs 3 having double curves to fit the iianges of the ships frames and provided with an external correspondingly shaped covering 5 of cement or as shown on the right and left/hand sides of Figure 1 in the form of fiat panels 3', 3 of wood, reinforced concrete or other suitable material.
  • the said panels 3, 5 and 3 extend at one end into lateral recesses 8, 8 in the grounds and rest at their other en'ds on shoulders 8, 8 in rebates in said grounds and are secured in position by means of capping pieces or inserted strips 9, 9.
  • capping pieces may be secured by screws or nails or bolts to the grounds or studs and may be of sufficient len h to secure one, two or more panels as desired.
  • the panels may be formed ot' a vertical" series of plates having male and female edges as indicated at 3* in Figure 2; or the edges may be stepped, as at 3** in Figure 3.
  • the projecting grounds may be utilized to support the air space battens required to prevent the refrigerated produce from being stowed or packed in too close contact with the insulation.
  • These wood grounds oi studs 2, 2' ( Figures 1 and 2) being partially or wholly exposed to the atmosphere of the chamber or hold, are less liable to decay than when wholly enclosed inside airtight walls, and may be kept under observation.
  • Figure 3 shows a construction where the curved panels 3 are fitted where there are no pipes.
  • air space battens 10, 10 are supported in cleats 1l, 11 attached to the combined wood grounds and distance battens 2.
  • the bolts for supporting the meat rails and brine pipes are preferably arranged to pass through the centre of the wood grounds.
  • FIG. l4 and 5 A construction of this kind is shown in Figures l4 and 5 where pipes forming meat rails 12, l2 are supported alongside the refrigerating pipes 6. 6 above channel Airon supports 13, 13 which are connected by hanger bolts 14,14 to angle irons 15 arranged above the grounds 2', 2 and out of contact vit the bulb iron beams 1" supporting the for the Stoppers in stone or earthenware l bottles, to ascertain the condition of the insulating media behind at any time.
  • An arrangement ofthis kind is shown in Figures ⁇ 10 and 11. wherein a flanged screwthreaded plug 40 is fitted into a flanged body or socket 4l secured, e. g.
  • the plug and body may be made of ebonite, wood fibre, hard wood or other suitable material.
  • the body 41 is preferably tapered externally as shown to allow hot bitumen or cement to be run in between its outer surface and the Wall of the hole in the panel, when the plug is slightly withdrawn, whereupon the body is lpressed into its place while the bitumen is soft.
  • the tapered body may m'oreover be provided With an external screw thread of opposite hand to that of the plug, so as to assist in preventing the body from turning in the hole in the panel when the plug is being tightened or withdrawn.
  • the wood grounds 27, 27 are made of a thickness substantially equal only to the distance between the edges ofthe panels, the borders of the panels 3 remote from the interior of the chamber resting on one side of the bulbs of the bulb iron frames 1. 1, and on the other'side on chocks, such as 28, or angle irons 29, or on the outer flanges of Z-section irons 30 which serve also as a support for the grounds.
  • chocks such as 28, or angle irons 29, or on the outer flanges of Z-section irons 30 which serve also as a support for the grounds.
  • FIG. 7 an arrangement is shown where a ground 31 is supported between the frames 1, 1 on an iron bar or strap 32 secured to such frames.
  • the ground 31 is further supported by a chock 33 arranged between the strap 32 and the plating 1 of the vessel.
  • This construction may be adopted in cases where the panels are of materials of moderate strength, such as slab cork. It is also useful for supporting the grounds in the case of deep tween decks and holds, This construction moreover enables the amount of timber used for the grounds to be reduced.
  • the curved panels 3, 3" are held in position by means of horizontal air space battens 10', 10', which may be arranged in recesses 34, 34 ( Figure 9 in the projecting parts of the wood groun s 35.
  • thehcapping pieces 9, 9 may be dispensed Wit
  • the panels may be formed of any suitable material or a combination of several maand vdecay-proof.
  • Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers c'omprisino ⁇ lining panels, grounds provided laterally with surfaces for supporting said lining panels, some of such surfaces being formed in grooves in the sides of the grounds which grooves receive one end of lining panels, capping pieces for securing the other ends of said panels on the supporting surfaces which are not :formedl in grooves, and means for detachably securing the capping pieces in position on the grounds.
  • Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers comprising grounds having parts projecting freely beyondv the surface of the lining ⁇ into the interior s ace of the chamber, the projecting parts ing formed into ipe brackets, air space battens and distance j attens, pipe securing through said grounds 1n a direction. substantially perpendicular to lthe plane of the lining, lateral panel-supporting surfaces on 'taining bolts extending said grounds, lining panels arranged on said surfaces between sald grounds,and means for securing the-panels to the grounds so that such panels are individually detachable from theinterior of the chamber by' moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular to their own lanesa 5.
  • Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers comprising grounds provided lattachably securing the capping pieces to the' grounds in such manner that such cappi pieces are individually removable while the panels are in position.
  • Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers comprising lining panels, grounds provided laterally with surfaces for supportingl said lining panels, some of said surfaces being formed in grooves in the sides of the grounds, said one end of said lining pane s, capping pieces for securing the other ends of said panels on the supporting surfaces which are not formed in grooves, means for' detachably securing the capping'pieces in position on the grounds, and interengaging surfaces on the juxtaposed edges of the panels.
  • Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers comprising grounds, panel-supporting surfaces on the sides of said grounds, lining panels arranged between the grounds and resting against said supporting surfaces in such manner that the grounds project freely beyond the surface of the panels into the interior space of the chamber, ⁇ said panels having screwthreaded holes extending therethrough, means for rethe panels on the supporting-surfaces so as to be individuallyy detachable from the interior of the chamber by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular-to their own planes, and screw plugs for closing the holes in the panels.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

Jan. 1l 1927 E. A. THOMSON HEAT INSULATION LINING FOR GOLD STORAGE CHAMBERS Filed OCT.. 18, 1924 2 Sheets-S1166?, l
im? m 4Q 1 1an! e... 1 f
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Jan. 11 1921.
E. A. THOMSON HEAT INSULATION LINING FOR GOLD STORAGE CHAMBERS Filed OCt. 18, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .2 Cl- 7 L53 i 5 10 l1 Fxpg.
lllllllllllr L1: |||||||||1 Patented Jan. 11, i927.
UNITED STATES EDWARD ALLAN THOMSON, 0F LONDON, ENGLAND.
HEAT-INSULATION LINING FOR CULD-STORAGE CHAMBERS.
Application med October 18, 1924, Serial No. 744,369, and in Great Britain November 13,
This invention relates to heat insulation linings for cold storage chambers or holds used for the storage of refrigerator produce, of the kind wherein lining panels are arranged between bearers, grounds, studs or elements of the chamber.
In the heat insulation linings heretofore in use, the wood grounds or studs, which are sometimes secured to the iron frame members of a ship and to which the boards or panels next the interior space of the chamber are secured, are entirely enclosed by such boards or panels, the boards usually being in the form of continuous match-boarding, each board extending over three or more of the wood grounds. Moreover, in cases where panels of cork or like material are employed, they have been arranged in such manner as to entirely enclose the supporting wood grounds. Such arrangements are open to the disadvantage that the wood grounds are liable to rot when so enclosed and, more over, is has been found diiicult to obtain access to the spaces between the grounds by reason of the manner in which the boards or panels have been secured to the wood grounds.
According to the present invention the wood grounds or bearers, which on board shipv are generally secured to the ironframe members of the ship, are arranged to project freely beyond the surface of the lining next the interior of the chamber into the interior space of such chamber, and the lining panels are individually attached to and can be individually removed from between the grounds or bearers by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular totheir own planes. For example, the borders of the panels remote from the interior of the chamber may rest on one side in a groove in the corresponding ground and on the other side on a shoulder or projection on the side of the corresponding ground. By this means the wood grounds are always exposed over a considerable portion of their surface to the air in the chamber, so that all risk of dry rot is obviated. Moreover, the wood grounds can be very conveniently employed as pipe brackets, to support the refrigerating pipes, or to support distance battens or airspace battens for preventing the heat or other perishable articles in the chamber from approaching too near the lining of the chamber. Further, by removing the individual panels, access may be readily had to any Apart of the space between the .inner surfaces of the panels and the outer wall or the skin platlng of the vessel, in which space granular heat insulating material is placed.
By the present invention, any particular panel can be readily removed as required, the use of nails being much reduced, and panel linmgs which have been dismantled for any reason may be used again when reinstating the insulation.
In the accompanying drawing- Figure 1 is a horlzontal section, and Floure 2 is a Vertical section illustrating one iorm of my improved insulation lining.
Figure 3 is a vertical section illustrating two modied forms of my improved insulation lining.
Figures 4 and 5 are two vertical sections taken at right angles to each other showing the application of my improved heat insu lation to the underside of a ships deck.
Figures 6 and 7 are horizontal sections showlng further constructional forms of my improved insulation applied to the frames of a s 1p.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively a horizontal and a vertical section illustrating a modification.
