US1564592A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 8 1925. 1,564,592

H. W. LASTER OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 9, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Y ATE R 5UPPLY I v ja/@N/UP WW/y Zd. mier* H. W. LASTER OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 9, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 8, 1925.

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY W'. LASTER, GF OAK PARK, lLLINOl'S, ASSIGNOR 0F THIRTY-THREE AND ONE- THIRD PER CENT TO JOI-1N E. BYRON, OF CHCAGO, ILLINOIS, AND FIFTEEN AND TWO-THIRDS PER GENT TO MICHAEL J". ROYCE, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

OEL BURNER.

Application tiled August 9, 1924.

Be it known that I, Hanni.' lV. Liis'rnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak larlc, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

rthis invention relates to improvements in oil burners and one of the objects of the same is to provide an improved oil burning aliiparatus in which means are provided to preheat the oil to thin it so that the oil will atomize freely and more completely.

A. further object is to provide an improved burner having associated therewith means for maintaining a water column from which water is supplied, to be generated into steam to be atomized with oil; and also an improved air cushion co-operatingl with the column of Water so that pulsation of the supply of Water and steam will be prevented. i

ik further object is to provide improved means for removing impurities from the water and steam.

A further object is to provide improved means for preheating the air before it is mixed with the fuel.

A further object is to provide an improved oil burning apparatus `of this character which will be of a simple, durable, and compact arrangement and which will be ell'ective and eiiicient in operation.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention and in which;

lligure 1 is a vieu' partly in vertical section and partly `in elevation of an apparatus of this character constructed in accordance With the principles of this invention and showing the same in connection ivith a furnace.

ldigure 2 is a detail sectional view taken on line 2 2 Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the nozzle.

Figure -l is a vieiv partly in elevation and partly in section of the nozzle and the means Serial No. 731,031.

for supplying preheated air to the nozzle to support combustion.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view partly in section and partly in elevation of the coupling at the junction of the nozzle and air pipes.

The apparatus consists of a closed chamber or column 1() for maintaining a column of water 11, Which latter may be supplied to the chamber preferably at the bottom thereof through an inlet 12 controlled by a` check valve 13. A controlling valve 1li may be provi-ded in the supply pipe 15 for controlling the supply of Water to the chamber 10. The Water is supplied to this chamber preferably under the city pressure, and when the water enters the chamber 10 it will confine and compress a quantity of air 1G at the top of the chamber 10, so as to form a cushion for the column of Water and place the column under fluid pressure. This ivill cause the Water to flow from the chamber 10 through the outlet 17 under pressure to a vaporizing pipe 18 which latter has communication with a vaporizing coil 19.

The other end of the coil 19 has communication With a pipe 2O through Which steam is conducted into a chamber 21. Interposed between the chamber 21 and the chamber 10 is acombined steam and Water chamber 22 which has communication with the pipe 18 through an outlet J3 in the chamber 22, through the medium of a pipe 24, in which latter may be arranged a check valve 25. The pipe 24 also has comiminication With the chamber 10. The check valve 25 is set to maintain the Water level in the chamber 22 above the outlet 23, until the pressure inl the chamber 22 upon the water therein is sufficient to unseat the valve 25 by overcoming the pressure or head on the column of Water 11 in the `chamber 10. When the valve 25 is unseated Water from the chamber 22 will flow through the outlet 23 past the valve 25 and into the vaporizing pipe 18. A pipe 26 telescopes with the chamber 21 and extends therebeyond and is of an external diameter considerably less then the internal diameter of the chamber 21 and into which latter it extends, to form a tortuous passage for the 'steam from the chamber 21 and which steam enters the chamber 21 through the pipe 201. The pipe 26 extends into the Cil chamber `2l through one Wall thereo't to a point in close proximity to but spaced trom the .opposite wall ot the chamber, so as not to interfere with the passage et the steam into the pipe 26 t'rom the ohamber 2l.

The portion of the pipe 26 which extends into the chamber 22 terminates above the ivater level in the Chamber and l'orms a communication between the Chambers 2l and 22. The steam discharged from the pipe 26 into thel ehainber 22 will be delivered do\\.f'n\vardly and against the vvater Contained in this chamber. This action or Contact of .the steam ivith the body oli Water will operate to separate all impurities from the steam and the Water.

