US1582601A - Centrifugal casting - Google Patents

Description

April 27, 1926. 1,582,661

A. M. HENRY CENTRIFUGAL CASTING Fialed April 4, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet l Tig l My); INVENTOR A. M. HENRY CENTRIFUGAL CASTING April 27 1926. 1,582,601

Filed April 4. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR April 27 1926.

A. M. HENRY CENTRIFUGAL CASTING Filed April 4, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I Patented Apr. 27, 1926.

. umrso s'rrsf'sqrarsu AUGUSTUS M. HENRY, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AssIeNon' mo'wILLrm w.

WEITLING, TRUSTEE, or COLLEGE rbm'r, new Y .1;

CENTRIFUGAL casrrne.

Application filed April 4, 1822. Serial No. 549,488.

, T 0 auto-720m it may concern 2 Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS M. HENRY,

a citizen of th United States, and pesident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and 5 State, of New York, have invented certain to provide a distributer, for the charge of material of which the article is to be cast into the rotating mould, constructed to function according to the general'principles of gperation characteristic of the distributer disclosed in the application of William W. Weitling filed March 31st, 1922, Serial No. 548,394, but wherein the distributer is particularly adapted for employment in connection withmolten metal to make cast iron pipe or tubing having a less outside diameter in the presence of an adequate wall thickness than would be permitted by the VVeitling distributer as its capabilities have been ascertained at this date. Here, in passing, the statement should be made that the present invention, as to the material to be formed into an article by a rotary action, is not intended to be limited to the use of molten metal; although in places in the above language reference is made, for the purpose of convenience of description, to molten metal; in this respect, as in other respects, the appended claims, of course, indicating the scope of the invention.

One of the incidental objects of the present invention, it may here be said, is to provide a type of construction for the Weitling distributer, and for the distributer of the present invention, in which longitudinally the distributer will be rigid, and will not have any tendency so'to curve or be distorted away from its normal center line due to heat expansions as to render the distributer impracticable of use in commercial installations where rapid, constantlymaintained production of pipe is of importance. In this connection, the distributer is preferably constructed of a metal such as invar or the like 50 having such a minute co-efiicient of expansion as practically to defy observation. For example, it has been calculated that if the Veitling distributer, as to its longitudinal wall-or walls, were formed of one-half inch thick invar, and particularly if a longitudinal wall of such distributer were reinforced by a longitudinal internal stifiening r1b of invar having a heighth of about threequarters ofan inch and a thickness of about one-half an inch, the requirements of mechamca-l rigidity would be well met, even w1th the met al-confining compartment of the distributer loaded to its full burden of molten metal just before a casting operation. In this connection, further, it is believed to be desirable to l" e such interior surfaces of the distributer as are intended to contact for an appreciable length of time the molten metal contents, with a shaped piece or pieces of a suitable refractory or/and heat insulatmg material, such as dense graphite or carbon, or the material specified in the application of the undersigned filed May 24, 1921 Serial No. 472,169, or any other suitable ma terial; As to such lining, it has been calculated that the same should have a thickness of approximately one-half an inch. Now the VVeitling distributer, in spite of its manifest advantages, apparently has the limitationthat it may only be employed for making pipe of proper thickness of a certain minimum outside diameter"; and from the remarks preceding it may readily be calculated that the lVeitling distributer cannot well be used to, make pipe of standard thickness of less than six inchesdiameter.

Therefore, as stated at the beginning of this specification, the most important object of the present invention is to provide a distributer constructed to function according to the general principles of operation of the WVeitling distributer, but wherein the distributer is particularly adapted for employment in connection with molten metal to make cast iron pipe or tubing of standard thickness having a less outside diameter than six to eight inches. This object is accomplished here by providing a protuberant, preferably substantially cylindrical reservoir at each of the opposite ends of the distributer with the longitudinal spill edge or edges of the distributer lying between, and wlth the interiors of the reservoirs and the intervening compartment of the distributer constituting a single elongated chamber for holding the complete charge for the casting of a single pipe yet with parts of said charge protruded along the opposite ends of the mould just before a casting operation. It will be readily seen that by making the reservoirs of proper length, a pipe of the smallest imaginable outside diameter could conceivably be cast as the result of initially charging the distributer with the total amount of metal to make the pipe and with such metal to be spilled into the mould by a single fractional rotation or tilt of the distributer.

Another very important object is in mind, and isattained by the foregoing construction; which is this, that by providing in the rotary casting machine a distributor of the present invention, all the benefits of the United States Patent to de Lavaud No. 1,276,038, as to the operative advantages of a sliding mould in spite of the mechanical complexities thereof, are attained, and yet neither mould nor distributor need be moved longitudinally relative to the other to perform a casting operation. Because according to the present invention said terminal reservoirs may each be equipped with a filling hole and plug beyond the bounds of the mould and located on the top of the distributer in its charge-receiving position. It will be readily seen that then the distributor may be given its redetermined charge of molten metal by simultaneously delivering to each of such holes one-half of the predetermined charge from suitable ladles.

