US1574693A - Hammer - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 23 1926.

P. W. RECK ET AL HAMMER 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 31 avwcm fom Feb. 23 1926.

P. w. RECK ET AL HAMMER Filed May 31, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 l I I @muemtoz Ban M M 8. but.

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Feb. 23 1926'.

P. W. RECK ET AL HAMMER Filed May 51,

1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VE1YTOR6. Z RA EX Y 011121 (7 k/ W swam H 3 FQb Z3 9 1926.,

P. w. RECK ET AL HAMMER Filed May 51, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 W KY Patented Feb. 23, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER W. BECK, OF BETTENDORF, AND WALTER. G. VETTER, OF DAVENPORT, IOWA,

ASSIGNORS TO THE BETTENDORF COMPANY, OF IBETTENDORF, IOWA, A CORPORA- 'I'ION OF IOWA.

HAMMER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatwe, PETER W. BECK and l/VALTER G. VETTER, citizens of the United States, residing at 'Bettendorf and Davenport, respectively, in the county of Scott and State of Iowa, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hammers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to power hammers and has for its object to provide a power hammer which may be operated to deliver sharp blows in rapid succession to the work without setting up injurious vibrations on either the frame of the machine, the operating mechanism, or the hammer itself.

More particularly, it is the object of the invention to provide a hammer of the swinging type pivotally suspended on a helve in which there is a minimum of vibration in the helve, due to impact against the work, and a minimum vibration in the supporting and operating members.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention may be said to comprise the device as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, hereinafter described and articularly set forth in the appended claims, together with such variations and modifications thereof as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains.

Reference should be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a central, vertical section taken longitudinally of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a top planview of the machine.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view showing the hammer, in two positions, one in full lines and one in dotted lines.

Fig-5 is a fragmentary, sectional view taken on the line 5-5,Fig. 1

The machine shown in the accompanying drawing is a power hammer designed particularly for dislodging the sand from a casting by a rapid succession of sharp 'blows upon the casting, which serves to set the casting in vibration to eflectively shake the casting and dislodge the sand therefrom.

Heretofo-re it has been the usual practice for one or two men to hammer, with heavy sledge hammers, relatively large steel castings to dislodge as much of the mold sand as possible. The castings are then sand blasted to remove additional sand adhering thereto and are then chipped to finally clean the surfaces. The present invention provides a machine which greatly lessens the labor incident to the cleaning of the cast-.

ings and greatly reduces the time required for the hammering and subsequent, cleaning operations.

The machine frame has a base 1 adapted to be bolted to the floor and side standards 2, upon which are mounted the hammer and hammer operating mechanism. Adjacent the rear end of theframe, a transverse operating shaft 3 is journaled in the standards 2 and this shaft serves to operate the hammer which is pivotally' suspended betweenthe standards 2 adjacent the front of the frame, as will be hereinafter described.

The shaft 3 may be operated from any suitable source of power and, as shown, is provided with a belt pulley 4 adapted to receive a belt from an overhead line shaft. As shown in Fig. 2, the shaft 3 extends to one side of the main frame and is journaled at 6 at its outer end in a standard 5 arising from an extension of the base, the pulley 4 being mounted on the shaft between the side standard of the frame and the post 5. The pulley 4 is loose on the shaft and carries a clutch drum 7 adapted to be frictionally engaged by an expanding clutch shoe 8 fixed to the shaft, the clutch shoe 8 being operably connected to a lever 9 pivoted to the post 5, by means of which, the pulley 4 may be connected to or'disengaged from the shaft.

Between the standards 2, the shaft 3 carries an eccentriclO upon which is secured the eccentric ring 11 of the connecting r 12, which is pivotally connected at its-forward end by means of a horizontalpivot pin 13' to the hammer carrier 14: which is pivotally suspended from a horizontal pivot pin 15 extending through the upper end of the standards 2 at the front end of the frame. It will be apparent that when the shaft 3 is rotated an oscillating movement will be imparted to the hammer carrier 14.

The hammer which is mounted on the carrier 14 consists of a head 16 and a helve 17 whiclr is pivotally connected to the carrier 14 by a horizontal .pivot pin 18 The pivotal suspension of the hammer from the oscillating carrier 14: is an important feature of the invention for by reason of this suspension the violent shocks due to the im pact of the hammer head against the work are taken up in oscillation of the hammer itself and not transmitted to the supporting frame and operating mechanism. It is desirable that the oscillation of the hammer be through a small are so as not to interfere with rapid operation and for this reason resilient cushions are interposed between the hammer helve l7 and the carrier let to yieldingly resist angular movements in either direction from the normal position of the helve. The carrier 14 is in the form of a casting which has an elongated hollow casing 19 provided with a longitudinal base to receive cushioning springs 20 and spaced ears 21 beneath the casing 19 between which the connecting rod 12 and helve 17 are pivoted.

