US1582779A - Knitting machine of the raschel or chaine type - Google Patents

Description

April 27. 1926.

V J. E. PHlLIPPE KNITTING MACHINE OF THE RASCHEL OR CHAINE TYPE Filed May 23, 1924 4 Sheets$heet 1 April 27 1926. 1,582,779

7 J. E. PHILIPPE KNITTING MACHINE OF THE RASCHEL 0R CHAIN E TYPE Filed May 25, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Emm April 27, 1926. v 1,582,779

J. E. PHILIPPE KNITTING MACHINE OF THE RASCHEL 0R CH AINE T YPE Filed May 23, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Egg.

Patented Apr. 27, 1926.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES EUGENE PHILIPPE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

KNITTING MAcHINnor THE RASOHEL on GHAINE TYPE.

Application filed May 2'3, 1924. Serial No. 715,417.

to knitting frames known as Raschel or Chains. In the known machine the jacquard displaces. either the heddles individually and independently of the needles, or displaces the needles individually and independently of the heddles, the actuation of the displacing members being effected by means of cords. I In the case of the knitting machine according to the invention, the jacquard falls into the first category, that is to say, it moves the heddles individually and independently of the needles. Up to the present, the movement of the heddles was obtained in r three ways: either by a displacement in a transverse direction by introducing a pin between two heddles, in such a manner that the heddle executes its swinging movement in the same interval and therefore its yarn was not placed in the corresponding needle, or again, by moving the heddle out of the plane of the heddles, in which case the yarn in question was held in front of the needle and was not seized by the needle in spite of r the swinging movement of the bar. In both cases, advantage is taken of the flexibility of the heddles, but this practice is subject to the drawback that it destroys the parallel arrangement of the heddles in certain cases, the needles are moving in their own plane, i. e. in a prolongation of theirlength.

In thearrangement according to the present. invention:

(1) The heddles are raised and lowered r in their own plane.

(2) The jacquard is not actuated by cords but by means of a new device in which pins engage at a given moment beneath the feet of the heddles and raise them. The placing 59 of a thread upon a needleis therefore prevented by the fact that the heddle in question is raised during the swinging movement of the bar. The raising of the heddles is effected by means of cylinders having pins which are arranged upon the heddle-bars and act'directly upon the feet of the heddles; each heddle being provided with a hook which bears against the cylinder in such a manner that when a hook meets a projection or a pin, the corresponding heddle is raised,

- taking with it its yarn and this yarn can no longer be seized by a needle. Lowering of the heddle is effected by a returning spring and by this means it is possible to act individually upon each thread and to cause it to appear, or not, on the surface of the cloth. But, since it is not possible to cause a thread to disappear without altering the texture of the product, it is necessary that every thread which disappears shall be replaced by another thread taken from another heddlebar, also actuated by a jacquard and in consequence it is necessary to have at least two bars actuated by a acquard. In the case of patterns whlch recur continuously, a cyl1nder, having pins, could be used; larger patterns necessitate the use of cards and, according to this invention, the cards are led to a cylinder in which are arranged rods or pistons which are forced outwardly so as to'project from the cylinder. The only pistons which can project are those in front of which there is a hole in the card, while the others cannot project.

The separate methods of carrying out the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical section of a cylinder provided with fixed projections adapted to act upon the heddles.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of this cylinder.

Fig. 3'is a transverse section of a form of execution, with jacquard card, having two movableheddle-bars.

Fig. 4i is a longitudinal section'ofFiglB, the jacquard cylinders and the card being shown in elevation.

Fig. 5 represents, on a larger scale, a transverse section of a jacquard cylinder with movable pins.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section ofv this cylinder.

Fig. 7 shows a transverse section of a jacquarding cylinder of the same principle of a type which is more simple as regards as sembling.

F S is a transverse section of the inachine; showing the arrangement of the two jacquardized heddle-bars with pusher tubes of the type shown in Fig. 7, enclosed by two ordinary l'ieddle-bars, this method of assembling corresponding to the special fabric forming the subject of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a side view corresponding to Fig. 8 and showing the means for transmitting movement applied to the various cylinders carrying pins, well as to the guiding cylinders of the jacquard card.

Figure 10 shows a portion of the fabric and illustrates the meshes of the front thickness and the weft-threads connecting these meshes.

In the examples shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cylinder 1 designed to actuate the heddles, has upon its periphery, projections 3 intended to raise the hoolrs 9 of the heddles 4 to an extent suflicient to enable the thread passed through the eye 5, to escape from the needle, a returning spring 8 is mounted upon each of the heddles and brings them back into their lower-most position, in which they are arrested by the butt 6 as soon the projection 23 has passed. This diagrammatic arrangement could evidently only he applicable to the re-production of patterns of restricted design, since limits are imposed by the development of the cylinder, whose circumference corresponds to the length of the pattern; in this way, in Figs. 5 and 6, a device has been conceived which is adaptable to any patterns and utilizing jacquard cards. This device comprises a supporting half cylinder 10; air under low pressure is admitted into the hollow half cylinder 11 and the half cylinder 10 carries two concentric cylinders 12 and 13 connected together which can turn thereupon. The cylinder 13 is perforated by a number of holes uniformly distributed about its circumference in which the pushers 15 can slide; the head 16 of each said pushers bears upon thepcriphery of the cylinder 12, which latter is provided with openings 17 for the passage of the air under pressure contained in the hollow half cylinder 11, in such a manner that it acts upon theheads 16 and tends to push them outwardly; if a jacquard card is laid upon a cylinder of this kind, the pushcrs which are located in front of the solid portion of the card, are held in the interior of the cylinder and those which are in front of a perforation, project outwardly and are thus brought into the necessary position to act upon the heddles and play thesame part as the fixed projections of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. i