A nozzle designated generally by the reterenee numeral 2T is arranged to diseharge into a furnace 28, preterably through 'the elinker door 29Y above the grate bars Si). The nozzle l27 (see particularly Figure El) may be provided with a plurality ot die Charge outlets 3l and the interior ot t body ot the nozzle `is preferably ot a venturi construction Connected with the nozzle so as to discharge ther into is z.. pipe B3 for conductingsteam to the nozzle jrom the chamber 22. This pipe 3? has communication With the Chamber 22 preferably adja- Cent the top thereof and may be provided With a suitable controllingvalve 3ft to ront-rol the flow of steam therethrough. Conneetel also with the nozzle 27 and disehargring,- thereinto is a pipe 3l :tor supplyiiur oil to the nozzle. As the steam is delivered through the pipe 33 into the nozzle 2? and as it passes through the nozzle, it Will be manifest that as the steam expands in the nozzlepit Will create a suetion in the pipe Sli. Oil-Will then be dravm in through this pipe 3a" and will be atomized with the steam 'and delivered through the diseharge outlets l3l of the nozzle, into the lire boxY ot theilui`- nace. u 'Eneompassing the chamber 2l is chamber or V'passage 35 which is ot an interior diameter somewhat greater than the exteriordiameter ot the chamber 2l and is out .of ,eomn'iunieation With the Chamber 21.. The pipe 34: has communication with the chamber `preferably adjacent the top thereofn and remote trom the end of the chamber 2l,.and Which latter Chamber telesco es IVith the chamber l# icontrol valve 36 may be prorided in the pipe 3st for .controlling the supply ot' oil to the nozzle 27.

Oil is supplied to the Chamber from any suitable source ot supply through a pipe 37, Which has communication with the Chamber preferably at the bot-tom of the latter. As the oil enters the chamber through the pipe 37, it Will flow between the Walls oit the chambers S1 ant. and around .the chamber .2l and as the latter is heated by the steam from the eoil l). it vvill be manifest that the oil in 'liowing through the Chamber Will be heated before it enters the pipe to be delivered to the nozzle 2T.

Si cheek valve 38 may be provided in the pipe 37, and it desired a clean out valve or roel: 39 may be provided for the steam and vvater Chamber 22 to remove sediment therefrom.

lt is thought the operation o this portion ot the apparatus will be clearly understool troni the :foregoing` dest'riptioii but briefly stated it is as tollovvs.

Vater is supplied to the ehan'iber lO through the pipe l5. and the column oit -vfater vvill compress the air l() so that when the valve let is closed the column ot vv'ater ll will be under a constant pressure. The pressure upon the column ot water ll causes the water to flou' through the outlet 17 into the pipe i8, and to the eoil it) Where it is eonverted into steam. T he steam or vapor then passes through the pipe 20 into the chamber 2l, and through the pipe 2S to be delivered into the chamber 22, against the atei in the Chamber 22. The steam contacting` with this body ot ivater will raus-:e the impurities to be separated and deposited or precipitated in the chamber 22, from which they may be remove( through the elean out eoelr 39.

uLinder normal conditions the valve 25 Wi l be maintained Closed by the pressure of the column of liquid ll and ot the air lo, against the pressure ol: the steam in the rhamber 22 upon the water in the latter. As the Column oit liquid ll is consumed and as the height ot the column falls, aided by the expansion ot the air 16` until the Column ll is of sueh a height that ivater Will not be supplied therefrom to the pipe ltl, through the outlet l?, the valve 25 will be unseated by the pressure in the Chamber 22, so as 'to allow the water in the ehamber 22 to `flou' througli the outlet 23 into the pipe tl9 thereby maintaining` a supply of water to the coil lato be vaporized.

The Water is replenished in the chamber 22 by condensation. ils the steam is Flowing,` through the chamber 2l to the chamber 22, oil Will be supplied to the Chamber 35 through the pipe 237 and will be drawn through the pipe 3lto the nozzle 2? by the suction created in the nozzle by the steam passing` through the venturi 52.

lt will be noted that before any ot the steam which has been `ogenerated in the coil 19. reaches the nozzle 27, it must be delivered into the chamber 22. The delivery ot the steam into the Chamber 22 and the Coutaet of the steam with the water `in this chamber Will operate as separator tor separating` the impurities from the steam auf! the Water.

