US2140185A - Furnace construction - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 13, 1938. L. H. HOSBEIN FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed o ct. s, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J'LUGI'ZZZ W sbeuq fi N t L P r w a I Y q m A 0 w H L T Q u C m w H, v. a Q Q m 1 L m 1 v I H H H P M 0 FILH u h J i m mam @m 6mm Sm Ti 3 an Tam m @bN g Y MNN am 6Q AE an 8Q 69 @T 6Q. an SQIM. aw A169 6% 9 m Dec. 13, 1938. H. HOSBEIN FURNACE CONSTRUCTION 5 She'ets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Oct. 8, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Louis B. Hosbein, Glencoe, Ill., assig'nor to M. 11.. Detrick Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Delaware Application October 8, 1934, Serial No. 747,317

Renewed October 26, 1937 32 Claims. (01. 110-99) This invention relates to the construction of scribe, certain arch structures, and tiles of cerfurnaces in which refractory blocks or tiles are tain forms, which represent embodiments of the used for forming portions of the furnace arches invention; but it is to be understood that these or walls. More particularly, it relates to furnace are presented merely for purpose of illustration arch construction and to tiles for the building and are not to be construed in any fashion such 5.

of same. as to limit the appended claims short of the true One of the objects of the invention is the proand most comprehensive scope of the invention vision of an improved furnace arch construction, in the art; as I am aware that the invention and tiles for the building of same, whereby dismay be embodied in various other particular l0 integration of the arch by spalling will be in large forms of arch and wall structures and tiles. l0

measure avoided. In said drawings,

A principal object of the invention is to pro- Figs- 2, 3 and 4 e eva na viewsshowvide a furnace constructed of like refractories ng e p y fol-1r faces of a o 01 t le em- -or tiles each having a body portion with ofiset bodying the invention, Fig. 2 showing the face two-way anchoring means adjacent one end and opposi e to at h W n Fi 3 Sh win 15 face portions provided with complementary seats the side face at the right hand S de Of a d and projections symmetrically positioned on the Fig. 4 showing the Side face Oppo at S own faces with respect to the anchoring means to pron vide an interlock when corresponding faces of Fi 5 is a Sectional elevetional View Of a D tiles are placed together with the two-way antion of afurnace arch made up of tiles of the 20 choring means in alignment. form illustrated in the preceding figures;

Another object is the provision of a furnace Fig. 6 is a bottom view of a p ion of such arch structure and a tile for building same, which r s r re; will be effective to minimize spalling and where- Fi 7 1s a pe sp t e vi w f a t le havin a in but a single form of til i required for th face of the form illustrated in Fig. 1 and its sides 25 construction of an entire flat refractory arch or of the forms illustrated in Figs- 4 and furnace n, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a slightly modi- Another object isthe provision of a refractory fied form of tile; furnace arch or wall construction, and an im- Fig. 9 is a side sectional elevational view of a proved refractory tile for building same, which portion of-a radial or convex 'furnace arch struc- 30 will be effective to minimize air or gas leakage ture;

through the arch or wall. Fig. 10 is a sectional view, on line Ill-I0, of the Yet another object is the provision of an im- Structure illustrated n g. 9; and proved radial or convex furnace arch or wall 11 s a perspective view of a wedge-Shaped structure and improved refractory tiles for build-- e constituting O e Of t e elements of the struc- 35 ing same, which will be effective to minimize disture shown in Figs. 9 and 10. integration of m she by spalllng, Furnace arches and walls which are built up Another object is the provision of n ar h of refractory tiles are subject to disintegration structure having the advantages above specified through Spelling, Whi h results from the breakand which can be assembled or erected or re g O o Portions of the tiles and the pp 0 paired with facility. out of the broken-off portions. Such breaking A further object is the-provision of improved 0 the files may Occur as the result of stresses furnace tiles which are adapted for the building set up in the tiles themselves incident to their of furnace arch and wall structures having the heating and in n f m pr s res exerted characteristics above specified, and which tiles y e tiles p n one another as the result-of 45 may be manufactured with facility, particularlyin their t rma xpan i n- Wh n a r k pormachines of the type known as dry-presses. tion of one tile falls out of the structure, it leaves Other and further objects of the invention will side faces of other tiles exposed to the furnace be pointed out or indicated hereinafter or will fire and increases their susceptibility to spalling. be apparent to one skilled in the art upon an The present inventionprovides a refractory 50 understanding of the invention or its employment furnace construction, and forms of tiles for buildin us ing it, which will be effective to retain broken- For the purpose of aiding in an explanation of oil portions of tiles in the structure, so that they the invention, I show in the drawings forming continue to function as effective portions of the a part of this specification, and hereinafter derefractory arch and deter its disintegration. The I6 tile across the short marginal seats invention also provides a refractory furnace structure having a desirable flexibility or'mobility of the component tiles relative to one another, whereby the tiles are enabled to accommodate themselves to thermal expansion of the structure and avoid the imposition of breaking pressures upon one another. While obtaining this desirable flexibility in the structure, the invention provides for the effective joining of the juxtaposed tiles in a fashion suchas to minimize leakage of air or gas between them.

