US1576153A - Governing mechanism for prime movers - Google Patents

Description

March 9 1926.

R. s. TANDERWICK GUVERNING MECHANISM FOR PRIME MOVERS Filed March 4, 1924 Inventor;

Reginald Qstmd -wkh by M His Attorney .a valve 9 which re Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REGINALD G. B'I'ANDEBWIOK, OII' RBI-BREAD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASBIGIOB 1'0 entam ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION 01! NEW YORK.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOB MOVIES.

Application filed March 4, 1824. Serial llo. 888,878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Rmmann G. Summa- WIGK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marblehead, in the county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governing Mechanism for Prime Movers, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to governing mechanisms for prime movers wherein the prime mover drives a pump or other machine which delivers fluid under pressure and it is desired to govern the prime moye-r in accordance with the pressure delivered by such machine so as to maintain the pressure constant. In such installations the load on the prime mover may vary over a wide ran and the object of my invention is to provi e an improved governi mechanism which is simple in structure reliable in operation and capable of regulating the prime mover over a wide range.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention, is directed to the accom anying description and the claims append thereto.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a prime mover provided.

with verning mechanism embodyin my invention; Fig. 2 is an end view the governing mechanism certain parts bei shown in section; Fig. 3 is a detail sectiona view of a cylinder and piston structure, and Fi .disanoutlineoft eset.

ferring to the drawing 5 indicates a prime mover, here indicated as an elastic uid turbine connected to drive a pump 6. The suction conduit for the pum is indicated at 7 and the discharge con uit 8. The pum is indicated diagrammatically and may any suitable type of pump for pumping either liquids or gases. e admission of elastic fluid to the turbine is shown in the present instance as being controlled by gulates the flow of the elastic fluid from a valve chest 10 to a 2s: 11 leadin to the first stage nozzles of e turbine. alve9hasastem 12 which extends out through the valve chestthat is its head, is provided with an extended portion 15 having an outer finished surface upon which slides a ca 16 which is connected to piston 13 by a to 17. When piston 13 moves therefore cap' 16 moves with it. Piscon 13 and cylinder 14 form a usual type of spaces 24 and 25 beyond the valve members being connected to discharge pipes 26. The stem 27 of pilot valve 18/ is pivotally connected to the central portion of a lever 28.

Projecting from thewalls of pilot valve cylinder 19 are two arms 29 and 30 which at their ends support cylinders 31 and 32. In cylinder 31 is a piston 33 provided with a tubular extension 34 which slides in a 'de 35 formed integral with the cover 0 cylinder 31. Piston 33 forms a movable abutment and is connected to'one end of lever 28 by a rod 36. The upper end of rod 36 is pivoted to lever 28 as indicated at 37 and the lower end is connected to piston 33 by a tension spring 38 which holds it in engagement with the top wall of the piston, such lower end bein pointed and engaging in a recess in the piston wall as shown particularly in Fig. 3. One end of spring 38 is fastened to a spring plug 39 and the other end is fastened to the outer portion of gmde B5.- Spring plug 39is held between spaced nuts 40 which engage a threaded rtion on red 36. By turnm nuts 40 the tension of spring 38 can be justed.

:The underside of piston 33 is subjected to a pressure pro ortional to the pressure being delivered y pump 6. To this end I provide a pipe 41 which at one end is connected to pum discharge conduit 8. The other end lea point. In pipe 41 is provided means formmg a small orifice 42 and beyond this caregards the direction of flow is a regulating valve 43, there beingothus provided a space 44 between them. nnected to pipe 41 m the space'44 between orifice 42 and ing valve 48 is a branch pipe which connectstocylinder31beneathpieton38,

