US1581810A - Machine for punching or swaging rims or the like - Google Patents

Description

'l 2 ,1 26. Aprl 9 L PATRICK 1,581,810

MACHINE FOR PUNGHING OR SWAGING IMS OR THE LIKE Filed July a, 1924 s sneets-sheetl lNvNToR' E 1 lmao fail-M,

` By ttorneys,

April 20 1926. l. PATRICK MACHINE FOR PUNCHING 0R swAGING RIMS 0R THE LIKE Filed July 2,1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR April 20, 1926. l. PATRICK MACHINE FOR PUNCHING oR- swAGING RIMS 0R THE LIKE Filed July 2, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR jsmfarc/) Patented Apn 20, 1926.

UNI-TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC PATRICK, OF 'NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO E. W. BLISS COMPANY, OF BROOK- LYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR PUNCHING OR SWAGING RIMS R THE LIKE.

Application 'mea July 2,

To all whom t may concern: Be it known that I, ISAAC PATRICK, a citiy zen of the United States of America, re-

siding in the borough of Queens, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Punching or Swaging Rims or the like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for perforating, embossing, or otherwise punchlng or swagingannular bands such as metal rims, tires, or other similar objects. The punching operation is performed in 'radial directions with respect to the axis of the annulus. The machlne is especially adapted for the simultaneous formation of multiple punchings equally spaced angularly so as to form the punchings 'with equal circumferential spacing. `The machine to be described is especially adapted for the punching of metal rims or felloes for motor car `wheels, although adapted to other analogous uses. ,il

The invention provides a machine including a means for holding or properly gauging or centering the rim to be punched, and a series of punching means preferably equal in number to the punchings to' be made, and arranged radially in a plane coincidirigwith the plane of the axes' of the punchings (assuming the latter to be arranged in a` single plane), and with operating mechanism whereby the punches are driven simultaneously, so that they act alike and equally upon the rim at the stated distance or anguiar intervals :required by the locations in which the punchings are to be formed. The punching means comprise-each 'two coacting punches r,which are reciprocally adapted for performing the type of punching required,

Y as in the case of spokel punclnngs for wheel rims, a hole with'a necked up margin these punches actqfrom the outer and inner sides o f the rim and reciprocally adapt themselves thereto by `both "being made movable in a radial direction, so that as they come together on opposite sides of the stock they assume radial positions in accord with the radii of the' circles describing the inner and outer surfaces 4bf' the stock, and .in being forced together each reacts against the other sothat they indent and emboss the stock of which the rim is made, withoutotherwise aecting or distorting the rim. j.Means are provided for guiding orl gauging ilthe-.rim

being drawn to a 1924. Serial N'o. 723,727.

when placed in position, and for holding it fast during the punchingoperation.

The general nature of the invention being thus indicated, I will proceed to describe in detail the preferred embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a machine for punching and necking up the spoke holes, twelve in number and equidistantly spaced, in a rim for an automobile wheel, the particular rim being of the section shown in Fig. 7. In these drawings,-

Figure l is an oblique elevation looking in the direction of the arrow 1 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a section in a plane transverse to Fig. 2, as indicated by vthe line 3-3, the view being drawn to half the scale of the preceding figures;

Fig. 4 is a radial section through any one of the punching means, aS-indiCated, for eX- ample, by the line in Fig. l, the view larger scale and showing the `punches before operating;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section in the same radial plane as Fig. 4, being ona larger scale. and showing'the punches just after supported on any suitable frame A to whichl is attached a. table B which is referably ar; ranged at an inclination, as s own in Fig. 2, to facilitate applying and removing the rims. A rim undergoing operation is shown at C. It is seated against a bearing ring D and centered thereon by any suitable guiding vor centering means such as a circular series of project-ing lugs d (Fig. 7) projecting from or attached to the ring D, or any other suitable centering means. Any suitable number of radial punching means are arranged. at such prescribed intervals as are required for the punching of the various holes in the rim. These punching means may. include each a primary punch E and a secondary punch F, the relation of which best appears from Figs. 4 and 5. The punches F are (in this instance) arranged inside the rim, and the punches E outside the same. The punches are mounted to move in a radial direction toward and from each other. When the rim is first applied, they are separated as shown in Fig. 4; afterward, they approach each other until they reach the position shown in Fig. 5. The precise shape and contour of the Working ends of the punches will depend uponthe nature of the punching or swaging operation" to be accomplished. A suitable form is lthat shown in Fig. 5, where the primary punch E has at its center a projection e which acts againstthe end of the punch F to`punch out a hole in the metal, the punching scrap entering a bore fin the latter. With the construction shown, the working end of the punch F then acts as a secondary male punch to swage up and expand the original portion of the metal or stock around the perforation and turn it up into a hollow fe in the punch E, this constituting a' necking operation which leaves the metal out-'turned and enlarged at the marginal portion of the perforation. Any other reciprocal construction of primary and secondary punches may,I

however, be substituted, according to the work desired to be done.

The punches E, F are suitably mounted on operating mechanism whereby they maybe brought together from opposite sides to per- 'orml the punching operation. In the specific .construction shown they are' carried by slides movable radially and operated by mechanism such that each reacts upon the other, so that they'lnay mutally adapt-themselves to the radial osition of the stock between them. This-ls best accomplished by mounting the punch F in a portion G of a slide G, and mounting punch E on a secondary slide H. The portiol G\projects up `wi thin the rim, and the slide H is correspondingly located exteriorly of the rim. The

.slide H may be superposed upon and guided by the slide G, but this is not essential. The slide G has at its outer end an upward projection G2. Operating mechanism for reciprocally advancing and retracting ,the slides is convenientl applied to act between and against the slide H and projection G2, so as to tend to propel them equally in opposite directions. This operating mechanism preferably comprises a toggle or knee joint composed of links J, J, plvoted to H and G2 respectively, and united by a pin I` which couples them to the upper end of a connecting bar or link K which extends down through the table B. The several link bars K K. are connected, as by pins Il,

the sprmg g 'is compressed.

reacting against the first, is brought into contact with the stock, whereupon they penetrate it to form the punching in the manner already described.v

Thus the two punches of each pair have what may be called a iioatin lor dynamically balanced mounting, where y either may move to some extent independently of the other, and the impelling means for each reacts against theA other punch member, so that whichever one rst encounters the stock thereby becomes the abutment against which the movement of the other punchis accomplished, until both are in engagement with the stock, whereupon they move mutually together in performing the punching opera-` tion already described. 1n carrying out this feature of the invention it is preferable to mount the punches upon slides, as described, in order that they may be given a true rectilinear movement, and `to move them by operating means which will act upon. each while reacting upon the other, for which purpose a toggle motion, as described, is a suitable and most conveneient means, but the invention is not limited thereto.

The rim or other annular structure to be punched requires to be firmly held during the punching-operation, and for this purpose may be clampedydown to the ring D by any suitable means. A convenient construcv zuv tion is that shown, consisting of four (more or less) clamping hooks or dogs P, one of which is shown in Figs. 7 and 8, pivoted 01. a pin p and jointed to the upper end of a rod Q, the lower end of which is connected to some portion of the slide M (or any'other convenient operating means), as by carrying it through a perforated bracket on the slide, and preferably by interposing a spring g held by. adjustable nuts r.' Thus, durlng the preliminary downward movementof the lslide M, the clamping hooks P are swung inwardly from the position shown in dotted lines tol that'shown in full lines in Fig. 7

so that their hooked ends bear down upon the inturned flange c of the rim C with a strength depending upon the stress to which In the case of rims for motor car wheels which are to carry a demountable tire rim, it

is common to punch holes through the fianges of the rim C in a direction parallel to the axis (verticall `in Figs. 4 and- 7),and asjthis is commonly oneprlor to the punchlll ing of the spoke holes for which the present machine is specifically designed, it is desirable to correctly space or alternate the respective punchings. This may be accomplished by providing the ring D with one or more gauging pins ,t suitably placed to receive the holes already punched for the fastening bolts of the detachable tire rim. One of these gauging pins t is shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