The nature of the invention may be ascertained in more detail by consideration of illustrative em-' bodiments which are shown in the drawings and which will now be described.

In Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive is illustrated one form of tile which may be employed for construction of an entire flat refractory arch or a furnace wall and also portions of a convex radial arch structure. For convenience of designation, I will refer to the broader lateral sides of this tile as "faces and the narrower ones as sides. The tile is designated generally by the reference numeral l4, and at a suitable distance from its upper or outer end it is provided with grooves 15a and i5b extending inwardly from its sides, to provide a head having overhanging shoulders iGa and iiib. The groove i5a is approximately twice the depth of the groove l 5b, and while the shoulder iiib extends out to the adjacent side of the tile, the shoulder i6a is in-set from its side of the tile by a distance d substantially half the depth of the groove i5a. Thus, the width of the shoulders is less than the total width of the tile and the headis asymmetrically locatedwith respect to the faces of the tile. The

upper portions of the faces are formed as flat surfaces Ila and ilb and the upper portions of the sides as fiat surfaces in and lab, said surfaces being arranged in rectangular relationship; Below the flat surface Ila the face of the tile is provided with a series of parallel intra-marginal projections l9a interspaced by a series of parallel intra-marginal seats 20a, a series of short marginal projections 2ia interspaced by a series of 22a, and a series of parallel marginal projections 24a interspaced by a series of parallel marginal seats 25a. The projections are all of the same width, and at their bases their width is the same as that of the bottoms of the seats. The sides of the projections are beveled,- however, so that their crowns are narrower than the bottoms of the seats. Both ends of the projections i9a are beveled to a gentle slope, and the inner ends of the projections Zia and 24a are likewise beveled. The projections 2ia and 241: are arranged in alignment with the seats 20a, and the projections iSa in alignment with the seats 25a. The projections extend outwardly somewhat beyond the flat surface Ila and the seats are depressed inwardly slightly beyond said flat surface. The total length of projections i9a is approximately equal to the combined total.

lengths of projections 24a and 2 la and the length of projections Ila, is somewhat less than distance d.

The side of the tile below the flat surface lac (Fig. 4) is formed with a series of parallel projections 21a interspaced by seats 28a, said projections extending outwardly somewhat beyond,

the flat surface Ian and each merging at one end with a projection 2la-and terminating at the other end at a seat 221). The seats 28a are depressed inwardly somewhat beyond the surface Na and at one and each merges with a seat 22;:

and at the other with a projection lib. The projections 21a are of the same width as projections i9a and 24a and seats 28a the same width as seats 20a and 25a. The projections 210. are

beveled at their sides, so that while their bases are approximately the same width as the bottoms of the seats 28a, their crowns are narrower than said seats.

The opposite side of the tile (Fig. 3) below the flat surface i8b is provided with a series of projections 21b interspaced by seats 28b, said projections and seats being similar to projections 21:]. and seats 28a, but with the projections 21b opposite the seats 28a.

