CN105819713B - A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln - Google Patents
A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105819713B CN105819713B CN201610412353.1A CN201610412353A CN105819713B CN 105819713 B CN105819713 B CN 105819713B CN 201610412353 A CN201610412353 A CN 201610412353A CN 105819713 B CN105819713 B CN 105819713B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wedge
- arch brick
- brick
- kiln body
- tail end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/28—Arrangements of linings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln, it is made up of the port arch brick, kiln body arch brick and tail end arch brick of wedge structure, it is characterized in that, port arch brick is made up of wedge point and wedge bottom, the side of port arch brick is wedge-shaped end face, and sharp and wedge bottom the side of wedge is provided with the step with kiln body arch brick joint match；Wedge sharp building block and wedge bottom building block of the kiln body arch brick by integrative-structure are constituted, and the end of wedge point building block and wedge bottom building block is respectively equipped with the step with port arch brick, another kiln body arch brick or tail end arch brick joint match；Tail end arch brick is made up of the sharp chock of wedge and wedge bottom plug block, and the side of tail end arch brick is wedge-shaped tail surface, and the side of wedge point chock and wedge bottom plug block is provided with the step with kiln body arch brick joint match.With build by laying bricks or stones conveniently, the good effect that speed of application is fast, interface is smooth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick for being used to build calcined limestone inner liner of rotary kiln layer by laying bricks or stones, belongs to refractory material
Field；With anti-strip, anti-thermal shock, it is corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, build by laying bricks or stones conveniently, the good good effect of airtight performance.
Background technology
The workspace of rotary kiln can be divided into three sections, i.e. drying and preheating section, calcining section, cooling section.For example：Cement, fire resisting
The calcination rotary kilns such as material, oil well fracturing propping agents, lime.The effect of inner liner of rotary kiln brick is to ensure three works in stove
Make area's temperature has reliable and stable physical property in the range of technological requirement；For example, anti-strip, anti-thermal shock, high RUL, resistance to
Grind performance.In the prior art, inner liner of rotary kiln brick is divided into flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer；The technological deficiency of presence is：Brick-building art
During complicated, use, flame retardant coating and heat-insulation layer easily depart from, fire resisting and poor thermal insulation property, and service life is short, actual life
For 8-10 months.Cause maintenance time length, production cost high, hence it is evident that the economic benefit of influence enterprise.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick for being used to build calcined limestone inner liner of rotary kiln layer by laying bricks or stones；
With anti-strip, anti-thermal shock, it is corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, build by laying bricks or stones conveniently, the good good effect of airtight performance, to overcome existing skill
Defect present in art and deficiency.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs such technical scheme：The perpendicular wedge-shaped fire resisting of the Limestone rotary kiln
Brick, is made up of the port arch brick, kiln body arch brick and tail end arch brick of wedge structure, it is characterised in that port arch brick by
Wedge is sharp and wedge bottom is constituted, and the side of port arch brick is wedge-shaped end face, and sharp and wedge bottom the side of wedge is provided with and kiln body arch brick kiss
Close the step of matching；Wedge sharp building block and wedge bottom building block of the kiln body arch brick by integrative-structure are constituted, wedge point building block and wedge bottom building block
End be respectively equipped with step with port arch brick, another kiln body arch brick or tail end arch brick joint match；Tail end wedge
Shape brick is made up of the sharp chock of wedge and wedge bottom plug block, and the side of tail end arch brick is wedge-shaped tail surface, wedge point chock and wedge bottom plug block
Side is provided with the step with kiln body arch brick joint match.
The making raw material of the port arch brick, kiln body arch brick and tail end arch brick are respectively：Mullite, corundum,
Carborundum, silicon powder, Guangxi white clay, carbon, expandable polystyrene.By preparation method system of the above-mentioned raw materials according to normal refractory brick
Into perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick finished product.
The use for making raw material and parts by weight of port arch brick of the present invention, kiln body arch brick and tail end arch brick
Amount, specification (specification refers to the granularity of each raw material), drawn by largely being put into practice and groping to summarize, each component consumption with
Specification all has ideal effect in the scope.It is embodied in good anti-strip, anti-thermal shock, corrosion resistant
Erosion, anti abrasive performance, and good airtight performance.Utilize port arch brick of the present invention, kiln body arch brick and tail end wedge
The Limestone rotary kiln of shape brick masonry, finds through practical application, and average life is 3-5, is 1-2 times of like product.