It is sometimes desirable at the end of the punching operation, after the dies have separated (Fig. 4), and to facilitate the lifting of the punched rim, to provide a knock-,out for partly removing or feeding off the rim. This may conveniently be accomplished by forming on each clamping hook P a projection u (Fig. Y) which on the upstroke of the rod Q will strike the lower flange of the rim and lift it enough to free it partly from the centering Iprojections ai, so that it may be more readily lifted o by the operator. This operation is conveniently accomplished by utilizing the upward movement of the slide M (to the position shown in dotted lines M' in Fig. 7), in which position it strikes an adj ustable collar s on the rodQ, which forcibly lifts the rodand thus tilts the locking dogs P to the position shown in dotted lines, thus first freeing and afterward displacing the punched rim.

The machine may be variously operated. In the construction shown a driving wheel R turns the shaft of a pinion R which drives a gear wheel S liXed on a crankshaft T extended beneath the table, having suitable bearings in the frame A. This shaft has cranks T engaged by pitman rods U, U which yare coupled by pins V to the slide M in order to reciprocate this slide bodiljT toward and from the table B. The movement of this slide from itsupper position of rest to its lower position first applies the clamping dogs P to hold the rim fast, and then straightens the toggles J for driving the punches, and then on the return stroke buckles the toggles and finally releases the clamping dogs and slightly lifts the rim.,

Tlie machine should then stop while the operator lifts out the unched rim and `puts `a new one in place or the next operation.

Thisis accomplished by any ordinary onerevolution clutch, such as -are well known as appliedy to punching presses, and which require no illustration.

The punches E, Fmay be variously constructed and mounted. InFig. 4 the punch E is shown as coupled by a ,union 10 to a shank 1'1 seated in the s ide H and fastened therein by a set-screw is arranged behind. the shank 11 so that it may be set up or back and then fastened `by a set-screw 14. In similar manner the punch F is formed with .its integral shank u 2. For adjusting the projection of the punch a screw plu'g 13 entered within a bore in the slide projection G and set fast by a screw 15, its adjustment bein accomplished by a backing screw 16 whic is set after adjustment bythe setscrew 17. The bore f through the shank of the punch F is extended through the screw' 16, so that the successive punching scraps formed in punching the initial perforations in the stock are forced back through these bores and eventually fall into a hopper 18 and are guided down a central outlet chute 19.

While the precise construction and guiding of the slides G, zH, is unessential, the construction best shown in Fig. y6 is suitable. The slide G is dovetailed into a slideway in the table B and projects partly above the table to form a dovetailed slideway embraced by the under portion of the slide H, an adjusting key 20 beinginterposed for taking up lost motion.

The machine just described may be provided with any. suitable adjustments. The range of motion between the punches E, F, when separated, is ample for adapting the machine without other adjustment to several idi-ffergnt sizes of rims. 'llt is, however, de- Isirable to provide for each size. of rim a separate seating ringV ll)y with its appropriate clamping dogs P, P. As an example, there is shown in Fig. 9 a provision for'seating and clam ing a. smaller size rim C', the seating ring J being replaced by a ring D', and the clamping xdog P being replaced by a similarl dog P having, however, a longer hook arm kor clamping nose reaching over far enough to engage a smaller diameter of the inturned fiange of the rim. This ligure shows no knock-out for assisting to release the punched rim.

The machine. described is lshown as constructed for punching twelve equidistant spoke holes in a standard motor wheel rim or felloe, for which purpose the radial punches and punch slides are arranged at equal, angular intervals, asshown in Fig. 1. For punching annular objects requiring other anglnlar arrangement or spacin of punches, the` punches and slides wil of course be correspondin ly displaced. 1f desired, adjustable mountings maybe provided for the slides, whereby they may be set around at differentv an lar distances so as to adapt` the machine or punching, for exf ample, ten or lfourteen` holes insteadv of NND twelve. While symmetrical or equidistant spacing of the holes is most usual, yet for punching some objects an unsymmetrical or lrregularspacing may requu'ed.