Figures 10 and 11 are respectively a transverse section and an end elevation showing another detail of construction.
ln Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a form of my improved heat insulating linin in which certain of the wood grounds 2 orm distance battens and others 2 are extended at 2, where they are provided with notches (Figure 2) to receive the refrigerating pipes G, 6 which are secured in their respective notches by means of retaining straps 7, or light pressed steel forgings. The granular or fibrous insulating medium 4 is retained in position by means of panels made either as shown in the middle of Figure 1 in the form of slabs 3 having double curves to fit the iianges of the ships frames and provided with an external correspondingly shaped covering 5 of cement or as shown on the right and left/hand sides of Figure 1 in the form of fiat panels 3', 3 of wood, reinforced concrete or other suitable material. The said panels 3, 5 and 3 extend at one end into lateral recesses 8, 8 in the grounds and rest at their other en'ds on shoulders 8, 8 in rebates in said grounds and are secured in position by means of capping pieces or inserted strips 9, 9. These capping pieces may be secured by screws or nails or bolts to the grounds or studs and may be of sufficient len h to secure one, two or more panels as desired. The panels may be formed ot' a vertical" series of plates having male and female edges as indicated at 3* in Figure 2; or the edges may be stepped, as at 3** in Figure 3.
At the parts where no pipes are fitted, the projecting grounds may be utilized to support the air space battens required to prevent the refrigerated produce from being stowed or packed in too close contact with the insulation. These wood grounds oi studs 2, 2' (Figures 1 and 2) being partially or wholly exposed to the atmosphere of the chamber or hold, are less liable to decay than when wholly enclosed inside airtight walls, and may be kept under observation.
Figure 3 shows a construction where the curved panels 3 are fitted where there are no pipes. Here air space battens 10, 10 are supported in cleats 1l, 11 attached to the combined wood grounds and distance battens 2.
It is customary in vessels not to insulate the upper side of steel decks owing to difliculties in maintaining this insulation in a dry and efficient condition. The iron bolts that su port the brine pipes on the undersides ofp steel decks, and 1n the case of chilled beef Steamers, the increased number of bolts that support the meat rails, are usually secured direct to the steel beams supporting the decks. As these bolts project beyond the insulation, in the case of weather decks, they conduct the heat downwards into the refrigerated space, and in the case of be tween decks in which cargo is carried at a higher temperature than in the cargo space below, the same thing occurs and the steel deck of the between deck becomes lower in temperature than is desired, resulting in injury; to the cargo stowed or hung close to the dec To overcome this difficulty, the bolts for supporting the meat rails and brine pipes are preferably arranged to pass through the centre of the wood grounds. By this means, the bolts in question not being in direct contact with the steel structure of the vessel the conduction of heat through them is much reduced. Moreover as the wood grounds extend below the insulation their condition may be observed at any time.
A construction of this kind is shown in Figures l4 and 5 where pipes forming meat rails 12, l2 are supported alongside the refrigerating pipes 6. 6 above channel Airon supports 13, 13 which are connected by hanger bolts 14,14 to angle irons 15 arranged above the grounds 2', 2 and out of contact vit the bulb iron beams 1" supporting the for the Stoppers in stone or earthenware l bottles, to ascertain the condition of the insulating media behind at any time. An arrangement ofthis kind is shown in Figures `10 and 11. wherein a flanged screwthreaded plug 40 is fitted into a flanged body or socket 4l secured, e. g. by pins, screws or nails, to the panel 3, a washer 42 being arranged beneath the flange of the plug to ensure a fluid-tight joint. The plug and body may be made of ebonite, wood fibre, hard wood or other suitable material. The body 41 is preferably tapered externally as shown to allow hot bitumen or cement to be run in between its outer surface and the Wall of the hole in the panel, when the plug is slightly withdrawn, whereupon the body is lpressed into its place while the bitumen is soft. The tapered body may m'oreover be provided With an external screw thread of opposite hand to that of the plug, so as to assist in preventing the body from turning in the hole in the panel when the plug is being tightened or withdrawn. y
In the modification shown in Figure 6, the wood grounds 27, 27 are made of a thickness substantially equal only to the distance between the edges ofthe panels, the borders of the panels 3 remote from the interior of the chamber resting on one side of the bulbs of the bulb iron frames 1. 1, and on the other'side on chocks, such as 28, or angle irons 29, or on the outer flanges of Z-section irons 30 which serve also as a support for the grounds. By this means a considerable economy of timber is obtained.
Ino Figure 7 an arrangement is shown where a ground 31 is supported between the frames 1, 1 on an iron bar or strap 32 secured to such frames. The ground 31 is further supported by a chock 33 arranged between the strap 32 and the plating 1 of the vessel. This construction may be adopted in cases where the panels are of materials of moderate strength, such as slab cork. It is also useful for supporting the grounds in the case of deep tween decks and holds, This construction moreover enables the amount of timber used for the grounds to be reduced.