The helve 17 has its upper end above the pivot.- 18 projecting through a longitudinal slot into the hollow casing 19 between the cushioning springs 20. The inner ends of the springs 20 engage spring blocks \or disks 22 which bear against the helve 17 on 0pposite sides thereof and have centrally disposed lugs 23 on their inner faces which engage in a peripheral groove 24 formed in the helve. The outer ends of the springs 20 bear against similar blocks or disks 25 which are retained in place in the opposite ends of the casing 19 by means of retaining plates 26 which are removably seated in transverse slots in the ends of the casing 19 and firmly held in place by the pressure of the springs.

To facilitate the removal or inser ion of the springs a cross bar 27 may be provided between the standards 2 opposite an end of the casing 19 of the carrier and the cross bar may be provided with a set screw 28 which is adapted to be screwed inwardly into engagement with the outer spr ng retaining disk 25 to compress the springs and relieve the pressure on the forward retaining plate 26 so it can be removed. When the machine is in operation the screw 28 will be screwed back far enough so that it will not be engaged by the carrier in its oscillation.

The two springs 20 pressing upon opposite sides of that part of the helve remo e from the hammer head yieldingly hold the hammer in the position of rest which in the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is vertical. The springs 20 of course limit the oscillatory movements of the hammer about its pivotal connection to the carrier due to impact against the work.

Means is provided to support the casting to be cleaned in the path of movement of the hammer head 16 near the end of its stroke. The particular form of work support is not important in so far as the present invention is concerned but for purposes of illustration we have shown a simple support in the form of a pair of bars 29 extending forwardly from the base and having stop lugs 30 adjustably mounted thereon. The casting 31 may be supported upon the bars 29 and the stop lugs 30 adjusted to properly position the casting with respect to the hammer so that the hammer head 16 will strike the casting adjacent the forward end of its stroke.

Secured to the frame of the machine is a socket member 33 adapted to receive a rubber buffer 32 or the equivalent and this comprises a rebound limiting device and shock absorber. This buffer is located preferably at the rear of the hammer in a position such that it is just clear of the normal rearward swing of the hammer head so that it will receive the rebound of the hammer after impact against the casting or other piece of work, which causes the hammer to exceed its normal movement in a rearward direction.

If the hammer head is arranged to strike the casting at or near the forward end of its stroke,v it will impart a maximum blow to the casting and set up considerable vibration therein. After the impact the hammer will be carried rearwardly both by the rebound from the impact and by the movement of the carrier. The hammer will swing about its pivot and engage the bufi'er 32 before the backward movement of the carrier is completed and thus the buffer 32 will limit its rearward movement and damp the vibrations set up in the hammer and helve, and decrease the torque and strains on the machine.

It will thus be seen that the buffer 32 has the functions of limiting the rearward movement of the hammer and damping the vibrations set up in the hammer and helve due to impact with the casting or work, thus greatly increasing'the life of the machine. Also, the cushion 32 is preferably located so that it will give an added impetus to the hammer on its forward stroke and, if desired, the amount of impetus given can be increased by placing the buffer tnearer the hammer so that it Wlll strike the buffer earlier in its backward movement.

Furthermore, when the apparatus is properly designed and timed an added impetus will be given to the hammer on its forward stroke, due to the compression on the rebound of that spring 20 which tends to force the head of the hammer toward the casting.

The springs 20 in the oscillating carrier, however, primarily serve as a resilient mounting for the hammer, so that the hammer will be cushioned in its striking blow, thus lessening vibrations in the hammer helve, the carrier and its pivotal connections to the frame and the operating mechanism.

the hammer helve is absorbed by the freedom of movement of the hammer, by the springs constantly engaging it and by the buffer, so that thevibratory action is substantially completely absorbed before being transmitted to' the connecting rod, thereby eliminating destructive vibration and consequent breakage of these, members.

While we have shown a device in which the hammer is mounted for delivering the impact blow in a substantiallyhorizontal plane, it will be noted that the hammer may be arranged to strike a vertical blow or one at any desired angle by arranging the carrier, hammer and actuating means in any desired relationship.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that the particular forms of apparatus shown and described, and the particular procedure set forth, are presented for purposes of explanation and illustration and that various modifications of said apparatus and procedure can be made without departing from our invention as defined in the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1; A power hammer comprising a support, a carrier pivotally mounted thereon, a hammer pivotally mounted on the carrier, the pivotal axes of the hammer and carrier being parallel, means for oscillating the carrier, and cushioning means for resisting movement of the hammer relative to the carrier.

