US1588568A - Power-producing system - Google Patents

Description

June 15,1926. 1,588,568

v A. w. BENNIS POWER PRODUCING SYSTEM Filed March 25, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 wllqesses.

N. Wjwwll.

A. W. BENNIS POWER PRODUCING SYSTEM June 15 1926.

Filed Mar h 25, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 15 1926.

A. W. BENNIS POWER PRODUCING SYSTEM Filed March 25 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 @L wsimw a? MU Patented June 15, 1926.

were oweaeow lse $Y$TEM- application March 23, 1820, Serial No. 368,18}, and in Englanq Ma reh 12, 1919p enema!) unnra'ma rnovrsrous or rnagaer or MARCH 1921,j41srA1 :.,-L., 1313..

This invention relates to improvements in power producing plant using SOllCl fuel including coke ovens,-r.etorts, gas producers or the-likehavingmeans for the' recovery, of distillates'or by products and also ins eluding conveyors, elevators or other labour saving appliances, mechanical stokers and so forth which require for their driving, auxiliary apparatus; In contra-distinction to certain power producing systems where the steam necessary for the carboni zati'on of the fuel in the gas producers or the like has been obtained as bleed steam "fi om the steam supply to the main turblnes or other maln generatmg plant whereas in the arrangement of the present invention steam forsueh purposes is obtained from the exhaust piping from the engines driving the auxiliaries of the Pl Such supply can be augmented by bleed steam when and only when, according to the present invention, pressure of this bleed steam rises above a'predetermined point. i The invention more particularly described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which 7 Figural is a diagram of a complete power system or plant,

Figure'Q, i s'a' view on an enlarged scale of a'modified coking device or'retort, and the devices for conveying coke from produce].- to grate" under boiler another discharge pomt.

V C tion,"

Figure 4; is a section on the line AB of Fio'. 2. Fig. '5 is a detail diagrammatic section of thje automaticvalve. i

lfuel such as coal is fed to one or a group Fi ure 3 'is a" similar View of a modifica ofretorts, coke ovens or the like 1, by means of a fuel feeder 2, this" retortor coking chamber-may have if desired "as shownfa steam jacket 3. Low pressure superheated steam passes into this retort, through a row of ports {l communicating'with a low pressure superheated steam main 5, having a ess r relief rare it T e as ed re or alternatively to passes continuously-out oiithe retort and h d ll e pass s away into. a Pipev Unlike usual forms ofcolring retorts, ovens the l k s rv ces,- in 'the'-p.r en i .lyeni n a al r i quiv nt is predated a he lower pa -t, t y-mean o wh c he sc p of a y Po t on of; he istillate the steam, (if used) will be substantially'p fe vented at the. discharge pointot the retort, and consequently also unpredetermined,ens trance of air or gasv flforn the outside "of the retort F inwardly. This gas seal may consist of an air or water cooled rotating drum 8 (Fig.2) which will allow of a continuous discharge'of'coked p'rofdufct Whilst preventing any substantial fl'ow ofgas or again'fleither additionally or alternatively the discharge endof the retort may be pro vided with an elongated'extension 9,- water, jacketed if desired,and provided With means such as pipes 10, 11, 12,;foIf-al-loWi-ng cone trollable amounts of steaml'toenterwas a baffling or pressure steam preventingTescape 01": gas or steam'outwar'dly.

In. a modified. form of the devicethe mass of' coked fuel in the retort is adapted to leave thisretort through-ua Water seal 13, (Fig, 3) which may serve the double purpose of generating the coke,acting as" a water seal and generating *steain, which" steam can be led awaythrough a'steam main 14' to a low pressureturbine'15f' Thislat te'r may bearranged in" series witha'hi'gh: pressure turbine 16 so that"e xhaust from this latter can also feed' it. A stop valve 17, is provided to shut o'fi ithe'pipe" lfl from the steam from the turbine" 16} when the particular retort 1 is "not in use. ,After passage through the' low lpreissure turbine 15, the water from the hotwe'l'l'o'f *the con den ser 18, may be used in the power-"system cycle as will" be hereinafter describedi 19, represents any form of usefuhcl'evice' such as an electric dynamo ir'om the" turbines: Steam from the'mainfl may be l'ed'to' a pipe 20"'for heating boilerffeed water, 'for instance in a device 21 otany n ual' known p v I were at the we t e s al irar be maintained constant by an automatic ball-cock 22 or the like controlling a water inlet 23. Where the fuel contains sulphur means for neutralizing the acidity of the water may be used.

The coked fuel may be discharged as above indicated by a rotating drum or again by means of a travelling platform or-the like 24 comprising metal links, steam or air cooled.