In the constructions shown in Figures 8 and 9, the curved panels 3, 3" are held in position by means of horizontal air space battens 10', 10', which may be arranged in recesses 34, 34 (Figure 9 in the projecting parts of the wood groun s 35. In this case thehcapping pieces 9, 9 may be dispensed Wit The panels may be formed of any suitable material or a combination of several maand vdecay-proof.
' panel-supporting 'terials which are preferably fire-, water,
I claim: j
1. Heat insulation linings for cold ystorage chambers, said linings comprisinggrounds, surfaces on the sides-of said grounds, lining panels arrangedl between the grounds and resting against said supporting surfaces in such a manner that the grounds yproject freely beyond the surface of the panels int-o the interior space of the chamber, and means for retainlng the anels on the supportin surfaces so as to be individually detachabfe fromthe interior of the chamber by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular to their 'own planes.
2. Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, c'omprisino` lining panels, grounds provided laterally with surfaces for supporting said lining panels, some of such surfaces being formed in grooves in the sides of the grounds which grooves receive one end of lining panels, capping pieces for securing the other ends of said panels on the supporting surfaces which are not :formedl in grooves, and means for detachably securing the capping pieces in position on the grounds.
3. .Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, comprising grounds having parts projecting freely beyond the surface of the ining into the interior space of the chamber, said projecting parts being formed into pipebrackets, lateral panel-supporting sur- V faces on said grounds, lining panels arranged on said surfaces between said grounds, and means for securing the panels to the grounds so that such panels are individually detachable from the interior of the chamber by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular to their own planes.
4. Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, comprising grounds having parts projecting freely beyondv the surface of the lining` into the interior s ace of the chamber, the projecting parts ing formed into ipe brackets, air space battens and distance j attens, pipe securing through said grounds 1n a direction. substantially perpendicular to lthe plane of the lining, lateral panel-supporting surfaces on 'taining bolts extending said grounds, lining panels arranged on said surfaces between sald grounds,and means for securing the-panels to the grounds so that such panels are individually detachable from theinterior of the chamber by' moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular to their own lanesa 5. Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, comprising grounds provided lattachably securing the capping pieces to the' grounds in such manner that such cappi pieces are individually removable while the panels are in position.
6. Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, comprising lining panels, grounds provided laterally with surfaces for supportingl said lining panels, some of said surfaces being formed in grooves in the sides of the grounds, said one end of said lining pane s, capping pieces for securing the other ends of said panels on the supporting surfaces which are not formed in grooves, means for' detachably securing the capping'pieces in position on the grounds, and interengaging surfaces on the juxtaposed edges of the panels.
7. Heat insulation lining for cold storage chambers, comprising grounds, panel-supporting surfaces on the sides of said grounds, lining panels arranged between the grounds and resting against said supporting surfaces in such manner that the grounds project freely beyond the surface of the panels into the interior space of the chamber, `said panels having screwthreaded holes extending therethrough, means for rethe panels on the supporting-surfaces so as to be individuallyy detachable from the interior of the chamber by moving them in a direction substantially perpendicular-to their own planes, and screw plugs for closing the holes in the panels.
EDWARD ALLANV THOMSON.
rooves receiving looy
US744369A 1923-11-13 1924-10-18 Heat-insulation lining for cold-storage chambers Expired - Lifetime US1614411A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2437509A (en) * 1945-02-03 1948-03-09 Dravo Corp Insulated wall construction for hulls, deck houses, and the like
US2684171A (en) * 1948-12-31 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Tank insulation
US2857196A (en) * 1955-05-09 1958-10-21 Fruehauf Trailer Co Insulated load supporting structural beams for refrigerated trailers
US2893067A (en) * 1955-05-10 1959-07-07 American W M B Inc Structural building paneled wall constructions and panel means therefor
US3361284A (en) * 1964-11-10 1968-01-02 Union Carbide Corp Thermal insulation construction
US4198951A (en) * 1977-11-21 1980-04-22 Kenneth Ellison Oven wall panel construction

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2437509A (en) * 1945-02-03 1948-03-09 Dravo Corp Insulated wall construction for hulls, deck houses, and the like
US2684171A (en) * 1948-12-31 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Tank insulation
US2857196A (en) * 1955-05-09 1958-10-21 Fruehauf Trailer Co Insulated load supporting structural beams for refrigerated trailers
US2893067A (en) * 1955-05-10 1959-07-07 American W M B Inc Structural building paneled wall constructions and panel means therefor
US3361284A (en) * 1964-11-10 1968-01-02 Union Carbide Corp Thermal insulation construction
US4198951A (en) * 1977-11-21 1980-04-22 Kenneth Ellison Oven wall panel construction

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