2. A power hammer comprising asupport, a carrier pivotally mounted thereon, a hammer resiliently mounted on the carrier and a butler member on the support for limiting the movement of the hammer in one direction.

23. A power hammer comprising a support, a carrier pivotally mounted thereon, a hammer having its helve connected to the carrier by a pivot parallel to the pivot of the carrier, and cushioning means limitingthe movement of the helve with respect to the carrier.

4. A power hammer comprising a carrier,

a hammer pivoted thereto, means for recipbetween the hammer and carrier, and a buffer on thesupport in the path of movement of the hammer.

7. A power hammer comprising a support, a carrier pivoted to the support, a hammer pivoted to the carrier, the pivotal airis of the hammer being parallel to the pivotal axis of the carrier, springs .interposed betweenopposite sides of the hammer and the carrier to yieldingly oppose pivotal movements of the hammer w1th respect to the carrier, and means for oscillating the carrier.

8. A power hammer comprising a support, a carrier movably mounted on the support, a hammer movably mounted on the carrier, yielding means for normally holding the hammer in a fixed position with respect to the carrier, and a resilient buffer carried by the support for limiting the movements of the hammer.

9. A power hammer comprising a support,

a. carrier movably mounted on ,the support, a hammer inovably mounted on the carrier, means for resiliently cushioning the movements of the hammer with respect to the carrier, and a resilient buffer carried by the support for limiting the rebound of the hammer.

10. A power hammer comprising asupport, It carrier movably mounted thereon, means for reciprocating the carrier, ahammer resiliently mounted on said carrier, means for supporting a piece of work in the path of movement ofthe hammer, and a resilient bufier on the side of the hammer opposite the work support for limiting the rebound of the hammer.

11. A power hammer for shaking out castings comprising a support, a carrier piv; otally-su ended from said support, a hammer having its helve pivoted adiacent its upper end to the carrier beneaththe axis of the carrier, springs carried by the carrier and engaging opposite sides of the helve above its pivot, said springstending to hold the helve against movement with respect to the carrier, and means for oscillating the carrier, including a connecting rod pivotally connected to the carrier, the carrier, hammer and connecting rod pivots being parallel.

12. In a power hammer for shaking out castings, a frame, a carrier pivotally suspended on said frame, a hammenhavine its helve pivoted to sand carrier, springs mounted in the carrier to engage opposite sides of the helve to resist movement of the hammer with respect to the carrier, means for oscillating the carrier to swing said hammer, and means connected with said frame to support a casting to be struck by said hammer.

13. A power hammer for shaking out castings comprising a frame, a carrier housing pivoted on the frame, a hammer helve pivoted in said housing, resilient means disside of the pivot to resist movement of the helve with respect to the housing, means adapted to oscillate said housin said means,

con'iprisi'ng in part a connecting rod pivotally connected thereto, means connected to the support to receive a casting in'proper position to be struck by thehammer, and means on the support to limit the rebound of the hammer.

14. In a power hammer for shaking out castings,-a :l'rame, a carrier housing pivoted thereto, a hammer helve pivoted to the housing beneath said housing. pivot and adapted to swing horizontally, springs mounted in said housing to engage the helve above the pivoted portion of the helve to resist movement of the hammer helve with respect to said housing in either direction, and means connected to said housing for oscillating said housing, support arms connected to said frame to receive a casting to be struck by said hammer, and means carried by the frame to limit the rebound of the hammer.

15. A power hammer comprising a support, a carrier movably mounted thereon, means for reciprocating the carrier, a hammer resiliently mounted on the carrier, means for supporting a piece of work in position to be engaged by the hammer near one end of its stroke, and means engageable withthe hammer at the other end of its stroke to damp the vibrations thereof.

16. A power hammer comprising a support, a hammer having its helve pivotally suspended from the support, means for oscillating the hammer about its pivotal support, means for supporting a piece of Work the hammer to damp the vibrations set up i by impact.

18. The combination with a swinging hammer having its helve pivotally supported, means for oscillating said hammer, means for supporting a piece of work in the path of movement of the hammer,'and means ongageab e with the hammer to damp vibrations set up by impact Withthe work.

In testimony whereof we hereunto affix our signatures.

. PETER w. nEoK.

WALTER o. VETTER.

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