In addition, from the concrete structure of the present invention, and be verified in construction, with building by laying bricks or stones, convenience, speed of application are fast, dock
The smooth good effect in face.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the concrete structure of port arch brick 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is A direction views shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is B direction views shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the front view of the concrete structure of kiln body arch brick 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is A direction views shown in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is B direction views shown in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the front view of the concrete structure of tail end arch brick 3 of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is A direction views shown in Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is B direction views shown in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is that the inner liner of rotary kiln layer built by laying bricks or stones using port arch brick 1, kiln body arch brick 2 and tail end arch brick 3 is specific
Structural representation；
Figure 11 is A-A sectional views shown in Figure 10.
Embodiment
As illustrated, a kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln of the present invention, by the port wedge shape of wedge structure
Brick 1, kiln body arch brick 2 and tail end arch brick 3 are constituted, it is characterised in that port arch brick 1 is made up of wedge point 11 and wedge bottom 12,
The side of port arch brick 1 is wedge-shaped end face 10, and the side at wedge point 11 and wedge bottom 12 is provided with and the joint match of kiln body arch brick 2
Step；Wedge sharp building block 20 and wedge bottom building block 21 of the kiln body arch brick 2 by integrative-structure are constituted, wedge point building block 20 and wedge bottom building block 21
End be respectively equipped with step with port arch brick 1, another kiln body arch brick 2 or the joint match of tail end arch brick 3；Tail end
Arch brick 3 is made up of the sharp chock 30 of wedge and wedge bottom plug block 31, and the side of tail end arch brick 3 is wedge-shaped tail surface 32, wedge point chock 30
Side with wedge bottom plug block 31 is provided with the step with the joint match of kiln body arch brick 2.
As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, the cylinder built by laying bricks or stones using port arch brick 1, kiln body arch brick 2 and tail end arch brick 3 is justified
Tubular Limestone rotary kiln inner liner, the two ends of Limestone rotary kiln inner liner are respectively port arch brick 1 and tail end arch brick 3
The flat end face of composition, center section is the kiln body arch brick 2 of continuous joint match；With combine it is tight, build by laying bricks or stones conveniently, construction
The good effect that speed is fast, interface is smooth.
The port arch brick 1, the making raw material of kiln body arch brick 2 and tail end arch brick 3, specification and parts by weight difference
It is：
1. 5-10 parts of mullite --- specification 3-5mm --- parts by weight；
2. 5-10 parts of corundum --- specification 2-3mm --- parts by weight；
3. 8-15 parts of carborundum --- specification 0.075-1mm --- parts by weight；
4. silicon powder --- 0.15-1.5 parts of parts by weight；
5. 5-10 parts of Guangxi white clay --- specification 0.088mm --- parts by weight；
6. carbon --- 2-5 parts of parts by weight；
7. expandable polystyrene --- 0.1-0.2 parts of parts by weight.
Perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick finished product is made according to the preparation method of normal refractory brick in above-mentioned raw materials.Port of the present invention
Arch brick 1, the consumption of the making raw material of kiln body arch brick 2 and tail end arch brick 3 and parts by weight, (specification refers to each original to specification
The granularity of material), drawn by largely being put into practice and groping to summarize, each component consumption and specification all have in the scope
There is ideal effect.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln, by the port arch brick (1) of wedge structure, kiln body arch brick (2) and
Tail end arch brick (3) is constituted, it is characterised in that port arch brick (1) is made up of wedge sharp (11) and wedge bottom (12), port arch brick
(1) side is wedge-shaped end face (10), and the side of wedge point (11) and wedge bottom (12) is provided with and kiln body arch brick (2) joint match
Step；Kiln body arch brick (2) is made up of the sharp building block (20) of wedge of integrative-structure and wedge bottom building block (21), wedge point building block (20) and wedge
The end of bottom building block (21) is respectively equipped with kisses with port arch brick (1), another kiln body arch brick (2) or tail end arch brick (3)
Close the step of matching；Tail end arch brick (3) is made up of the sharp chock (30) of wedge and wedge bottom plug block (31), and the one of tail end arch brick (3)
Side is wedge-shaped tail surface (32), the side of wedge point chock (30) and wedge bottom plug block (31) provided with and kiln body arch brick (2) joint match
Step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610412353.1A CN105819713B (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2016-06-14 | A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610412353.1A CN105819713B (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2016-06-14 | A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105819713A CN105819713A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| CN105819713B true CN105819713B (en) | 2017-09-29 |
Family
ID=56532229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610412353.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105819713B (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2016-06-14 | A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105819713B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107619205B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2023-04-11 | 上海宝冶冶金工程有限公司 | Double-chamber lime shaft kiln fire-resistant lining combination device |
| IT202000002809A1 (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2021-08-12 | Praha Global Consultancy Sro | ROTATING OVEN, ESPECIALLY FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTE |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2119051C3 (en) * | 1971-04-20 | 1981-01-29 | Brohltal-Deumag Ag Fuer Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse, 5401 Urmitz | Refractory wedge |
| CN2581919Y (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-22 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Lining for rotary kiln |
| CN2583596Y (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2003-10-29 | 张清泉 | Folding wedge-type firebrick |
| CN202562277U (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-11-28 | 宜兴市海科耐火材料制品有限公司 | Brick of spherical furnace top |
| CN205676367U (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 刘伟 | A kind of Limestone rotary kiln erects wedge shape refractory brick |
-
2016
- 2016-06-14 CN CN201610412353.1A patent/CN105819713B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2119051C3 (en) * | 1971-04-20 | 1981-01-29 | Brohltal-Deumag Ag Fuer Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse, 5401 Urmitz | Refractory wedge |
| CN2583596Y (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2003-10-29 | 张清泉 | Folding wedge-type firebrick |
| CN2581919Y (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-22 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Lining for rotary kiln |
| CN202562277U (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-11-28 | 宜兴市海科耐火材料制品有限公司 | Brick of spherical furnace top |
| CN205676367U (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 刘伟 | A kind of Limestone rotary kiln erects wedge shape refractory brick |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105819713A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102788497A (en) | Special composite firebrick for rotary kiln and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103664205B (en) | Thermal shock-resistant low-expansion andalusite castable | |
| CN103130524B (en) | Energy-saving light cordierite-mullite kiln furnace material, kiln furnace and preparation method of material | |
| CN105924024B (en) | Lime stone erects type inner lining of kiln refractory brick | |
| CN105565794A (en) | Preparation method of low-heat-conductivity magnesia-alumina spinel brick | |
| CN105819713B (en) | A kind of perpendicular wedge-shaped refractory brick of Limestone rotary kiln | |
| CN106595314A (en) | Rotary kiln liner structure and laying method | |
| CN105669244A (en) | Cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material with high thermal shock resistance | |
| CN104086190B (en) | A kind of kiln head cover spray material | |
| CN205740773U (en) | Limestone erects type inner lining of kiln refractory brick | |
| CN104556962A (en) | Yellow sintered landscape brick and production method thereof | |
| CN104876605A (en) | Refractory brick for boiler | |
| CN205676367U (en) | A kind of Limestone rotary kiln erects wedge shape refractory brick | |
| CN102183146A (en) | Integral casting technology of vertical limekiln working lining | |
| CN101811882A (en) | Composite bauxite-silicon nitride wear-resistant brick for large cement kiln and production method thereof | |
| CN202182612U (en) | Lining structure of vertical lime pit | |
| CN103204686B (en) | Sagger brick and masonry fire clay for firing sliding bricks by buried carbon | |
| CN213687864U (en) | High-aluminum refractory brick | |
| CN204510659U (en) | A kind of Ceramic Tiles combination being applicable to body of wall external corner | |
| CN207132714U (en) | A kind of cement kiln preformed bricks fireproof construction | |
| CN106946578A (en) | A kind of limekiln permanent robust type insulating brick | |
| CN103641506B (en) | The fire-resistant pointing of petroleum industry and construction technology | |
| CN106220155A (en) | High RUL andalusite composite refractory brick and its preparation method and application | |
| CN201104110Y (en) | Rotary kiln inner lining fire-proof material raising brick with novel structure | |
| CN206073717U (en) | A kind of rotary kiln composite brick with multiple effect of heat insulation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170929 Termination date: 20180614 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |