US159069A - Improvement in steam-generators - Google Patents

Description

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H. C. BULL.- Steam-Generator.

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11. c. BULL. Steam-Generator;

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HENRY c. BULL, OE'NEW YORK, N. Y., AssieNo T0 HIMSELF AND "M. A.

SOUTHWORTH, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

IMPROVEMENT I N STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 159,069, dated .Ianuary 26, 1525; application filed July 11, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

combination of parts hereinafter. described.

; In the drawing, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a verftical section taken on the line as a: of Fig. 2. Fig 2, Sheet 1, is a horizontal section of Fig. T taken on the line 3 y. Fig. 1, Sheet 2,is a ver tical section of Fig. 2, taken on the linez 2. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a horizontal section of Fig. 1, taken on the line z 2. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of Fig. 1, taken on the line 12 22.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

H is the furnace, composed of three distinct shells or walls, J, separated so as to leave spaces K K. L is the chimney. In connec- -tion with. the chimney I intend to use an exhauster or suction-fan (not here shown) of any partial vacuum or draft is produced above the fire, thus drawing air into the furnace and drawing the products of combustion upward among the water-heating tubes B and superheating-tubes y. M are openings in the outer shell for the admission of air. The action of thefau is intended to assist the chimney in drawing the exterior air through the openings m into the open spaceK, and cause the air to ascend to the top of the furnace, where'it passes through openings N in the middle shell and into the spaceK, in which it descends to the openingsbeneath the grate. The air for the combustion of the fuel is all supplied in this manner. In passing down throu h the spaces K K the air becomes heated 2111f is delivered to the fuel ,in the condition of.a hot-blast, the furnacedoors being kept tightly closed except for the introduction of fuel. These ascending and descending currents of air entirely surround the furnace, keeping the outer shell comparatively through the tubes V cool, and protecting the inner shell from the effects of intense heat. A is the water and steam reservoir, of cylindrical form, to be placed in any convenient position apart from the furnace. The water-line is intended to he maintained about midway in the reservoir A; The steam-superheating pipes 3 connect with the upper part of the reservoir A, where they take steam and pass into and through the furnace, as shown in the drawing. The lower portion ofthe reservoir Ais provided with a vertical drop-tube, U, to the lower extremity of which is attached a suitable sedimen t-box or collector,- X. collector X by the two lateral water-circulatin g tubes, V, which communicate with the droptube on opposite sides thereof, and thence, re spectively, extend and communicate with the opposits ends of a circulating-cylinder, D, which, by short tubes T, com municateswith a horizontal receiving-pipe, S, which communicates with the lower ends of the water-heating pipes B, as shown. The upper ends of the pipes B communicate with the reservoir A below the water-line, as shown.

When the furnace is duly fired the heating of the pipes B will cause a circulation of water through thelateral tubes Y, cylinder D, pipes T S, and pipes B to the reservoir A, thence down through .the'drop-tube U, and laterally again, and so on continually while the fire is maintained. The lateral drawing off of the water from the drop-tube U by means of the pipes V imparts a downward movement to the water iif the drop-tube,- and the sedimentary matters contained in the water are thereby set in motion toward the mouth of the sediment-collector X, and the downward motion thus given to the sedimentary particles causes them to separatefrom the circulating current and shoot down by their inertia into the still water contained in the collector X, .where they settle and remain A constant separation of sedimentary and foreign matters contained in the water is thus made to take place, resulting in great advantages in preserving the'interior surfaces of the water-heating tubes B in a clean and eflicient condition.

In the use of water that is highly charged The drop-tube Uis tapped just above the v especial value.

with salts and other impurities-seawater, for example-I find it advantageous to employ mechanical means to increase or force the circulation of the water, so as to give a stronger downward motion to the water in the droptube U; and I find that, when the water is heated under the usual boiler-pressure, and made to flo w swiftly through the drop-tube U, as before described, the salts and other impurities will there separate from the water and pass down into and remain in the collector X. For the purpose of producing the aforesaid enforced downward current in the tube U, I use a mechanical device in connection with the lateral pipes V, which device must be capable of drawing the water off from tube U through pipes V and forcing it through the heating-pipes B. One form of such mechanical device is shown in the drawing, and consists of a pair of propeller-wheels, R R, operating in different directions, both mounted on a shaft, Q, which operates within and passes through the circulating-cylinder D. The propeller-shaft Q is to be operated by power in any suitable manner, and when the propellers are set in motion the water will be drawn downward with great velocity through the tube U into pipes V, entering the cylinder D at each end at W, passing out through pipes T into the heating-tubes B.

By means of the above-described arrangement and operation of parts I am enabled to use salt water without injury or clogging of the'heating-tubes B, and for thepurposes of marine steam navigation I have reason to believe that my inventionwill prove to be of Suitable openings are to be made in the collector for the removal of the deposits therein made. When the propellers are not in operation a circulation of water and a separation of sediment will take place, as before described, but the separation will not be so rapid and elfective as when the propellers and forced circulator are in operation.

In the use of various waters, such, for example, as the Mississippi river water, in which the sediment is composed chiefly of floating mud, the use of the forced circulation will be unnecessary, as the natural circulation and downward motion of the water in tube U will be sufiicient to induce the separation of the sediment, and in such cases the propellers or pumps may be omitted from the apparatus; but in the use of sea waters and waters charged with salts I find the use of the forced current and an apparatus for its production to be highly advantageous. Among other advantageous functions of the drop U is its use as a safety-distributor of the water from the reservoir A. In case the water in the reservoir becomes greatly exhausted the pipes B will still be supplied with water and preserved from injury by the water contained in the drop-tube. Until the water is exhausted from the drop-tube the tubes B will not become unduly heated. The top of the reservoir A is to be providedwith safety-valves, in the usual manner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with the outer and inner shells J J, having, respectively, openings M and O, of the central partition J, having openings N, the said parts being arranged with the. spaces K K between them, all as shown and described, whereby air to support combustion is caused to take the course indicated and discharge beneath the grate or into the fire, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the drop-tube and generating-tube -B, of the drum D, lateral pipes V, central tube T, and the propellerwheels, operating in opposite directions, as and for the purpose specified.

HENRY C. BULL.

Witnesses:

T. B. MOSHER,

ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

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