The face of the tile below the flat surface I'Ib (Fig. 2) is formed with a series of intra-marginalprojections 191) similar to projections i911, a series of intra-marginal seats 201) similar to seats 2011, a series of short marginal projections 2") similar to projections 2ia, a series of short marginal seats 22b similar to seats 220., a series of marginal projections 24b similar to projections 24a, and a series ofmarginal seats 25!) similar to seats 25a. The projections and seats on one face are arranged in staggered relationship to the corresponding projections and seats on the other face, so that projections iQb are opposite seats 20a, seats 20b opposite projections l9a, projections Zib opposite seats 22a, seats 22b opposite projections Zia, projections 24b opposite seats 25a, and seats 25!) opposite projections 24a. Consequently, the outer ends of projections 24b merge with ends of side projections 21b, and the outer ends of projections 2ib terminate at the bottoms of seats 28a. All of the projections and seats extend transversely of the tile at' right angles to the longitudinal median lines of its faces and sides.

A refractory tile of this construction is adapted to manufacture in a dry-press. As is known in the art, for the forming of refractories in a drypress, the clays are prepared in a finely ground condition, but with a relatively small content of moisture, so that the mixture is not inherently cohesive or plastic. A suitable quantity of the more or less granular mixture is placed in a mould of the desired form and therein subjected to very high pressures such as to shape it accurately and closely to the mould matrix and cause it to cohere.

For the construction of a flat arch or suspended arch or furnace roof, it is customary to suspend the arch tiles from arch bars, hangers or. other supporting membes. The present invention provides an improved arch construction of this character. As seen in Fig. 5, the reference numeral 40 designates the lower portion of a suitable beam or similar member constituting a part of the arch supporting structure. There may be a plurality of such beams, and they may extend either transversely or longitudinally of the furnace. A plurality of arch bars or hangers 4i is supported from such beams, as by members 42, which permit the arch bars to'be shifted toward and from arch bars, tiles in the front course being shown at the left hand side of the figure and tiles in the rear course being shown at the right hand side of the figure. The tiles in the front course are hung with their shoulders I611 at the left, while tiles in'the rear course are hung with their shoulders lab at the left. So hung, the juxtaposed tiles in the respective courses have their side projections and seats 21a, 28a, 21b and 28b intermeshed. As observed in Fig. 6, in this arrangement of the tiles those of one course are offset laterally with respect to the courses which are in juxtaposition to them. In this relationship the tiles in one course have their projections Na in the seats 25a of the tiles in one juxtaposed course and their projections 24b in seats 20b of the tiles in the other juxtaposed course. Likewise, the tiles in each course have their projections 24a. in the seats 20a of the tiles in one juxtaposed course and their projections l9b in seats 25b of the tiles in the other juxtaposed course. The shoulders of the tiles in all of the courses align longitudinally of the arch bars, the narrowed upper portions of the tiles over the grooves l5a accommodating the webs of the arch bars. The short marginal projections Ma and 2lb of the tiles in each course extend beyond v the side joints between the tiles in the adjacent courses and occupy portions of the seats 20a and 20b inwardly from the projections Zia and 2") of tiles in the juxtaposed courses, the short marginal projections then acting as, interlocking elements. The outer end portions of projections I91: and l9b likewise extend across the side joints betweentiles in the juxtaposed courses, and occupy seats 22a and 22b of tiles in such juxtaposed courses. Thus a broken joint arrangement is produced, and each tile is intermeshed with four tiles in adjacent courses, in addition to being intermeshed with the juxtaposed tiles in its own course. By virtue of the lateral engagement of the short marginal projections 2la. of tiles in juxtaposed courses, and the similar lateral engagement of projections 2 lb of tiles in juxtaposed courses, the tiles are held against undesirable separation lengthwise of the courses.

The dimensions of the various projections and seats are such as to afford suflicient latitude or play to accommodate the normal tolerance varia-' tions of the tiles, and in the assembling of the structure thin coatings of plastic jointing material, such as fire clay, are applied to the surfaces of the tiles to fill intervening voids. The outward offset of the flat surfaces l'la, llb, Na and lb beyond the bottoms of the seats of the respective sides and faces of the tiles is approximately half the height of the projections, so that when the tiles are intermeshed as above de-' scribed, said flat surfaces of juxtaposed tiles may abut one another.

