US1590303A

US1590303A - Refractory block used in building metallurgical furnaces

Info

Publication number: US1590303A
Application number: US4903A
Authority: US
Inventors: Levi S Longenecker
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-01-26
Filing date: 1925-01-26
Publication date: 1926-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 1943-06-29

Description

June 29 ,'1926. y 1,550,303

L.. s. LONGENECKER REFRACTORY BLOCK USED IN BUILDING METALLURGICAL FURNACES Filed Jan. 26, 1925 the tongue and groove construction here permits the use of cement between the blocks,

if desired, and also allows some relative adjustment of the individual blocks.

The tongues 3 and -the grooves 4 may extend either the full length of the blocks or for any desired fraction of their length. As shown in the drawing, these tongues and grooves occupy about three-fourths of the total height of the block, and this proportion I have found to be entirely satisfactory in actual use. It will be understood that this invention is not confined to these particular proportions, and that the tongues and grooves may be made shorter or longer if desired.

Fig.` 5 shows what happens when,v one of the Atiles 2 becomes broken at some point between its lower end and the tops of the' of the downwardly flaring shape of the` tongues and grooves, the broken part 10 of.

the tile is held in the` position shown in Fig.

5. The broken part is prevented from slipping out sidewise by the rins on o posite sides of, the ring which inclu es the hroken tile, and the grooved side of the broken-part cannot slip off the tongue inasmuch as the endwise pressure or ring load will hold the tiles together. In this position the lower `end of the vbroken part 10, which is the glazed end ofthe tile, protects the upper part 11 from the action o the furnace llames, and for this reason, the roof remains, for all practical purposes, as strong as it was before the tile was broken. a

In assembling a furnace roof ring of the ltype illustrated herein it is necessary to insert key-blocks or driving blocks at suitable' intervals, and these blocks are made like the blocks shown in the drawing, except that one face of the block is left smooth. For convenience I provide s'ome key or driving blocks with grooves only and some with tongues only, so as to suit all conditions of use.

The thickness of the tongues and grooves is not important, provided they are thick enough to obtain the proper interlocking between the tiles, and are not so thick as to weaken the tiles.

In the construction shown, the base of the tongue occupies about one-half of the face of the block, and while I have found this to be suitable, it is subject to variation as maybe desired.

The blocks provided with tongues and grooves according to this invention may be laid up by the mason as quickly as smooth blocks, and their cost of manufacture is not greatly in excess, since no additional material nor labor is required. I am aware that blocks have been made with interengaging pro'ections and depressions of various klnds, ut in all such cases that are known to me, the function of the interengaging portions is to hold the blocks in position when they are originally put in place. The tongues and grooves of this invention have no such function since the blocks will be held together when first assembled, whether the tongues and grooves are present or not. It is only when displacement occurs, by the breaking of a block or otherwise, that the tongues and grooves become effective in maintaining the continuity of the structure made up therefrom.

As stated'above, the regular triangular shape of the tongues and grooves is preferred, as this shape lends itself most easily to convenient manufacture and assembly. However, the sides of the tongues and grooves may be curved either inwardly or outwardly as desired, lor given an other -shape which provides increasing width toward thebottom of the block.

Refractory blocks are made in a variety of shapes and sizes, some having parallel sides and others being tapered to a greater or less extent for use in arches of various sizes. This invention is of course applicable to all of these -various shapes and sizes.

This invention is not restricted to the use of any particular material, but may be applied to blocks made of silica, clay, magnesite, chrome or any other suitable material. Neither is itrestrioted to blocks-*for use in making arched roofs, since flat roofs',

while they are suspended from hangers instead of being self-supporting, present much thesame problems as arched roofs. The improved blocks have the same advantages in both cases. It will also be understood that the construction herein shown may be employed in making blocks for purposes other than refractory roofs and is a licable wherever it is desired to prevent ments of blocksfrom substantial movement relative one to the other, as in floors, roads,

pavements and the like, and that no limitations are to be imposed upon this invention ocks or fragy except such as are indicated in the appended g claims. g l

I claim as my. 1nvent1on: g 1A 'A furnace roof composed of refractory `blocks arranged side by side and held toweones gether mainly by pressure between their engaging surfaces, said blocks being interconnected by means of tongues and grooves extending in a generally vertical direction, the said tongues and grooves being narrower at one end than at the other, and thereby operating to prevent broken fragments of said.

blocks from falling away from said roof.