The air inlets to the sealing chamber as described above, may be fed frornpipes 25, communicating with the same main 26, as feeds the compressed air furnace 27, fed with the coked fuel. This compressed air is supplied by a forced draught fan 28 driven by a steam auxiliary 29, exhausting steam into an auxiliary exhaust steam bus line or main 30, and fed from the high pressure steam main 31. This steam main receives steam from the superheater 32, of the boiler 33, heated by the saidfurnace 27 and is maintained at substantially constant pressure.

The furnace 27 may comprise a chain. grate or similar stoker 3 1. This grate may conveniently be of the type of British patent application No. 5,542 of 1917 A. V. Bennis.

The boiler and grate are placed in a suitable position for receiving the coked or partially coked fuel as it is delivered, so that the boiler and grate form a structural or operating part of the retort or the like 1. It is preferred to employ a grate or mechanical stoking bars having adjustable speeds of travel so that-the relation'or rate of feed between the conveying device, drum or the like discharging device of the retort 1, to the grate or stoker may be adjusted one to the other sothat the thickness of fire on the chain grate may be varied and may be adjusted to suit the characteristics of the fuel. Any known type of draught may be used.

The highly superheated steam supply to the main 5, for the carbonization of the fuel is obtained either from a superheater or any desired independent boiler which may be provided'with automatic means for the control of the super-heat or this may be arranged as at 35, damper plates 36, being provided to control the passage of the furnace gases fro1n,.the furnace 27 through the by-pass flue in which it is situated. The steam to supply this superheater 35, is taken from a number or all of the several steam driven auxiliaries.

The boiler flue 37 is connected to a boiler feedwater economizer 38 and a service hot water economizer 39. The flue gases are drawn away by an exhauster l0 driven by a turbine 41 or the like prime mover receiving steam from the pipe line 31 and exhausts into the main 30.

The gases from the retort 1 pass from the pipe 7, into a combined condenser and cooler purposes.

42, having a sump 13, from which distillates are collected for further treatment or sale. In order to assist the flow of the distillate through the condensing, scrubbing and other by-product recovery apparatus gas exhauster 14: is connected to the condenser or the like plant 412 which passes the gases to final cooling and stripping appa- 'ratus 45 and 46, the stripped gas being led away by a pipe &7 to be combusted at any place desired for power, heating or other The exhauster 4A, of each retort 1, or group of retorts or like plant is operated in unison with'the other exhauster 76, fans or similar devices operating in combination so that the amount of highly superheated steam when employed for oarbonization may be maintained at an appropriate proportion to the amount of distillate withdrawn from the retort or the like device 1.

Vater from the condensing water dis charge sump 48, or other convenientplace is led by pipe 19 to a. suction pump 50 sending it through. pipe 51 to the condenser and cooler 42 where it is heated, and from whence it passes by pipes 52 to the economizer 39 mentioned above, after which it is passed into a hot water service main 53 to be put to any desired industrial use. This service main 53, is also fed from the pipe 5 1 connected to the bleed-steam heater 55 receiving water from the delivery pump 50 and bleed steam from the bleed steam exhaust bus line or pipe 56.

In order to secure the utmost reduction of initial cost of plant and to attain a maximum operating economy it is preferred to employ turbine generators for the generation of electric energy which may be secured from the combined power plant. If in sizes larger than 15,000 kilowatt generating capacity turbogenerators of the compound. type may be used, each unit comprising a high pressure turbine 57 and low pressure turbine 58, driving the generator 59. The turbines 57 and 58 are connected by a connecting pipe 60 which is provided with an outlet pipe 61 having an atmospheric relief valve 62 and connected to a pipe 63 for the supply of bleed steam when desired for the feed water heater 64:,- and service water heater 55, and further as will beset forth below.

In order to obtain maximum reliability of the power plant and to facilitate the starting up of the engine or electric generating equipment in the event of a temporary interruption of the electric service from such equipment by reason of an accident, it is preferred to use steam driven auxiliaries for the general auxiliary power requirements of the combined plant such as steam driven. condensing water circulating pump 65, taking water from the supply 66 and passing it to the pipe 67 leading to the main condenser 68 for the dew pressure turbine 58, the steam driven air pump 69 for the condenser 68, the steam driven 70, for the hot well 71, of the condenser 68, which passes the hot water to the feed water heater 64- through pipe 72, the steam driven boiler feed'pump 73 taking water from theheater 64: and pas'singit through pipe 74- to the boiler feed water economizer 38 and thence by pipe 75 to the boiler 33, the steam driven hot water service pump 50 and the exhaust steam circulator 76. steam driven fan 28 and exhauster 44;, and the like auxiliaries, the driving engines being preferably noncondensing steam turbines.