Bitter the apparatus has been once ad justed to supply the desired and proper'- tionate quantities of steam and oil to the nozzle, it will be manifest that the apparatus will'be automatic in its action, and the water in the chamber 22 will serve as a reserve supply of water to be automatically used when the supply l1 in the column or chamber l() has been sutiiciently reduced or consumed.

Fire brick 39 ai'e preferably arranged within the fire box 40 above the grate bars 30, and are preferably provided with a curved or arched face 4l so'shaped that the products of combustion issuing from the nozzle 27 will be directed against the faces 4l to cause the products of combustion to swirl about in the tire box.

Any suitable means may be provided for preheating and supplying heated air to support combustion within the lire box. A suitable and eflicient means consists of pipes 42 connected to the inlet ends of each of which is an open bell shaped member 43. These members 43 rest upon the grate bars 30 and have communication with some of the openings 44 between the grate bars. The members 43 are preferably located at the rear of the grate and on opposite sides of the tire box 40. The pipes 42 arch above the grate bars and extend forwardly to the front of the lire box. The forward ends of these pipes 42 extend downwardly as at 45 (see particularly Figure 4) and. terminate adjacent the nozzle 2T. The pipes 45 are connected with a cross like coupling 46 so that air in the pipe will be discharged thereunto and then into the lire box through the opening 47 arranged in alinement with the opening 48 and into which latter opening the nozzle 2T projects. The fuel being dischargml from the nozzle passes out of the opening 47 into the lire box and will entrain or create a forced draft for the air through the pipes 42.

A covering 49 preferably in the form of sheet metal is placed upon the grate bars $30 so as to close all of the openings 44 between the grate bars, with the exception of the openings that communicate with the bell shaped members 43.

With this construction it will be manifest that any air which enters the ire box 40 will `flow from the ash pit 50 through the openings 44, bell shaped members 43, into the pipes 42 and through the pipes 45 to be discharged through the opening 47 in the coupling 4G. This will cause the air to be preheated before it is delivered into the lire box, and will create a forced draft through the pipes 42. Furthermore by preheating the air a roaring sound'of the nozzle will be prevented.

The pipes 42 are preferably arranged that they will serve a support for the vaporizing coil 19.

lith this improved apparatus the oil supply is heated so as to thin the oil before it is delivered to the nozzle, with the result that the oil will atomize more freely and` completely.

By the provision of the water column which is maintained under air pressure, the air will serve as a cushion and will prevent pulsation of the supply of water and steam, and especially of steam.

lVhile the preferred form of the invention have been herein shown and described, it .is to be understood that various changes may be made in tl e details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts within the scope of the claims wit-hout departing from the spirit of this invention.

that is claimed as new is l.. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water, air cushioning means for the water column, a nozzle, a heating coil leading from the water column to vaporize the water, a receiver also connected with said coil for maintaining a reserve supply of water, means automatically controlling the delivery of the water from the reserve supply to the heating` coil, means for delivering vapor to the nozzle, means for delivering oil to the nozzle, and means for preheating the oil before it is delivered to the nozzle.

2. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water, a vaporizer connected at one end with the said water column, a combined steam and water chamber with which the vaporizer also has comn'iunication, a valved connection between the said water column and the said chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the said chamber and the nozzle to deliver vapor to the latter, and means for supplying` oil to the nozzle.

Si. An oil burning` apparatus including means for maintaining` a column of water, a vaporizer connected at one end with the said water column, a combined steam and water chamber with which the vaporizer also has communication, a valved connection between the said water column and the said chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the said chamber and the .nozzle to deliver vapor to the latter, and means for supplying oil to the nozzle, the said connection between the vaporizer and the said chamber including means for preheating the oil before it is delivered to the said nozzle.

4. .An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water, a vaporizer connected at one end with the said water column, a combined steam and water chamber with which the vaporizer also has communication a valved connection between the said water column and the said chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the lil() lll) said chamber and the nozzle to deliver vapor to the latter, means for supplying` oil to the nozzle, and means individual to the vapor and the oil supplies for controlling them.

5. fin oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining` a column of vfater, a vaporizing pipe leading` from the said Water column, a combined water and steam chamber, automatically operating means normally closing the connection between the said pipe and the water and steam chamber, said chamber having communication with the said. vaporizing pipe above the Water level in the chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the nozzle and the said chamber above the ivater level in the chamber, and

- means for su a )l fino oil to the nozzle.

6. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintainii'ig a column of Water, a vaporizing pipe leading from the said Water column, a combined ivater and steam chamber, a connection betiveen the said pipe and the Water column and chamber, said chamber having communication with the said.vaporizing` pipe above the vvater level in the chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the nozzle and the said chamber above the water level in the chamber, and means for supplying` oil to the nozzle, a portion of the connection between the said if'aporizing pipe and the said chamber' serving to prehcat the oil before it reaches the nozzle.

7. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a water column, a nozzle, means for conveying water from the column and vaporing the Water, means for conveying the vapor to the nozzle, the last recited means including means for causing the vapor to impinge a body of Water different from the said column for removing impurities in the Water, and means for delivering oil to the said nozzle.

8. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a Water column, a nozzle, means for conveying water from the column and vaporizing` the Water, means for conveying the vapor to the nozzle, the last recited means including means for causing the vapor to impinge a body of Water different from the said column for removing impurities in the Water, means for delivering oil to the said nozzle, the second recited means including an oil heater, means for supplying oil to the oil heater, and means for conducting the heated oil from the said heater to the said. nozzle.

9 An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water, a conduit for conveying` water from the said column and vaporizing the Water, a Water chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the water chamber and the said conduit for automatically supplying vvater to the said conduit, means for discharging the vapor into the said chamber and against the body of ivater therein, a connection between the said chamber above the Water level thereof and the said nozzle, for conveying vapor to the nozzle, and means for supplying oil to the nozzle l0. sin oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a. column of water, a conduit for conveying Water from the said column and vaporizing` the Water, a Water chamber, a nozzle, a connection between the water chamber and the said conduit for automatically supplying water to the said conduit, means for discharging` the vapor into the said chamber and against the body ot water therein, a connection betvveen the said chamber above the water level thereof and the said nozzle for conveying vapor to the nozzle, and means for supplying oil to the nozzle, a portion of the last recited con- L ection serving as a` heater to preheat the oil before it delivered to the said nozzle.

1l. An oil burning apparatus including a water cl amber for receiving and condensing vapor produced from a separate Water supply to produce a quantity of water in said chamber, a vaporizing pipe, said pipe lie-.vingl an outlet having communication vfith the said chamber above the Water level therein, a nozzle, means for conveying;` and delivering` vapor from the said chamber to the said nozzle, and means for supplying oil to the nozzle.

l2. An oil burning apparatus including a water chamber for receiving and condensin;=` vapor therein produced from a separate iva'ter supply to produce a quantity of water in said chamber, a vaporizing pipe, said pipe having an outlet having con'imunicatimi with the said chamber above the water level therein, a nozzle, means for conveying and delivering,r vapor from the said chamber to the said nozzle, and means for supplying oil to the nozzle, a portion of the last recited means encompassing` a portion of the said vaporizing` pipe for preheating` the oil.

13. An oil burning apparatus incliuling a water chamber, a vaporizing conduit leading from the chamber and back into the chamber and causing the vapor to impinge the Water therein and above the Water level in the chamber, a nozzle, means for conveying vapor from the said chamber to the nozzle and means for delivering` oil to the nozzle, the last said means including provisions for conducting the vapor through the supply of oil and out of comminglingrelation therewith during the passage of the oil to the said nozzle.

14. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water under l'luid pressure, a nozzle, means for conveying water from the column and vaporizing the Water, means for conveying the vapor to the nozzle, the last recited means including means for impinging the vapor lll the

l5. An oil burning apparatus including' means for maintaining a column ot water under fluid pressure, a nozzle, means ior conveying water from the column and vaporizing the water, means for conveying the vapor to the nozzle, the last recited means including means vfor impinging the vapor against a body of water for removing impurities in the l'luid, means for delivering oil to the said nozzle., and means 'for preheating the oil by the vapor betere the latter discharged against the said body oi' 'weten 1G. in oil burning apparatus including a closed water chamber for maintaining a column oit water under air pressure, a seeond water chamber, a conmiunication be tween the. chambers, a normally closed and automatically actuated uilve tor controlling said communication, a vaporizing pipe leading from the chambers and discharging into the said second water chamber above the liquid lever therein, a nozzle, a communication between the nozzle and the said ond water chamber above the water level in the latter, and an oil supply conduit leading to the nozzle.