The refractory arch structure-thus formed has many important advantages. By virtue of the distribution of the intermeshing elements, portions which may be broken ofi from any tile are definitely retained in place in the arch and continue to function as heat confining and heat radiating portions of the structure and continue to protect the adjacent faces and sides of other tiles against direct exposure to the furnace chamber. The entire refractory structure is intimately interkmt or intermeshed, but at the same time a suitable play or relative mobility of tiles is accommodated, thus giving the structure a desirable flexibility. The joints between the tiles have a tortuous course,- so that leakage of air and relative mobility of the tiles. Accordingly, sumcient latitude may be allowed in the joints for accommodation of thermal expansion of the tiles, and the imposition of breaking pressures of the tiles upon one another avoided. It is furthermore to be observed that but single form of tile is required for the building of the entire flat arch or roof and that with such single form of tile the roof may be constructed with broken joints in both the longitudinal and gas through them is effectively bamed, despite the transverse directions of the arch, as well as through the arch. In Fig. 8 is illustrated a slightly modified form of tile wherein the short marginal projections He and 2lb are dispensed with and the fiat surfaces Fla and I'll; continued down the marginal portions of the faces which were occupied by said projections in the form of tile above described. An arch structure as above described may be builtwith this form 01' tile throughout, and while the side joints may be staggered as above described, the portions of the tiles which break the joint will not be intermeshed. In construction of an archwith tiles which have one face formed with the projections .and seats and the other face fiat, the tiles are arranged in courses with the projections and seats of those in one course interfitting with the projections and seats of those in one juxtaposed.

course and with the fiat faces abutting the fiat faces of the tiles in the other juxtaposed course.

The grooves lie and 'lib'are of uneven length, while the shoulders Ilia and 5b are of substantially even length, thereby providing a two-way suspension or anchoring means by which the tiles can be suspended from either side, as shown in Fig. 5. When the tile is suspended from the shoulder l6a the body portion of the tile extends further beneath the anchoring member 4| than when the tile is suspended from shoulder lib. This offsets the anchoring or suspending means with respect to the faces of the tile and provides for overlapping of the tile as shown in Fig. 6. The projections l9a and the seats 25a are symmetrically positioned with respect to the anchor-.

shoulder lGa. When two tiles are suspended with faces Ila positioned adjacent "b by the oifset anchoring means the seats of one face interlock with the projections of the other face, as

shown in Fig. 6.' This positional relationship of the seats and projections provides for the construction of an entire fiat wall of identical tile and for anchoring or suspendingthe tile by the shoulders 16a and Hit).

In Figs. 9 and 10 is illustrated a convex radial arch construction in which tiles of a type above described may be employed in conjunction with a wedge-shaped tile such as illustrated in Fig. 11. This wedge-shaped tile is formed with its con,- verging faces of but half the width of the tiles I4, and it is also somewhat shorter than said tiles. Preferably its larger -end face is formed ona radius. Its sides are flat and parallel to each othemwhile one of its converging faces is formed 4 with a series of projections 5| interspaced by seats 52, said projections and seats extending transversely of the face and at right angles to the sides. The opposite converging face is formed with a similar series of projections 54 interspaced by seats 55. These projections and seats are of the same height, width and depth as the projections and seats of the tile l4, and the projections on one face are opposite the seats on the other face, and vice versa. The serial arrangement of the projections 5| corresponds to that of the seats 20a of tile 14 and the serial arrangement of projections 54 to that of seats 2511.

In the radial arch structure, a plurality of the tiles I4 is suspended in an aligned series on a suitable bracket or arch bar in diverging relationship, and a pair of the wedge-shaped tiles 50 is disposed between each two of the tiles M in the series. One tile 58 of each such pair is disposed with its projections Him the seats 25b of one of the tiles M and its projections 54 in the seats 24a of the other tile H. The other wedgeshaped tile 50 of the pair isdisposed in reversed relationship, its projections 54 occupying seats 20b of the first mentioned tile l4 and its projections 5| occupying seats 20a of the other tile l4. As seen in Fig. 10, the outer sides of the tiles 5!) thus arranged are offset with respect to the sides of the tiles [4, producing a broken joint arrangement. The short marginal projections 2 la and 2 lb of tiles H are accommodated in seats 52 and 55 of the additional tiles 50 which are similarly arranged between other tiles l4 disposed collaterally with those of the first series. The lower ends of a series of the tiles l4 and 50 thus arranged, forms a convex radial arch surface. In this assembly, the tiles 50 are retained in the structure by their intermeshing engagement with the tiles l4. The'structure has the desirable flexibility and accommodation for thermal expansion, and in addition to its provisions for the effective retention of broken tile fragments in the structure, is of particular advantage in permitting the use of tiles of quite small cross section without complication or multiplication of the'metallic supporting members. The Wedge-shaped tile 58 may be formed very easily and economically on a dry-press, the top and bottom mould members shaping the flat sides of the tile and the beveled ends of the projections 5| and 54 and the sides of the mould matrix shaping the projections and seats.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace arch structure comprising a plurality of refractory tiles each having a face formed with seats and projections in alternate arrangement both longitudinally and transversely thereof, said tiles being suspended by their upper ends in collateral and staggered relationship with said faces in approximately vertical position and with projections of respective tiles in seats of two other 1 tiles which overlap the same side thereof.