The auxiliary steam exhaust bus pipe 30 receives exhaust steam from all these auxiliaries, and this pipe supplies exhaust steam through pipe 77 to steam circulating pipes 79 at the side of the grate and other parts to be cooled to the low pressure steam superheater 35 and thence by pipe 5 to the retort 1, for the carbonization of the fuel.

Any excess of steam not so required may be passed into a bleed steam exhaust bus line 56 from whence it may pass into the low pressure section of any or all of the turbines or turbo-generators or it may be used to heat the feed water or alternatively the before mentioned service water or both as above described, or in the case of emergency the exhaust steam in the pipe line 30 may be discharged directly into the atmosphere by conduit 80 controlled by automatic devices such as the automatic valve 81. This delivery of steam from the exhaust steam main 30 to the bleed steam bus line 56 oc curs through the check valve through the valving means indicated at 85 comprising the check valve and the manually controlled valve in series therewith.

In order to provide for emergency such as a stoppage of the supply of exhaust steam to the auxiliary exhaust bus line 30 and in certain cases for the purpose of maintaining continuity of the supp y of steam to the high temperature superheatcr 35 for the process of carbonization, an emergency steam connection 83 is provided between the high pressure main steam supply 31 and the steam line 56, and in thi connection 83 an automatic reducin valve 84 is placed so that whenever steam pressure in the pipe 56 falls below a predetermined value, then the valve will open to the high pressure steam supply to maintain a constant steam supply pressure in the pipe 56.

It will be noticed that an automatic valve is arranged between the auxiliary exhaust bus line 30 and the bleed'steam exhaust bus line 56 whereby steam from the auxiliary bus line 30 is passed into the pipe 56 whenever the pressure of steam in this latter falls below a predetemnined desired hot well pump I boiler limitas needed for heating the feed water or'the hot water service system.

The automatic reducing valve 84' may be of any de'siredjtype, for example, that showninFig: 5, in which, when the pressureun the bus line 56 has fallen to a certain extent, and thepressure 1n the exhaust pipe linefidisinsuilicient tosupply the demand,

in Fig. 5, such a valve may have a valve head 84! held upon its seat by the weight 84 which may be regulated by the addition of disks as desired: the spindle 84 of this valve passes through a suitable packing joint 84 The method of operation is obvious; and it will be understood that any other similar construction may be employed.

I declare that what I claim is l. A power producing plant comprising a steam prime mover, a plurality of steam driven auxiliaries, to said prime mover, a supplying steam thereto, a furnace heating said boiler, a gas producer, means to pass heat fuel to said producer, means to pass coke from said gas producer to said furnace, an exhaust pipe common to said steam driven auxiliaries, means to pass steam from said exhaust pipe to said gas producer to carbonize the fuel therein, a

bleed steam pipe to take off steam from the prime mover to heat water and an automatic valve on said steam pipe so that steam may pass in one direction from the exhaust pipe of the auxiliaries to the bleed steam pipe whenever the pressure in this latter falls below a predetermined value.

2. A power producing plant'comprising a steam prime mover, a plurality of steam driven auxiliaries to said prime mover, a boiler supplying steam thereto, a furnace heating said boiler, a gas producer, means to pass heat fuel to said producer, means to pass coke from said producer to said furnace, an exhaustpipe common to said steam driven auxiliaries, means to pass steam from said exhaust pipe to said gas producer to carbonize the fuel therein, a high pressure steam main, a reducing valve on said high pressure steam main, a bleed steam pipe connected to'said reducing valve for passing steam to heat water and an automatic nonreturn valve between said bleed steam pipe andtheexhaust pipe of the auxiliaries so that steam may pass in one direction whenever the pressure in the bleed steam pipe falls below a predetermined value.

3. A power producing plant comprising a steam prime mover, a plurality of auxiliaries, condensing steam turbines driving said auxiliaries, a boiler supplying steam thereto, a furnace heating said boiler, a gas pros Tdueer, means to pass heat iuel to said proautomatic valve on said. steam pipe so that i" ducer, means to pass coke from said gas steam may pass in one direction from the producer to said furnace, an exhaust pipe exhaust pipe of the auxiliaries to the bleed 10 common to said steam driven auxiliaries, steam pipe Whenever the pressure in this lat- 5 means to pass steam from said exhaust pipe ter falls below a predetermined Value.

to said gas producer to carbonize the fuel In Witness whereof, 1 have hereunto therein, a bleed steam pipe to take oil steam signed my name. from the prime mover to heat Water and an ALFRED WILLIAM BENNIS.

Images