17. An oil burning apparatus including a closed water chamber for maintaining a column ot water under air pressure, a second water chamber, a communication between the chambers, a normally closed and automatically actuated valve for controlling said communication, a vaporizing pipe leading from the chambers and discharging into the said second water chamber above the liquid level therein, a nozzle, a communication between the nozzle and the said second water chamber above the water level in the latter, and an oil supply conduit leading to the nozzle, a portion of the said oil supply conduit encompassing a portion oi the said vaporizing pipe.

18. An oil burning apparatus including means for maintaining a column of water under air pressure, a second water chamber, a communication between the chambers, a normally closed and automatically actuated valve for controlling' said communication, a vaporizing pipe leading from the chambers and discharging' into the said second water chamber above the water level therein, a nozzle, a communication between the nozzle and the said second water chamber above the water level in the latter, an oil supply leading to the nozzle, and means for preheating a supply of air to be delivered to the nozzle.

i9. An oil burning apparatus including means iior maintaining a column oiI water under air pressure, a second water chamber, a communication between the chambers, a

the

normally closed and automatically actuated valve for controlling said communication, a vaporizing pipe leadingfrom the chambers and discharging into the said second water chamber above .the water level tl'ierein a nozzle, a communication between the nor/.zie and thesaid second water chamber above the water level in the latter, an oil supply leading to the nozzle, means for preheating the oil betere it delivered to the nozzle, and mean.. for preheating a supply oi air to be delivered to the nozzle.

20. An oil burning apparatus including a water chamber, a vaporizing pipe leading from the chamber and discharging back into the chamber above the water level to cause the vapor to impinge the water therein, a nozzle, means for conveying vapor from the said chamber to the nozzle, and means for delivering a supply of preheated oil to the nozzle, the last recited means including an oil receiving chamber or conduit into which a portion ot the said vaporizing pipe telescopes.

2l. ln combination with a heater having a iire chamber and a grate, an oil burning apparatus including means for vaporizing and discharging fuel into the lire box and including a nozzle, air pipes covering portions ot the grate bars and having open communication with the spaces between the grate bars, and means covering the remaining area of the grate bars to close the spaces therebetween, to prevent the passage oi' air `through the last recited spaces, the said air pipes terminating'- and having discharge outlets adjacent the said nozzle.

22. ln combination with a heater having a fire chamber and a grate, an oil'b'urning apparatus including means for vaporizing and discharging fuel into the lire box and including' a nozzle, air pipes covering portions of the grate bars and having open communication with the spaces between the grate bars, and means covering the remaining area of the grate bars to close the spaces therebetween to prevent the passage of air through the last recited spaces, the said air pipes terminating and having discharge outlets adjacent the said nozzle, the said air pipes serving as a support for the said vaporizing means.

In combination with a heater, a grate therein, air pipes having open bell shaped extremities resting upon the grate and having communications with the spaces between the grate bars, means covering the remaining area of the grate to close the spaces between the grate bars to the passage of air therethrough, and a vapor nozzle discharging into the fire box above the grate, said air pipes having discharge outlets adjacent the said nozzle.

241;. ln combination with a heater, a grate therein, air pipes having open bell shaped llO CIK

exti'eineties resting uponvthe grate zindha'ving communication with the spa-ees between the grate bars, means-Covering' the remaining area,- o Jthe grate to close the spaces between the grate bars to the passage4 of air therethrough, and :i vapor nozzle discharging into the lire box above the grate, said air pipes arching above the grate and* nozzle :ind having); discharge outlets adjcent the' nozzle.

25. In combination with wheater, :i grate therein, zur plpes having` enlarged inlet ends resting,r upon the grate und communicating with the spaces between the grate bars, means covering the remaining area ol the grate to close the spaces therebetween, ay nozzle, said air pipes arching above lche grate and nozzle, and a. vaporizing pipe supported by the nir pipes,l said air pipes having` discharge outlets `adjacent the saidnozzle..

In testimony whereof I have signed my nume to this specieation, on this 31st day olJnly, A. Il. 1924'.

HARRY IV. LAS'ER.

Images