2. A furnace arch structure comprising a plurality of refractory tiles each having a face formed with a plurality of projections and seats disboth longitudinally and transversely thereof, and means engaging said tiles at their upper ends to support them in depending position and collateral association with projections and seats of one tile intermeshed with tributed alternately seats and projections of another.

,3. A furnace structure comprising a plurality of refractory tiles arranged in courses and each having a face formed with a plurality of narrow projections and seats. arranged alternately in courses with said projections and seats of respective tiles of one course in interfitting relationship with seats and projections of like faces of a plurality of tiles of a juxtaposed course.

4. A furnace structure comprising a plurality of refractory tiles having each of two *opposite faces formed with a plurality of both seats and projections arranged alternately in rows both'longitudinally and transversely thereof and with the projections of one face opposite seats of the opposite face, said tiles being disposed with their like faces in juxtaposition and with projections and seats of respective tiles intermeshed with seats and projections of a pair of other tiles at each of opposite sides thereof.

5. A furnace structure comprising a plurality of identically shaped refractory tiles each having a face formed with a plurality of transversely extending narrow seats and projections in alternate arrangement both longitudinally and transversely thereof, said tiles being disposed with their ends in alignment and their like faces in juxtaposition and with projections and seats of respective tiles in meshing relationship with seats and projections of two other tiles at the same side thereof, and anchoring members retentively engaging outer end portions of some of the tiles.

6. A furnace structure comprising a plurality of refractory tiles having support-engaging portions adjacent their outer ends and having opposite faces formed with seats and projections in alternate arrangement both longitudinally and said first mentioned tiles with their narrower ends outward, said wedge-shaped tiles each having one of their converging faces formed with seats and projections intermeshing with'projections and seat of one of said first mentioned tiles, whereby said wedge-shaped tiles are retained by and cooperate with said first mentioned tiles to form a convex arcuate refractory furnace portion. '7. A furnace structure as specified in claim 6 and wherein said wedge-shaped tiles are arranged in staggered relationship to said first mentioned tiles. e

8. A furnace structure as spe ified in claim 6 and wherein the width of the converging faces of said wedge-shaped tiles is approximately onehalf the width of the juxtaposed faces of the first mentioned tiles.

9. A furnace arch structure comprising a plurality of identically shaped refractory tiles each having two opposite faces formed with seats and projections in alternate arrangement both longitudinally and transversely thereof, said tiles being disposed in courses with the tiles of one course staggered with respect to those in juxtaposed courses, the seats and projections of tiles of adjacent courses being disposed in intermeshing relationship.

10. A furnace arch structure comprising arch bars disposed collaterally in spaced relationship and supported for shifting movement toward and from each other, and refractory tiles supported on said arch bars in courses running transversely thereof, each tile having supporting engagement with but a single arch bar and the center-t0- center spacing of the arch bars being approximately equal to the width of two of the tiles, the

tiles having their opposite sides each formed with a plurality of narrow projections and seats arranged alternately in a series starting at the end of said side and running lengthwise thereof, said projections and seats of respective tiles being disposed in intermeshing relationship with those of the juxtaposed tiles in the same course at locations approximately opposite the arch bars and at locations approximately midway between the arch bars..