` For the punchin' of motor wheel rims,

weld its ends together; thereupon thehoop the machine here s own and described has is passed between rolls to roll up the opposite iianges for the rim; then to brin the rim mto truecircular form, it is put 1n an expanding or stretching machine, whereby it is slightly stretched enough to give a. new

set to the metal; it is then punched with a hole for the tire ,Valve and holes for the rim bolts, and then the radial spoke holes are lil ' culty is experienced in avoiding that the variation in spacing shall exceed the limit of tolerance; finally,- since the punching operation somewhat distorts the rim out of a true circle,it requires to be again trued, and this is commonly accomplished by-V putting it in a machine which by exterior pressure contracts it to a smaller circumference and at the same time gives themetal a set such that it will retain the true circular form to which it is forced. The machine of my invention `simplifies .these operations, since the spoke punchings are performed simultaneously, and by symmetrical operations "which -avoid any distortion vof the rim, and by means which accomplishes -the minutely correct angular spacing of the punchings; and since no distortion results from the punching operations, the linal truing of the rim by a contracting operation is rendered needless.

Throughout the specification and appended claims, the term punches has been used to denote the two reclprocally male and female elements which coact to perform a desired operation on the rin, and it is immaterial as to which of the elements is the spo .invention is applicable to other constructions, audits mechanical features may be Avaried by theexercise of the judgment of a in theinvention; and the term punching skilled mechanical designen-and within the scope of the appended claims. While I have throughout the descri tion referred to the machine as for punching rims or analogous articles, yet in its articular embodiment here shown the mac ine both punches and .swages the rim at each unching point; and

it is to beunderstood t at'either operation of punching or swaging, or both, are with- .is to be understood as including not" mere y performing', but also embossing or otherwise menare swaging the work, it being immaterial to my invention whether the o posed punch elements mutually cut through the Work or merely indent, emboss, or otherwise deform it, as may be desired.

I claim as my invention l. ln a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of radially-actin floating punches arranged radially aroun the rim, each comprising two opposedI punch elements, andmeans for operating these punch elements in dynamic balance so that each reacts upon the other to punch the rim with equal stress on opposite sides.

In a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of radially-acting iioating punches arranged radially around the rim, and means for operating them simultaneously to punch the rim.

3. In a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of radially-acting dynamically'balanced punches arranged radially and symmetrically around the' rim, and

means for operating them to punch the rim.

4. In a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of radially-movable pairs of floating slides arranged radially around the rim, mating punches carried thereby, the. two elements of each punch carried by the two slides of one pair, and operating means for moving the slides of each pair in dynamic balance so that each punch element reacts upon the other to punch the run.

5. In a machine for punching rims or the like,- a plurality of pairs of oppositely moving punch elements arranged radially around therim, and means for oppositely operating them in dynamic balance yso that each `reacts upon-.the other to punch the rim.

6. In a machine for punching rims or the like, a\ plurality of reciprocally-acting punches arranged radially around the rim, the punches acting simultaneously from opposite sides of the stock and in operation each moving towards its reciprocal one to punch the rim.`

7. In a machine for punching rims or the-like, a plurality of pairs of punches arranged radially around the rim, the punches of each pair on opposite sides of the stock, and operating means for forcing them each toward the other to punch the stock between them, said operating means bein adapted to substantiall equalize the l rce o positely applie on each punch against lts mate. I

8. In a rim punching machine, a pair of dynamically balanced punches, andoperating means for forcingi them together to punch Lthe rim, such means acting in one direction against one punch andin the contrary .direction against the other.