Q. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side and interconnected by means of tongues and grooves of generally triangular form and having their apexes uppermost, the said tongues and grooves operating to prevent broken fragments of said blocks from falling away from vent chipping of saide ges and top portions and to facilitate the manufacture of said blocks and molds.

4. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side and held together mainly by pressure between their en-I gaging surfaces, said blocks being interconnected by means of triangular tongues and grooves extending in a generally vertical direction, said tongues and grooves operating to prevent broken fragments of saidrblocks from falling away from said roof, and the said grooves being sufficiently wider and deeper than said tongues to provide clearance therebetween when the bloclrs are as sembled together.

5. A refractory block provided on one of its faces with a triangular projection having its base at one edge of said face, the said block being also provided with a recess or groove on its face opposite to said projection, the said groove conforming in position and shape to said projection.

its faces an integral projection lor tongue eittending from one edge of said face and progressively narrowing toward the opposite cud of said face, the said block also havingin its opposite face a recess or groove conforming in position and shape to said projection, the edges and apeXes of said tongues and grooves being modified to prevent chipping of said edges and apexes and to facilitate manufacture of said blocks and molds.

7. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side bv side, and means for interconnecting the lower ends of said blocks to prevent broken fragments thereof from from said roof. furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side, said blocks being retained in place mainly by pressure between the engaging surfaces of said blocks, and means for interconnecting the lower ends of said blocks to prevent broken fragments thereof from falling from said roof.

9. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side and held together mainly by pressure between their engaging surfaces, said blocks being interconnected by means of tongues and groves extending in a generally vertical direction, the said tongues and grooves being narrower at their tops than at their bottoms, and thereby operating to prevent broken fragments of I saidf blocks from falling away from said roo 10. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side and interconnected by means of tongues and grooves of generally triangular form and having their apexes uppermost, the said 'tongues and grooves operating to prevent broken fragments of said blocks from falling away from the roof.

11. A furnace roof composed of refractoryy blocks arranged side by side and held tdgether mainly by pressure between their engagin surfaces, said blocks being interconnecte by means of tongues and grooves extending in a generally vertical direction, the said tongues and grooves being narrower at their tops than at their bottoms, and thereby operating to prevent broken frag ments of said blocks from falling away from said roof, the edges and top portions of said tongues and grooves being modified to prevent chipping of said edges and top portions and to facilitate the manufacture of said blocks and molds.

12. A furnace roof composed of refractory blocks arranged side by side and held together' mainly by pressure between their engaging surfaces, said blocks being interconnected by means of triangular tongues and grooves extending in a generally vertical direction, said tongues and grooves operating to prevent broken fragments of said 6. A refractory block having on onel of blocks from falling away from said roof, and the said grooves being sufficiently wider and deeper than said tongues to provide clearance therebetween when the blocks are assembled together.

13. An integral block having on one of its faces a retaining portion offset from the plane of said face, said offset portion extending upwardly from the base of the block and widening progressively from one end to the other.

14. A block having on one of its faces anV integral projection or ton ue which, when the block is in use, exten s in a generally vertical direction from the base of the block and widens progressively from its top to vits bottom, said block also having, in its Yface opposite to said projection, a recess or groove conforming in position and shape to said projection.

l5. A refractory block having an integral triangular projection foriiied on one of its faces and a triangular recess or groove formed in the opposite face of said block and opposite to said projection.

16. A refractory bloclvprovided on one of its faces with a triangular projection having its base aty one edge of said face, the said block being also provided with a recess or groove on its face opposite to said projection, the said groove conforming in position and shape to said projection.

17. A refractory block having on one of its faces an integral projection or tongue extending from one edge of said face and progressively narrowing toward the opposite end of said face, the said block also tongue having its base at one edge .of said face, the said projection extending from a sinall fraction of the length of said block to the full length of said block, and the said block being also provided on its Aopposite face with a recess or groove conforming in position and shape to said projection.'

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed niy naine this 19th day of January, 1925.

LEVI S. LON GEN ECKER.