11. A furnace atile consisting of a block of refractory material primarily of rectangular cross section and having one of its lateral faces formed with shallow projections and seats in alternate arrangement both longitudinally and transversely thereof, the seats being of width to accommodate the projections, said tile being formed at its outer end with a support-engaging portion whereby it may be anchored with said lateral face in contact with the similar face of. an identical tile and with the inner ends of the two tiles in the same plane and projections and seats of the two tiles in intermeshlng relationship,

12. A tile for furnace construction, consisting of a block of refractory material having a support-engaging portion adjacent one of its ends and a lateral face formed with a plurality of series of shallow projections and seats, said series running longitudinally of the block and the projections in one series being staggered relative to those in another and the seats in one series being staggered relative to those in another, the seats in one series being of size and shape to receive projections corresponding to those in another series, whereby a plurality of such tiles may be disposed in lateral contact with their support-engaging portions in alignment and with projections and seats of their like faces in intermeshing relation.

13. A tile for furnace construction, consisting of a block of refractory material primarily of quadrangular cross section and formed with a support-receiving notch adjacent one of its ends, said block having one of its lateral faces formed with a plurality of projections and seats arranged alternately in rows both longitudinally and transversely thereof, the seats being of size and shape appropriate to receive the projections, and the support-receiving notch being offset laterally from the median line of said face, whereby a plurality of such tiles may be disposed in collateral overlapping relationship with their support-receiving notches in alignment and with projections and seats of their like faces in intermeshing relationship.

14. A tile for furnace construction comprising a block of refractory material primarily of quadrilateral cross section and having shoulders at opposite sides adjacent one of its ends; the shoulder at one side beingin-set to a greater distance than that at the opposite side, said block having a lateral face formed with "projections and seats distributed over the greater part of its area and arranged alternately both longitudinally and transversely thereof, the seats being of size and shape appropriate to receive the projections, whereby a plurality of such tiles may be anchored by their shouldersin collateral overlapping association with their shoulders in alignment and with projections and seats of their like faces in intermeshed relationship.

15. A tile as specified in claim 11 and wherein the surface of the upper portion of said face is flat and lies in a plane located outwardly from the bottoms of the seats and inwardly from the crests of the projections.

16. A tile for furnace construction consisting of a refractory block of primarily quadrilateral cross section and having a support-engaging portion at one of its ends, said support-engaging portion being in-set to a greater distance from one side of the block than from the other, said block having a lateral face formed with longitudinally running series of transversely extending seats and projections, the inner ends of the projections in respective series being in alignment longitudinally of the block and being beveled, the seats of one series being in alignment transversely of the block with the projections of the adjacent series and the crests of the projections being somewhat narrower than the bottoms of the seats.

17. A tile as specified in claim12 and wherein the opposite sides of the block are formed with projections and seats extending transversely thereof, the seats on each side being opposite to the projections on the other, the projections being narrow and the seats being of a width sufficient to receive the opposite projections.

18. A tile for furnace arch construction consisting of a refractory block of primarily quadrilateral cross section, said block having a lateral face formed adjacent its side margins with projections arranged in series running longitudinally thereof and with the projections in each series interspaced by seats, the projections in one series being aligned transversely of said face with those in the other series but being spaced therefrom by intervening seats; the transversely aligned projections being of like width longitudinally of said'face and the seats being of width appropriate to receive the projections; said block being formed at one end with a support-engaging portion disposed asymmetrically of said face.

19. A tile as specified in claim 18 and in which i the length of each of said intervening seats is at least as great as the combined length of the marginal projections between which'it is interposed.

20. A tile for furnace construction consisting of a refractory block formed adjacent one of itsends with a portion for engaging an anchoring member, said block having opposite faces each formed with a multiplicity of shallow projectionsand seats arranged alternately in a plurality of series starting at the opposite end of the block and running longitudinally of said face, the projections in adjacent series being in staggered relationship, the seats of one series being of size to accommodate the-projections of another series, and the extent of each projection and seatin the directions longitudinally of said face being but a very small fraction of the total length of the face.

21. A refractory furnace tile as specified in claim 20 and wherein said faces of the block adjacent said first mentioned end are flat and lie in planes outwardly beyond the bottoms of the seats and inwardly from the crests of the projections.