to any suitable discharge' With this arrangement there is a drop in pressure across orifice 42 dependin upon the adjustment of re lating va ve 43. When valve 43 is mov toward the closed position the drop in pressure across orifice 42 becomes less while when it is moved toward the open position the drop in ressure becomes greater. When valve 43 is given a. definite setting there will be a certain drop in pressure across orifice 42 and hence a certain pressure in space 44 which pressure is proportional to and will vary directl with the pressure in conduit 8. By adprsting valve 43 I can always have the same operating ressure for the piston 33 irrespective o the pressure being delivered by the pump. This is an important consideration where it is desired that the fgovernor shall operate over a wide range 0 pressures for it enables me to set the governor spring) 38 for o oration with a certain pressure est sui for its characteristics, the governor bein then ad'usted for difierent pressures by dhanging t e setting of valve 43. For example, assume that the pump 6 is dehvering fluid at a certain pressure andthat valve 43 and spring 38 are set to maintain this pressure. Ifnow it is desired to set the governor for some other pump pressure this may be done by adjusting valve 43 so as to change the drop in pressure across orifice 42, leaving the setting of spring 38 the same.

In cylinder 32 is apiston 46 which is connected to the other end of lever 28 by a rod 47 and spring 48, the arrangement being similar to the connections already describe between piston 33 and the lever 28. Cylinder 32 is connected by a pressure pipe 49 to the dischar side of a pump 50. Pump 50 pumps flui such as oil for example, from a tank 51, in which the pump is located and may be of any suitable type which delivers fluid at a pressure proportional to .its speed. In the present instance, a pump of the gear type is indicated in the drawing. It is driven b a shaft 52 connected to turbine shaft 53 y worm gearing 54. The pump is driven, therefore, at a speed proport onal to the turbine, which means that it dehvers fluid at a pressure proportional to the turbine speed. Connected to charge pipe 55 which leads back to tank 51 and is provided with a regulating valve 56 and a restricting orifice 5 Connected to pipe 49 is a pressure relief valve 58 also. At 59 is indicated the intake strainer for pump It will be understood that while I have shown the vernor having movable abutments in t e form of pistons movin in cylinders, I ma use other forms of a utments if desired Mounted on p'lot valve stem 27 is an adjustable stop 60 in the form of two nuts which engage a threaded portion on stem pipe 49 is a dis- 27. Resting on stop 60 is a spring support 61 between which and a second spring support 62 is located a spring 63. Engaging the top of the spirng support 62 is an arm 64 which is fastened to cap 16. Pilot valve stem 27 passes freely through the openings in spring so port 62 and arm 64 so that the arm and pi ot valve stem may move relatively to each other and when they so move the compression of spring 63 is varied.

In operation, governor spring 38 is set so that when the desired average governor pressure exists in pipe 45, piston 33 is approximately in its mid-travel position; and valve 43 is set so that when the desired dis charge pressure exists in pump conduit 8 the drop in pressure through orifice 42 will give the desired governor pressure. The oil governor comprising pump 50, piston 46 and spring 48 is used as a pre-emergency governor, that is a governor which serves to take control of the turbine and prevent the speed going beyond a predetermined high value. '1 e governor spring 48 is set for the desired governor operating pressure and valve 56 is set so that when the speed reaches a pre-determined high value, pum 50 will build u a pressure in pipe 49 w ich will move piston 46 to efl'ect control of the turbine. Pressure relief valve 58 is set to limit to a desired value the pressure which can be built up in pi e 49 and orifice 57 is made of such size t at it limits to a safe value the speed for which the oil governor can be set by valve 56. During normal operation piston 46 is at the bottom of cylinder 32 and the up er end of rod 47 serves as a stationary fu crum for lever 28.

When durin operation, the pressure in discharge con uit 8 increases beyond that for which the governor is set, then the pres sure under piston 33 will be increased and will move the piston upward thereby lifting pilot valve 18. This serves to admit motive fluid through passage 21 to the space above piston 13 and to permit motive fluid to escape from the space beneath piston 13. The piston will therefore be moved downward to close somewhat the valve 9 which will decrease the flow of elastic fluid to the turbine so that the speed will decrease. With decrease in speed, the delive pressure of pump 6 will decrease. Spring 63 which surrounds the pilot valve stem acts in parallel with governor spring 38 and when piston 13 moves downward arm 64 moves with it, pressing down on spring 63 and thereby increasing its pressure downward on the pilot valve. This results in restoring the pilot valve to its original osition thereby preventing overtravel of e governor.