Another object of the present invention is to provide various variations of the Weltling pouring edge, some of which, at least, will show operative advantages, particularly in the direction of minimizing the likelihood of mould breakage'due to differing heat expansions in different parts of the mould during a casting operation.

The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, showing illustratively various embodiments of the invention as at present preferred; in which drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section through mould and distributer, the showing being more or less diagrammatic;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the distributer of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken through the distributer on line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3, but taken on the line 4-.-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing only certain of the parts for purposes of simplicity, and disclosing'another embodiment of the invention particularly re lating'to a different design 0 spill edge;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to F 5,- but disclosing a different spill edge for use according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but disclosing still a different spill edge;

Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 7, but disclosing still a different spill edge;

Fig. 9 shows, on a much enlarged scale, the distributer of Fig. 2, but with certain of the parts of Fig. 2 missing and with the distrihuter equipped with a longitudinal stiffening rib and lined with a suitable refractory material or the like; and

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view, taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 9, on a further enlarged scale.

Referring to the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 1, the mould is indicated at 9, mounted for rotation on suitable bearings as indicated at 10. No attempt is made in the drawing to show a bell at one end of the mould as would be useful were the mould used for making belied cast iron pipe, but, of course, the interior formation of the mould is unimportant. The distributer er trough is indicated at 11, and the same may be mounted at either or both ends for tilt by means of a handle 12 as indicated at 13. Such novel bearing 13 is believed to be of some importance, inasmuch as it will be seen thatthe member of the hearing which will expand the more during a series of casting operations is the female member of the bearing.

The pouring edge of the trough is indi cated at 14,-an edge similar to that of the VVeitling distributer. But the distributer 11 is also provided with two reservoirs 15 as shown; the reservoir to the right being bounded in part by semi-circular vertical wall 16 with its diametral boundary lowermost.

As will be seen most clearly from Fig. 1, each reservoir 15 has a filling hole 16 in its top and'beyond the bounds of the mould. Such filling hole has associated therewith quick-acting closing-means for the filling hole; such closing means including a pair of undercut cars 17 on the top of the reservoir and on opposite sides of the filling hole. and a. yoke-nut 18 into which is threaded a bolt 19 having operating spokes 20 and at its other end a ball-and-soeket connection with a plug 21 for the filling hole.

Operation: Except that it may be desirable at the conclusion ofthe preceding casting operation to remove or displace distributer 11 to facilitate removal of the cast pipe. mould 9 and distributer 11 remain fixed as to relative longitudinal movement. and as shown in Fig. 1, during a series of casting operations. With mould 9 empty of a previously cast pipe, distributer 11 may be given its full molten metal by simultaneously delivering approximately one-half of such charge through each of the filling holes 16, the plugs 21 and their associated parts having of course been previously removed. \Vhen the. dist-ributer has received its full charge in the manner foregoing, plugs 21 are quickly clamped into closing position in predetermined charge of V holes 16, and the distributer is quickly tilted to discharge its contents over edge);

obvious that the spill will start at a point- 14 while mould 9 is rotating. A moments study will show that the presence of either 'reservoir' 15 does not. interfere with. the

- functioning of the edge 14 exactly as de- 5 scribed in the said Weitling application, due

to the very presence of such ed and the critically selected rate of tilt of the distributor; despite the fact that such reservoirs 15 at first glance appear to be very similar to vthe reservoir disclosed in United States patent to Millapaugh No. 1,047,972, which latter reservoir is easily demonstrable to be 15 inoperative and recently held so in infringe ment proceedings based thereon.

Referring to the construction shown in Fig. 5, a distributer 21 is provided with reservoirs 25 having filling holes 26, all similar to the corresponding parts in Fig. 1, but the distributer has a pouring edge as indicated at 24. When this distributer is operated according to the invention, it is obvious that the spill will start at two points simultaneously, namely at opposite ends of the mould, and build up the pipe in the mould from the ends toward the center.

Referring to the construction shown in Fig. 6, a distributer 31 is provided with reservoirs 35 having filling holes 36, all.

similar to the corresponding parts in Fig.

' Y 1, but the distributer has a pourlng' edge as indicated at 34. When this distributer is operated according to the invention, it is v obvious .that the spill will start at several separated points simultaneously, nevertheless with the result that the pipe is built up in the mould according to the general principles of the invention. Of course such an edge construction is practicable, very likely, only if the distributer is tilted to deliver its entire charge by a very quick tilt,a.