In Figs. 3 and 4 there is shown an arrangement of two jacquardized bars provided with this mechanism, and, inorder to comply with the conditions of the finest gauges, the heddles of the odd rowshave been made to co-operate with a first upper cylinder 13, the rods of these heddles being given a greater length than the rods of the heddles of the even rows, which latter correspond to the lower cylinder 13. Two superposed cylinders correspond to the first jacquardized lar 7, two other superposed cylinders correspond to the second jacquardized bar 19, that is to say, four jacquard cards in all.

The practical realization of the pusher tubes, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 presents considcrabl difficulty as regards their initial putting into place and their removal in case of damage. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 7 a very mucn more simple arrangement of these tubes has been devised, though it involves a less er'ii'cient utilization of the paper. The driving cylinders 13 are constituted by a solid shaft, perforated through and through according to its diamete in. such a manner as to present a series of adjacent holes, whose number corresponds to the number of heddles which this cylinueris to actuate. in each of these holes there is arrangeda pusher 15 without a head, capable of projecting from the cylinder under the action of the spring 20,

when the pusher is located in front of a per foration. The cylinder. 13, when turning about its axis can thus only cause two heddles to rise per revolution, the two extremities of the pusher 15 acting alternately. Thanks to this construction, the putting into position of the pushers, which are slipped in from the outside, can be easily effected, and the fact of their wear is of no prejudicial importance; furthermore, the perforation of the tubes is easily eflected by dividing the cylinder into sections and fornr ing, on one of the planes of section, a system of grooves of rectangular section, this section being more suitable than any other for the pusher-s in order to ensure a satisfactory engagement; of the heddles. This novel ar rangenient of the pushers requires, on the other hand, the provision of a casing 22 in which is fixed a spring 20 which resists the fall of the pushers in the region subject to the force of gravity. The jacquard paper 23 slides upon the outer face of this casing before coming into contact with the cylinder 13. The snrings 20 can be manufac; tured in a simple manner by means of blade of the same length as the worring.

are arranged on each side of two jacquard- .ized heddle-bars 7 and 19, in View of the weft efi'ect as Will be described in connection with the fabric. The movable heddles move vertically in grooved brackets and are held therein by counter-plate 26 Which also opposes any bending of the rods of the heddles t under the action of the pushers 15. The rods of the longer heddles of the odd row are furthermore guided in their upper portion by a grooved plate 27. Small helical springs bearing against the plate 27 and upon the brackets 7 and 19 enable the counter-plate 26 to be moved away for the purpose of removing a heddle or putting one in place. The entire set of these driving and guiding tubes relative to a bracket is supported by a member 31 participating in the swinging motion about the square shaft 21 as well as in the movement parallel to this shaft. The four jacquard papers 23 behave in the same way relative to each of their pusher tubes. The paper 23 passes first of all over a guide-tube having pins 2, bears against the casing 22 of the pusher cylinder 13, is guided by the tube 29 having abut ment. pins and then, at the upper portion, by the tube 32 having pins; the four papers all unwinding together, all the guidetubes and pushers take their movement from gears as shown in Fig. 9; a pinion 33, loosely mounted upon the square shaft and receiving its movement from the camshaft. meshes with a pinion 34 mounted upon the guide roller 29; the rotary motion of the guide roller is transmitted by suitable pinions and chains to all the other tubes.

I claim: 7 a i 1. In a knitting machine of the class described, the combination of a needle row, heddles adapted to lay the threads upon the needles of said needle-row, and a rotary cylinder continuously rotated and having pro ections adapted to engage said heddles to move the threads out of reach of said needles.

2. In a knitting machine of the class described, the combination of a needle-row, heddles adapted to lay the threads upon the needles of said needle-row, and a rotary cylinder continuously rotated and having projections adapted to engage certain of said heddles to raise them in the prolongation of their length to move the threads out I returning spring for returning the heddles after their release by the projections.

i. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a needle-row, heddles adapted to lay the threads upon the needles of said needlc-row,a cylinder having perforations, a jacquard card passing over said cylinder and movable pins in said cylinder adapted to move outwardly through holes in said jacquard cardto engage the heddles.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a needle-row, heddles adapted to lay threads upon the needles of said needle-row, a cylinder comprising a series of diametral holes, all formed in the same plane, pins located in said holes, a jacquard passing over said cylinder and springs acting upon said pins to force them outwardly when they register With a hole in the card for the purpose set forth.

JAMES EUGENE PHILIPPE.

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