US1598556A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

F. A. CHAMBERS FURNACE Filed Oct. 16. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 'Aug. 1926. 1,598,556

F. A. CHAMBERS FURNACE Filed Oct. '16. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 31, 1926.

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rnnivx a. CHAMBERS, or oH-roAGo, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE.

Application filed October 16, 1924. Serial No. 744,001.

The present invention relates to an improved furnace and has particularly to do with the construction of the fire box and combustion chamber thereof.

Among the objects of the invention are the following:-,

(a) An improved combustion chamber having a gas passage enlarging gradually to al. low for expansion of the burning gases without any restriction uponthe draft and adapted to effect a thorough mixture of the burning gases in order to assure a complete combustion thereof.

(b) An improved type of arch construction for forcing the burning gases downwardly in their course into the combustion chamber, such construction including improved means for cooling the various portions of the arch and including a novel arrangement for providing a continuous flow of cooling gases through said arch.

(0) An improved method for forming an arch of fire brick or tile including unique supporting elements for such brick and tile; and

(d) An improvement in combustion chamber design for the purpose of increas ing the heat absorption from any given quantity of fuel, such improvement comprising novelties in combustion chamber arrangement.

These, and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, are attained by the novel construction, combination and arrangement of the various elements from which an embodiment of the invention may be constructed, one form of an embodiment thereof being illustrated in the accompanying two sheets of drawing hereby made a part of this specfication, and in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of said embodiment of the invention; and

Figures 2 and 3 are transverse sections on the lines 22 and 3-3 of Figure 1.

Like reference characters are used to designate similar parts in the drawings and in description which follows.

In said drawings, represents a boiler which may be any desired type, the enclosing and supporting brick work being designated at 11. The door of the fire box is given the reference numeral 12 and the door opening into the ash pit, 13. A grate 14 of any conventional type extends from the fire box front to a bridge wall 15, suitably disposed upon masonry 16 and at a point proportionate to the length of boiler 10.

The front of bridge wall is preferably vertical and it is best that it should have an inclined or partially inclined rear wall. To the rear of bridge wall 10 is a bulkhead 17 fitting closely against boiler 10, and immediately therebeneath is an inclined arch 18 which arch forms one of the several parts of the invention described in this application for patent. Combustion products are prevented from passing over said arch 18 by said bulkhead 17.

Arranged transversely of boiler 10 and extending through the brick work of the side walls of the combustion chamber, or suspended upon external supports independent of said walls as shown in Figure 2, are two or more beams or channel supports 19 and 20, and from which depend a plurality of longitudinally directed curved hangers 21 regularly spaced apart. Upon each hanger 21 is a plurality of tiles or fire bricks 22 having converging faces and an aperture 23 at their shallow ends to admit of being strung or suspended upon hangers 21. Said bricks 22 are so arranged upon said hangers 21 that they form, as disclosed in Figures 1 and 2, an arch having a downwardly inclined curved face. Suitable fastening members at the ends of hangers 21 prevent the displacement of the fire brick 22 from said hangers 21 by sliding movement therealong. Each tile or brick 22 is independently replaceable without destruction of the entire arch as is usual in conventional constructions.

Upon the beams 19 and 20, fire brick 24- are laid to cover the said beams and to prevent contact with the burning gases in the combustion chamber. An air chamber 25 in termediate tiles 22 and bricks 24; is thus formed, and the means for replacing the air therein as it becomes highly heated with cooler air is a further subject of invention herein disclosed.

Through the wall 11 at one or both sides of boiler 10, is an air passage 26 opening into said chamber 25. A suitable damper may be arranged therein, if desired. A second and angular air passage or tunnel 27 extends through wall 11 from chamber 25 to open either at 28 into the fire box or at 29 into the ash pit. A damper 30 which may be variously placed in said passage 27 determines the direction of the discharge of air from chamber 25 through said passage 27. The draft in the furnace is to be suflicient to suck air from pasage 27 to provide a contiuuous circulation of air through chamber 25, fresh air being admittedthereinto from the outside atmosphere through passage 26. Where a forced draft is required, a blower (not shown) may be associated with passage 26 in order to force atmospheric air therethrough A deflecting wall 31 at the rear of the combustion chamber having an upwardly inclined face beginning in a line approximately under the rear wall of arch 18 terminates in a passage 32 for releasing the combustion gases from the combustion chamber in their flight toward the flues. A settling chamber to the rear of said detlecting wall 31 may be provi ied. The boiler is shown with a girth seam 34 fully protected by the arch 18 which arch is directly thereunder.

Modifications of tiis structure are of course possible for the purpose of attaining substantially the same arrangement for a combustion chamber, as for example, rings of tile may be transversely disposed across the lire box or combustion chamber in step down arrangement, each succeeding ring being lower than the one preceding it. Various walls or piers of differing shapes may be employed in the combustion chamber to aid the mixing of the gases to secure complete combustion, and a plastic fire clay arch may be formed across the combustion chamber to take the place of the construction here most fully described.

In operation, a fire is made upon grate 1 1-. The from the fuel used for such fire pass through the throat passage intermediate bridge wall and arch 18 at high velocity, expanding freely in the enlarging passage between said elements without restriction to the draft. By the nozzle effect thus obtained complete combustion is produced and the heat of such gases, rapidly raises the temperature of deflecting wall 31. The heat thereof radiates against the rear )ortion of boiler 10 and hence a reat Jor- .l a a 1':

tion of the heat of the fuel is transferred to the boiler 10 for useful work, such transfer occurring in both the fire box and combus tion chamber.

The cooling of chamber prevents burning out the metal work in the arch 18 and additionally supplies a portion of preheated air to the fire box, a material aid to economic and complete fuel combustion. Arch 18 in addition to providing complete protection against the combustion products for girth seam 3 1, allows for the inspection thereof from the rear of the furnace without the removal of any brick work.

I claim 1. A furnace having a fire box, an arch, a bridgewall, and enclosing side and end walls, said arch comprising supports having brick suspending portions and fire bricks upon said supports to provide walls about said supports, the bricks upon said supports having an external surface diverging from the adjacent external surface of said bridgewall to provide a gradually enlarging passage between said arch and bridgewall, said side walls being apertured and tunnelled to admit air to and to discharge air from the interior of said arch.

2. In furnace construction, enclosing furnace walls, a grate, and .an arch intermediate said furnace walls and atthe rear end of said grate, said arch comprising a front and a back wall, cross beams and supports therefor, curved hangers upon said cross beams, fire br'ck or tile having converging surfaces suspended upon said hangers to form a'rounded front wall for said arch, additional fire brick laid directly upon said beams and the rear end of said curved wall a chamber arranged transversely of said furnace walls, said arch being separated from said bridgewall by a rearwardly enlarging passage, the furnace walls beingapertured to admit air to said chamber and tunnelled to discharge air therefrom at points above or below said grate.

FRANK A. CHAMBERS.

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