' quicker tilt than the quick tilt characteristic of the Weitling distributer and even a dicated at 44. When this distributer is tral point of the mould and build up operated according to the invention, it is obvious that the spill will start at the cenipe in the mould from the middle towards 0th ends simultaneously. An advantage of the construction just described is the comparatively large diameter permitted to the reservoirs 45.

Referring to the construction shown in Fig.8, a distributer 51 is provided with reservoirs. 55 having filling holes 56, all similar to the corresponding parts of Fig. 1, but the distributor has-a pouring edge as inthe near the middle of the mould length, thereafter pick up at the op-positeends of the mould simultaneously, and thereafter build at 54. -When this distributer ,is opeg ated according to the invention it is.

up the pipe in the mould by laying in metal to join up the three deposits preliminarily made.

Of course, very likely, the practical utilization of the distributors of Figs. 5, 7 and 8 depends on a quick enough tilt of the distributer to avoid too long an interval between the times, during a single casting operation, when the metal is first deposited at one point or a plurality of separated points and when all metal is deposited metal; but, of course, the present-invention, as it is now understood, preferably involves a very quick rate of tilt.

Referring t Figs. 9 and 10, the distributen 11 of Figs. and 2 has been selected, of course merelyillust-ratively, for the purpose of showing the employment in connection therewith of a longitudinal 'stiflening rib and a suitable anti-chill lining for a dis.- tributer or the employment in such relation of either such rib or liningythe rib and lining being those referred to in the /preamble hereof. As will be seen from Figs. 9

and 10, the distributer 11 is provided with an internal longitudinal stiffening .rib 60 extending throughout the length of the entire distributer and through the length of the entire charge-receiving compartment thereof, that is, through and into both ter minal reservoirs 15. This rib is canted relative to the direction of the tilt of the dis--. tributer, such direction ofcourse being that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 10, to circumvent any pocketing, on tilting the distributer, of a fractional part ofthe predetermined charge delivered to the mould, weresuch rib not employed in connection with the lining shown. This lining is indicated at 61.

0f course, the present invention may be employed to cast at once a plurality of articles or annular cross sections, such as piston rings, as indicated by all or certain of the claims appended. I

I claim: v

1. In a rotary casting machine for making tubular articles having a length at least as great as the inside diameter thereof and of the type wherein the machine includes with the rotary mould a tilting-trough type of distributer having an elongated compartment disposed substantially concentric with the mould axis for holding initially without spill the entire predetermined charge of material for making the desired article and with such compartment having a spill edge in the main inclined relative to the axis of tilt of the distributer whereby on tilting the latter substantially all of said charge is transferred from the compartment. to the mould in a sheet of a width equal at least to the inside diameter of the mould and which sheet is rapidly swept along said edge for a distance greater than said width of said sheet, the combination with said mould of a distributer of the type just defined wherein said distributer is provided with protuberant sections beyond the opposite ends of the mould, each of said sections con taining sub-compartment constituting reservoirs in open communication with the adjacent ends of said elongated compartment.

2. The casting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said compartment and said subcompartments are all arranged substantially in line substantially concentric with the mould axis.

3. The casting machine as defined in claim 1. wherein each of said sub-compartments, beyond the confines ot' the mould, is provided with a filling hole in the top of the sub-compartment with the distributer arranged in charge-receiving position.

4. The casting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein the spill edge of the distributor in the main includes two edge-subdivisions each inclined relative to the axis of'tilt of the distributor. one such edge subdivision running: upwardly in one direction along said axis and the other running downwardly in the same direction along said axis.

The casting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein the spill edge of the distributer in the main includes two edge-subdivisions inclined relative to the axis of the tilt of the distributor. both edge-subdivisions running upwardly in opposite directions along said axis from a point near the middle of the mould to points near the two ends of the mould.

6. In a rotary casting machine for making tubular articles having a length at least as great as the inside diameter thereof and of the type wherein the machine includes with the rotary mould a tilting-trough type of distributer having an elongated compartment disposed substantially concentric with the mould axis for holding initially without spill the entire predetermined charge of material for making the desired article and with such compartment having a spill edge in the ain inclined relative to the axis of tilt of the distributor whereby on tilting the latter substantially all of said charge is transferred from the compartment to the would in a sheet of a width equal at least to the inside diameter of the mould and which sheet is rapidly swept along said edge for a distance greater than said width of said sheet. the combination with said mould of a distributor of the type just defined wherein said distributer is provided with a protuherant section at one end of the mould and containing a subcompartmeut constituting a reservoir in open communication with the adjacent end of said elongated compal tment.

7. The casting machine defined in claim 6, wherein said compartment and sub-compartment are arranged substantially in line substantially concentri with the mould axis.

Signed at New York. in the county of l\'c\v York and State of New York; this 3rd day of April A. D. 1922.

AUGUSTUS M. HENRY.

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