US1597675A - Concrete form - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 31, 1.926.

UNITED-L- SAMUEL DUN-SEATH, OFil CORONA, NEW` YORK'L CONCRETE-Ironia;

Applica-tion,meateprn 2, 192e. seriarno. 99,310.

This invention.y relatesv tor improvements inimold forms'for constructing monolithic walls andiis more particularly adaptedfor use mi constructing` 1n situ concrete walls,`

having bonded corners;

.t has heretofore been proposed to provide metalor wood panels ofA various sizes and to associate Vthese panels to form a mold by means of cross `bars andl trusses which were rigidly connectedto the several panels for supporting them in position. Various sizes of'panels were necessary fori this purpose and in the case of metalthe expense incident to-'adapting the mold tov fit the architectural requirements of the walls as to designand-sizeK was considerable, and often times rendered the `workimpossible: llt-*has long been customaryto provide suchl mold formsv of woodin which wooden uprights were employed and braced,togetherl insnitable fashion, and-to whichthe actualff'acing of the mold, composed of'sheathingflumberl, wasxedlv nailed and] servedias a.y further bracing. The difficultyl of such asystemis the `fact that. the.material is expensive if dressed, and-if not dressed, sticks to .the con? crete andl leaves a-very-rot1gh-surface. Furthermoreyin cutting. andtrimming the lum? ber to lshape, a loss. occurs at eaclrj ob vand .it is` practically` impossible to construct; a4 num? berr of` buildings by` the.V use ofthe. same molds. t Y c Engineering;.considerations smake. it" essen-A tial,- inplacing concrete, that a layer'of'not more thanthree feet in depth be placedj at a'time ifmore b eplaced, separationoffag.- gregate Voccurs andY resultsfin la weakening of the wall. VVithmold-formsheretofore ein ployed, eithery the skeleton was: erected: as a'whole, andthenthefacing-inserted. as the werkt progressed, which is, cumbersome n and involves interruptions; or theslzeleton and mold form was erectedfinsections following each successive pouring. *Y p Invoppesition .totA these mold. forms,f the presentv :inventiony proposes, to provide: a sys tem having the merits tof each, but` avoiding their disadvantages, and.4 inparticular sets forth a rigid framework or skeletonwhich' is erected at the vsiteofthe building,.andin to which loose fitting; elements. may. be assembled` 'for the placing of concrete, audf these .elements mayI be put' in position 1n proportion kas the worlrof. pouring the concrete, advances and without interferencey with f work at adjacent points.

Referringrto the drawings, there is illustrated one form of the rinvention whichi is particularly adapted for use in house con` struction with monolith walls.

Figure l isanf elevation ofi the wallmo'ld form inposition. .n

Fig'. 2 is a section of the samel on an enlarged scale, approximately on linez2-2 of Fig'. l.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on asimilar` scale through a corner. constructedaccording to the presentinvention'.

' In these drawingsythe sills l() are usedas a supportA for the wallf molds. These sills arecomposedeach of. a small'piece of' tim ber which. is preliminarily placed upon a iimsupport and arespacedl apart, at' theV distance to be,V occupied by the. monolithwall. The mold':studding` orI vertical posts 11, l1 are then` placed'in, position in flush and plumb relationto tlieinner. edge -oftlie sills` l0' as! shownin I `\ig..2.V Each of'these studdings :11, .as shownI in .'Fig; 3, `'is provided ontlrie'f'acev whichwill be presentedfto the concreteV wall, with` a metal' face.V4 plate' l2 whichA is rigidly andi tightly secured to Y' the respective. postsyll", and" which extends from they footing upwardlyto the top of the mold.

AsshowninFig. 2it is preferred,"rbut" not cssential, ,to extend. this plate-12 beyond'the bottom end ofthe, post llby the thickness of the sills 10,' soasto-furtlier assistin spacing andbra-cing the posts 11 with respect to the sills l0., Since. this metal plate' l2 in-` tended only to support. the panel" boards 2O described` hereinafter priory to placing the concre`teit`mayfbe verythin.y *n

, At each side of the studding 11' vin the course ofthe wallis provided a 'guiding rail 13v which extends from the bottomr of th'e respective studding upward for a distance off'two-or three feet, `and no more; 'At this point` there is a` gap corresponding to the width of'a. panelboard 20,' aswill be set forthfhereinafter, and'then a further guide 'rail 1.41is;provided` in' alinement with each, which; likewise extendsffor adistancev of two vonthreefeet` then another gapisprovidedfandfthenfurther guide rails Magetc. These lver-tical studdings 11 are held inl rigidrelation to4 eachother, both alongthe respective sid'ejofthe wall' andlwitli respect'to Y the mating studding 11 on the opposite side of the wall, by means of the horizontal braces 15 and the clamping bolts 16. These clamping bolts 16 are respectively passed through washers 17, through the horizontal braces 15, through a studding 11, and its face plate 12, then spa-n a gap substantially the thickness of the wall to be produced, and in like manner pass throughthe face plate 12 and the opposite studding 11, through the horizontal brace 15 on the other side of the wall, through another washer 17 and inally are secured by nuts. It is apparent that by tightening or loosening the nuts, the allotted distance between the facings o1 the panel boards which delimit the wall may be regulated at will.