9. Ina rim punching-machine, a pair of I reciprocally-acting floating punchesand-opcarrying'the punches, and operating' means adapted to act in contrary directions and with substantiallyequal force against the slides to bring the punches together.

11. In a rim punching machine, a pair ol'` reciprocally-acting floating punches, slides anism acting on ,the slides to force them in contrary directions, Veach slide,` durin the advancing movement of the punch, eing free to move longitudinally independently of their mutually-advancing movement, whereby the punches may adapt themselves to the position of the stock. g ,f-

12. In a rim unchingmachine, a pair of reciprocally-actingpunches, -a slide having a portion projecting Within the rim and carrying one punch, another slide exterior to the rim carrying 'the other punch, and operating means for'pressing the slides in contrary. directions to bring the vpunches together, said means adapted to balancerits action upon each punchslide bythe reacttion against the other.

13. In a rimpunching machine, a pair of reciprocally-acting -iloating punches, slides y carrying the punches, and operating means comprising a toggle with its links engaging the respective slides and an actuati connectionto the kneejoiiit of the -togg e, the slides beingy substantially free'to move lon. gitudinally irrespective of the force of the toggle... .j ,i 14. In a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality Yofy airsof punchesv arranged radially around the rim, and operati ing means for simultaneously'forcing the punches .togetherfthe punches of each pair --|free to -'move radially, whereby .to adapt themselves to the location of the' stock and v.

thereupon to act lupon the stock simultaneously 15. In a machine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of radially-acting punches,

- and operating mechanism thereforrcompris'- ing a pluralityof means for siiii"ultfaneously` forcing. the. respective punchesv together, and

a reciprocating part'engag'iiigsaid plurality of `means, for Amoving `them simultaneously.

v 'ally-acting 'floatr mg punches arranged in cio-,acting pairs,-and operating mechanism therefor 'comprising a urality of means for simultaneously' forooperate A the p .adapte l16; In' a machinelor plunching'rims'or Y' the like, a plurality of ra ciprocating slide, andy operative connections lbetween'said slide and said plurality of means.

17. In a'niachine for punching rims o r the oating punches, the outer punches adapted like, a plurality of radially-acting pairs of to enter the inner ,punches while perforatv ing the stock, and the inner punches' radially lmovable and made hollow to conduct the. I punchlng scrap toward the center, and means for receiving the scrap from the moving inc ner punches and discharging the scrap. carrying the punches, and operating mechf 18. :In a machine for punching rims or the like, a frame, Aa plura-lity of floating punches and their operating means, seating and gauging means for locating and holding the rim, said means being lixedly mounted i lonv said frame.

for the. punches and for saiddogs movable 1 yto simultaneously Vactuate said dogs to clamp the rim in advance of the punchingstroke.

20. The combination'ypof claim 19, the` clamping dogs 'having knock-out means 0plerable on the unclamping stroke to displace the rim after unching.

21; In a m c ine for punchingrims'or the like, a plura ity of punches and their.- oper-`r ating means, with seating means for the .rim

and means for clamping the rim againstsaid seating means, and a reciprocating slide en` gaging said'clainpling means for. simultanee ously operatingft em to clamptherim. s

22. In 'a machine for punching riinsor the like, the combiationof means for` clamping tlie rim in lace, punching means/comprising radia y-arranged punches. for punching the rim, Iknock-out means ando eratingm'eans "adapted rst tooperatet erim; and-f finali .tojrelease the' clam 'ing means and knoc Aout the rim, said -cyc eef; events'being effected by-a single oscillation of said operating means. .Y

" 23. In ainachine for punching rims or the like, a plurality of punches and tlieiropeny ating means, andl rim-clamping and rim,-

ejectinv means'comprising pivoted .elements the riniin p to lift the r1ni" fl 'om its seat, i i vIn witness whereof, have hereunto signed myname.

- ISAAC PATRICK.

clamping 'means toclamp the rim, then to uiiching means to punch-the lio to swingv intone direction to clampv s place, andinthe other direction' izo iii-fi

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