22. A refractory furnace tilev as specified in claim 20 and wherein the opposite sides of the block are formed each with a series oftrans- -versely extending projections and seats disposed diverge abruptly from the normal surface planes of said faces, the sides of the projections forming sides of seats. which are disposed alternately with the projections in the series, the projections in juxtaposed series being in staggered relationship and seats and projections in different series'being aligned transversely of said faces so that the ends of projections form the ends of seats so aligned with them, the seats being of width suflicient toaccommodate projections of adjacent tiles corresponding to those which are aligned with said seats, and the block being formed at one end with a portion for retentive engagement with on anchoring member.

24. A furnace tile as specified in claim 23 and wherein said series of projections and seats begin at one end of said faces and occupy the greater portion of the length of said faces.

25. A furnace tile as specified in claim 23 and wherein each of the opposite sides of 'the block is formed with a longitudinally running series of transversely extending projections interspaced by seats, the seats on each of said sides being opposite projections on the other of said sides and being respectively of size such as to accommodate the opposed projection of a similar adjacent tile.

26. A furnace construction, comprising spaced anchoring members, and a plurality of courses of like refractory tiles extending transversely of said anchoring members, said tiles having twoway anchorage elements at one end engaging said anchoring members in alternate directions, the longitudinal median line of the anchorage elements of said tiles being offset with respect to the longitudinal center line of said tiles, each tile having a projection on its face on one side of said longitudinal median line and a corresponding seat on the other side thereof, the longitudinal positions of said projection and seat relative to the anchorage elements being the same and their positions with respect to said longitudinal median line being the same, the tiles in alternate courses being reversed to provide broken joints and to present like faces of' said tiles in contact, and the projections on the faces of said tiles engaging the seats on the tiles of the adjacent courses. 1

2'7. A furnace construction, comprising space anchoring members, a plurality of courses of like refractory tile anchored to said anchoring members so that the joints in adjacent courses are staggered, said tiles being substantially identical and each having a two-way anchorage member ofl'set so that its longitudinal median line is spaced laterally from the center line of the tile,

I and a plurality of corresponding projections and seats on each of opposite faces of the'tile symmetrically positioned with respect to said longitudinal median line, the tiles in adjacent courses being mounted to said anchoring members in laterally reversed positions and the seats of each of said tile being in engagement with the pro-- jectionson the like faces of the tiles in the adjacent courses.

28. A tile for furnace construction, comprising a refractory block having opposite faces each divided into a main section and a laterally ofi- "same, and a two-way anchorage portion at the end of said main sections and shaped to engage said tile with an anchoring member with said offset section positioned in either lateral direction but with the main sections in the same location relative to the anchoring member.

29. A furnace arch, comprising spaced anchoring members, and a plurality of courses of tile of the type described in claim 28 supported thereon, the tile in adjacent courses having their offset sections oppositely directed to provide broken joints, the seats of said main sections engaging the projections of the main sections of tile in adjacent courses and the offset sections of .tile in adjacent courses overlapping one another.

30. A tile for furnace arch construction, comprising a refractory block having opposite faces and a two-way suspension member at one end thereof for supporting said tile eccentrically, each of said faces having a plurality of corresponding projections and seats on opposite sides of the longitudinal center line of said suspension member, the longitudinal positions of corresponding projections and seats with respect to the longitudinal center line of the suspension member being the same and their spacing with respect to said center line being equidistant.

31.'A tile for furnace arch construction comprising a refractory block having a suspension portion at the end thereof shaped for two-way securement to a support member, the vertical median line of said suspension portion being offset laterally with respect to the vertical center line of said block, a vertical .series of alternating transverse ribs and seats on each face of said block with the ribs and seats extending from adjacent the vertical median line of the suspension portion to the lateral margin of said block, and a vertical series of transverse seats and ribs v symmetrically positioned with respect to said series of ribs and seats on the otherside of said median line of the suspension portion, the seats of each of said series being transversely opposite the ribs of the other of said series.

32. A tile for furnace construction, comprising a refractory block having a body portion with a suspension portion at one end thereof, the longitudinal median-line of said suspension portion being laterally offset with respect to the longitudinal center line of said body portion, and saidbody portion being provided with a projection. on one side of said longitudinal median line and a corresponding seat on the other side thereof, said projection and seat being equidistantiy positioned with respect to said longitudinal median line alonga line perpendicular thereto.

-' LOUIS H. nossnm.

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