It is preferred to provide sleeve 18 `about these bolts and between the face plates 12 for the. purpose of permitting an easy withdrawal or' the bolts after theV wall has been cast, and to serve as spacing means between the respective :tace plates 12. y

At the corners, as shown in ig. 3, the vertical studdings 11a4 and 11b are provided respectively at the outer and inner corners, and support the respective face plates 12a and 12b which are secured to the studding 11 in rigid relation thereto, for example by the screw 19. The rails 13 are provided as customary for the outer corners,` and the rails 13a are provided for thelinner corners between the horizontal braces 15.

Each of the studdings 11 may extend 'for the entire height of the building tov be erected, but it is preferred and in case lot tall buildings it is essential, that the studdings 11 be or' denite lengths, and the required lengthfor the height of the building be obtained by placing a'suiiicient number otthem end to end. lThe joints 11X come successively opposite the horizontal braces .15' (F ig. 1, cutaway portion) which thus serve to stillen' and support the joints. By having the studdingsof two lengths, the adjacent studdings are'jointed at diderent braces, and likewise the points at the opposite sides or' the'wall may be staggered, so that a firm seltsupportin'gfmold form is produced. The guide rails 14,14 may project past the joint at each side to prevent lateral movements. A

The mold facing of the'wall is composed of a plurality of panel boards 20 which are cut to the lengths determined by the prearranged distances between the bolt holes on the horizontal braces 15, and may merely be smooth boards cut to the specified length Vand without any further preparation except that if so desired they maybe oiledv or treated to prevent the sticking ofthe concrete. VSince there is substantially no wastage, they may be cheaplymade of dressed lumber and employed many times, s o that the cost` for form lumber for each job is small. They are of uniform width, and the spaces between the successive rails 13, 13 and 14, 14 set forth above are purposely made slightly greater than the width of any panel board.

In assembling the form, after the studding and braces have been connected by the bolts 16 asset forth above, these panel boards 20 are slipped into the gap left between the rails 13, 13 and 14, 14, and are moved downward along the channels presented between the face plates 12 and the rails 13. Successive boards are inserted between the several studdings until the space is built up substantially to the center oi the particular gaps for the desired distance along the wall.

It will be noted in Fig. 1 that the length of the rails 13 is calculated to bring their upper end substantially half-way on the width of the last panel board to be inserted', so that it is afforded a substantial brace for onehalf of its width.

When this particular portion of the wall `has been poured'and has established its primary set, panel boards are then inserted in the same manner vthrough thegap between the rails 14, 14, and the rails i1nmediately above, and another three foot height of` mold is assembled, and is then poured. This procedure continues until the building is erected to the full height.

In Fig. 3 it will particularly be noted that the corner studding 11ar and 11b may be located at various points, and that any lossage results from the cutting 'of theI braces 15 and` of the panel boards: but since these members are each relatively cheap and easily cut, there is'no substantial loss of valuable material at any particular job, vsince only the last section, as represented at the inner corner in Fig. 3, is subject to cutting so far as the panel b'oardsare concerned, and by overlapping the braces 15, they may be employed in substantially any length.

After thev wall has been cast to its'entire height, and has set, the several bolts 16 are released from their nutsy and Vwithdrawn from the wall. The braces 15 then come away, and the studding 13 may be removed, and with them the Vpanelboards 20, which are drawn outward by the plates 12 engaged behind their ends. A slight tap will loosen any stuckv panel board. The wall is then complete, and if so desired, may be given a stucco coat. Y

It is apparent that the invention is not limited to the specific construction illustrated, but that it may be modified within A the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a mold form for monolith walls, a plurality of studding, means to hold said studding in rigid parallel relation of each other, face plates on said studdings extending beyond their sides, a plurality of panel boards of uniform width ysupported against face, and a plurality of guide `rails on'each side of each of said studdings, said guide rails being separated by a gap substantially equal in distance to the width of said panel boards.

2. In a mold form for monolith walls, a plurality of studding members, pairs of braces to hold said studding in rigid parallel relation to each other to form two parallel lines of pairs of studdings, said studding being` joined by endwise abutment to produce a form of the desired height, said joints being made at the points of intersection with said braces, said joints being staggered, securing means passing through said pairs of braces and said studdings at the points of intersection to retain said studdings in fixed mutual relation, a plurality of panel boards of uniform size to `fit between adjacent studdings on each side of the mold form, and guiding means on said studdings L to hold said panel boards in position, said guiding means being constructed and arranged to permit the successive placing of said panel boards Without their being passed the length of said studdings.

3. In a mold form for monolith walls, a plurality of studding, a plurality of braces at an acute angle to said studding, means to clamp said studding and braces together at their points of intersection, a face plate on each studding at the face at which the wall is to be produced, said plate projecting beyond theedges of said face, a plurality of guide rails on each side of each of the studding extending parallel to said face plate, a plurality of panel boards of uniform width supported between each adjacent pair of studdings and heldin position by said plates and rails thereof, said Vguide rails on the acent faces of each adjacent pair of studdings being of the same length'and being separated from the next guide rails thereon by a distance substantially equal to the width of one of said panel boards, each of said rails having its upper terminus at a distancerfrom the base of the wall which is not an integral multiple of the width of the panel boards.

Signed by me at New York, N. Y., this lst day of April 1926. y

-Y SAMUEL DUNsEATH.

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