When the pressure in discharge conduit 8 decrease below the desired value, the pressure beneath piston 33 decreases whereupon spring 38 will efi'ect a lowering of piston 33 and pilot valve 18 and a movement of piston 13 upward thus opening further valve 9 to increase the speed of the turbine and pump. When piston 13 moves upward it relieves somewhat the pressure on restoring spring 63. This decreases the spring pressure on piston 33 and it thereupon moves upward, lifting the pilot valve 18 so as to restore it to its original position.

As already stated, the oil governor is ordinarily inactive, the turbine being entirely under the control of the pressure governor. When the predetermined speed for which the oil governor is set is exceeded, however, 'it comes into play, piston 46 being then moved 'nst the action of spring 48 to operate t e pilot valve so as to e ect the of valve 9 to a position where the ernor operates valve 9 in the same manner as does the pressure governor and its operation will be obvious from the description already given.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that myvernor anism is simple and com act 1n structure, and that by reason of t e use of orifice 42 in conjunction with valve 43, said mechanism can be set to operate over a wide r of fluid pressures and in each case wi have the same degree of regulation because the pressure actually operatinag on the glovernor piston maiy always be Justed to t e same normal va ue.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation'of m invention, together with the apparatus w 'ch' I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onl illustrative and the invention may carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. The combination with a a driven machine, and valve mechanism controlling the flow of actuating fluid to the prime mover, of means for regulati said valve mechanism com a flui -actu ated motor, a ilot v ve, a ever connected to the pilot va ve, a movable abutment connected to said lever, a conduit which conveys pressure from the driven machine, a conduit connecti the first named conduit to said movable utment, and means defining passages of remricted area in the firstnamed conduit on op osite sides of the connection of the secon named conduit therewith, one of such means being adjustable to vary the size of the pass 2. The combination wit a prime mover, a driven machine, and valve mechanism controlling the flow of actuating fluid to the prime mover, of means for regulating said speed is maintained. The oil gov-- prime mover,

valve mechanism comprising a fluid-actuated motor, a, pilot valve, a lever, an intermediate point of which is connected to the pilot valve, a movable abutment connected-to each end of said lever, means supplying pressure to one of said abutments proportional to the speed of the prime mover, and means supplying pressure to the other abutment proportional to an operating condition of the driven machine.

3. The combination with a prime mover, a driven machine, and valve mechanism controlling the flow of actuating fluid to the prime mover, of means for regulating said valve mechanism com rising a fluidactuated motor, a pilot va ve, a lever, an intermediate point of which is connected to the pilot valve, a casing for the pilot valve, two movable abutments carried by the ilot valve casing and connected to the en s of said lever, means supplying pressure to one of said abutments proportional to the speed of the prime mover, and means supplying pressure to the other of said abutments proportional to an operating condition of the driven machine.

4. In a governing mechanism for prime movers, the combination of a movable abutment, a conduit for conveying pressure, means in said conduit forming spaced passages of restricted areas, the area of one of which is adjustable, and a conduit connecting the s ace between said passages to the movable a utment.

5. The combination with a prime mover, a driven machine and valve mechanism controlling the admission of elastic fluid to the prime mover, of means for regulating the valve mechanism comprising a governor having a'movable abutment, a conduit for conveying fluid pressure which bears a definite relation to an operating condition of the prime mover, means formin a passage of restricted area in said conduit, a second means spaced from the first means and form ing another passage ofrestricted area, saidsecond means being ad'ustable to vary the area of the passage, an a conduit for conveying pressure from the ace between said two pa es to the mova le abutment.

6. The combination with a prime mover having a valve mechanism controlling the admission of motive fluid thereto, of a pair of pumps connected with and driven by the prime mover, separate ressure responsive devices connected wit each of said pumps, said devices being operatively connected with the valve mechanism to move the latter in response to certain pressure values delivered by said pumps, and se arate pressure adjusting means interposed tween said pumps and pressure responsive devices to regulate said premure values.

7. The combination with a prime mover having a valve mechanism controlling the admission of motive fluid thereto, of a pair of fluid pressure pum s driven by the prime mover, a lever by w ich the valve mechanism is operated to control the prime mover, separate pressure responsive devices connected with each of said pumps to receive fluid pressure therefrom, said devices comprisin spring loaded movable abutments operatively connected with the lever to move the same in response to certain pressure values delivered by said pumps, and separate pressure regulating means, including an orifice and a valve, provided in the connection between each pump and its respective pressure responsive device.

8. The combination with a prime mover and a. fluid pressure creating machine driven thereby, of a governing mechanism for the prime mover, comprising a valve controlling the admission of motive fluid to said prime mover, a fluid actuated motor connected therewith to operate the valve, a pilot valve for the motor, a lever havin an intermediate point pivotally connects with the pilot valve, means including a spring forming a connection between the movable member of the motor and the pilot valve, a movable abutment pivotally connected with each end of the lever, casings for said abutments to which fluid pressures are sup lied to move said abutments and o crate t e pilot valve, means connected wit the abutments for adjustably loading said abutments in opposition to the pressures acting thereon, a conduitconnected with the fluid pressure creating machine to receive fluid pressure therefrom, an orifice forming a passage of restricted area in said conduit, a valve in said conduit spaced from the orifice in the direction of fluid flow and forming a second passage of adjustably restricted area, a conduit connecting the casin at one abutment with the first-named con uit at a point between said passages of restricted area, a

ump driven by the prime mover, a conduit to which said pump supplies fluid under pressure connected with the casing of the other abutment, and means connected with said conduit for regulating the pressure therein.

In' witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of February, 1924.

REGINALD G. STANDERWICK.

admission of motive fluid thereto, of a pair of fluid pressure pum s driven by the prime mover, a lever by w ich the valve mechanism is operated to control the prime mover, separate pressure responsive devices connected with each of said pumps to receive fluid pressure therefrom, said devices com prising spring loaded movable abutments operatively connected with the lever to move the same in response to certain pressure values delivered by said pumps, and separate pressure regulating means, including an orifice and a valve, provided in the connection between each pump and its respective pressure responsive device.

8. The combination with a prime mover and a fluid pressure creating machine driven thereby, of a governing mechanism for the prime mover, comprising a valve controlling the admission of motive fluid to said prime mover, a fluid actuated motor connected therewith to operate the valve, a pilot valve for the motor, a lever having an intermediate point pivotally connected with the pilot valve, means including a spring forming a connection between the movable member of the motor and the pilot valve, a movable abutment pivotally connected with each end of the lever, casings for said abutments to which fluid pressures are sup lied to move 3 said abutments and operate is e pilot valve, means connected with the abutments for adjustably loading said abutments in opposition to the pressures acting thereon, a conduit connected with the fluid pressure 36 creating machine to receive fluid pressure therefrom, an orifice forming a passage of restricted area in said conduit, a valve in said conduit spaced from the orifice in the direction of fluid flow and forming a second 40 passage of adjustably restricted area, a conduit connecting the casing at one abutment with the first-named conduit at a point between said passages of restricted area, a pump driven by the prime mover, a couduit to which said pump supplies fluid under pressure connected with the casing of the other abutment, and means connected with said conduit for regulating the pressure therein. a In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of February, 1924.

REGINALD G. ST'ANDERWICK.

Certificate of Correction. It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,576,153, mntea March 9, 1920,

upon the applicatio for an improveme numeral 2 read 22; page and line 128, for decrease read decreases,- should be read with these corrections therein record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 27th day of April, A. D. 1926.

'of ReginaldG. Standerwick, of Marb in Governing Mechanism for Prime Movers, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, inc 69, for the words of the spirng read of a ehead, Massachusetts,

1. line 69, for the 9. and that the said Letter-s atent that the same may conform to the i M. J. MOORE, Acting G'ommiuioncr of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,576,153, granited March 9, 1926, upon the application of Regina1d G. Standerwick, of Marblehehd, Massachusetts, for an improvement: in Governing Mechanism for Prime Movers, errors appear in the printed specification uiring correction as follows: Page 1. line 69, for the numeral 2 read 22; page fline 69, for the words of the spirng read of 8 'ng, and line 128, for decrease read decreases; and that the said Letters atent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 27th day of April, A. D. 1926.

' [snub] M. J. MOORE,

Acting Gonmu'uimwr of Patents.

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